Entre o sagrado e o profano: os efeitos de sentido revelados nos testemunhos de um blog evangélico

The testimonial is a way of statement that demonstrates or admit the existence of a reality with which the enunciator has contacted. This is, thus, pushed to say what he saw, heard or touched. In this paper, we verified the effects of senses produced in the blog of Bishop Macedo, founder of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), from a corpus which consists of nine testimonies of presumed believersselected among 64 statements distributed during the year, 2012. Instead of instantaneous testimonials, on a live presentation, these media narratives are underpinned by attributes such as hyperlinks, visuals, language translators, besides mechanisms of interaction and sharing in other spheres from mediatic slant. The problem of this analysis was born from the observation of regular points in the discursive architecture of these testimonials, when was identified the existing relation force between the sacred and the profane, everyday practices. During six months, analysis of the empirical material, we found some effects of the senses on the testimonials, as the dialectic structure and the need for denuding a precarious past, an engagement to shield the figure of Macedo and the UCKG towards society; a update of a crusade against other religions; and the presence of certain sensuality in self-deprecation of the deponents, and an unequal relation of forces (sacred and profane) in the construction of truth. In order of succeeding in this investigation, we used the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Analysis of French Discourse (AD), denouncing the qualitative nature of the research. As a methodological principle, we still use transdisciplinarity, which validated some of our dialogues, especially with philosophy. The conception of discourse modeled by a media support and transpassed by the subject(s) and story (ies) characterized the perspective of the research

Paidéia e retórica no diálogo Fedro de Platão

This study presents a study on Plato's Phaedrus , with the purpose of discussing the possibility of interpreting this dialogue as a discussion on the greek notion of paideia.. We believe to find evidence to support this claim both in the cultural background of the dialogue and in its text. As background evidence, we point to the fact that Rhetoric had become the major disciplined studied in Athens in Plato's time, largely because democratic instituitions favored its practice. As text evidence, we point out that the story of the Phaedrus can be read as the story of how Socrates leads Phaedrus's soul toward philosophy. Therefore, we believe that Plato's main goal with this dialogue is to discuss Rhetoric and present the philosophical perspective on the possibility of an art of speechmaking. In order to achieve this, Plato presents an analyses of current Rhetoric, explains his conception of dialectic, and debate the relation between extemporaneous and written speech. We believe that all those elements serve the larger purpose of providing the background to discuss the cultural education of the Athenians

Metafísica e moralidade na filosofia de Schopenhauer

This work posits a mutual implication between metaphysics and morality in the philosophy of Schopenhauer and seeks to clarify the many nuances that take place in this relation. Each chapter offers a perspective in which the relation between metaphysics and morality can be addressed. Thus, by exposing some important aspects of representation theory of Schopenhauer, we try, in the first chapter, explain the relationship between his idealism and his conception of morality; in the second chapter, the determinism present both in nature and in moral actions, determinism that establishes the relationship between morality and metaphysics through the very notion of a metaphysical nature; in the third chapter, relationship between metaphysics and morality that takes place through the notion of freedom as denial of the previous determinism, freedom possible to the genius, to the saint and to the ascetic. All of these perspectives, however, presuppose the distinction between phenomenon and thing-initself, figuring this distinction as crucial in building of this metaphysic that seeks to protect the moral significance of the world while denying the existence of God

Fundamentos da filosofia moral de Peter Singer

This research aims to reconstruct and explain the argument proposed by Peter Singer to justify the principle of equal consideration of interests (PECI). The PECI is the basic normative principle according to people should consider the interests of all sentient beings affected when somebody taking a moral decision. It is the join that Singer proposes between universalizability and the principle of equal consideration of interests that constitutes a compelling reason to justify it. The universalizability requires to disregard the numerical differences, putting yourself in other people s shoes, and to consider preferences, interests, desires and ideals of those affected. Singer joins universalizability to normative principle and molds the form and content of his theory. The first chapter introduces the discussion will be developed in this essay. The second chapter deals the historical and philosophical viewpoint from which Singer starts his studies. The third chapter is about the Singer s critiques of naturalism, intuitionism, relativism, simple subjectivism and emotivism. The fourth chapter exposes the design of universal prescriptivism proposed by R. M. Hare. The universal prescriptivism indicates, in the Singer s viewpoint, a consistent way to create the join between the universalizability and PECI. It highlights also the criticism designed by J. L. Mackie and Singer himself to universal prescriptivism. The second part of this chapter shows briefly some of the main points of the classical conception of utilitarianism and its possible relationship with the theory of Singer. The fifth chapter introduces the Singer s thesis about the origin of ethics and the universalizability as a feature necessary to the point of view of ethic, and the way which this argument is developed to form the PECI. The sixth chapter exposes the main distinctions that characterize the PECI. Finally the seventh chapter provides a discussion about the reasons highlighted by Singer for one who wants orient his life according to the standpoint of ethics. This structure allows explaining the main ideas of the author concerning the theoretical foundations of his moral philosophy

Encontros entre dança, subjetivação e saúde mental

Taking from starting point the contact with the experience of a dancing body language group at Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) II in Fortaleza-CE, aiming to investigate the relationship between what we denominate dancing-dispositive and the process of de-institutionalization of insanity. Based in the philosophy of difference and in the cartographic perspective, we used the concept of dispositive in order to make visible the lines that compose it and the way they tangle in the production of different ways of subjectivation through another form of expression using the body. We followed two fortnight groups of body language recording the conversations that took place in the beginning and in the end of the activities. We also recorded our informal talks with the workshopper, with the psychiatrist responsible for the course of formation of artists of CAPS and the choreographer who was part of the artistic formation of the workshopper aiming to elucidate the body, dance and art conceptions which guided such work. Finally, we interviewed some technicians and we participated of a meeting of the team aiming to understand how that activity was perceived. We observed that the use of certain conception of dance in the field of mental health is in consonance with the the Phychiatric Reform, since it provides another way of dealing with the body, different from that produced by the contention and by the discipline. Nevertheless, we understood that there is a risk that, in some moments, the group being more a place of normalization than one of experimenting other ways of relating with yourself and with the others. We also noted that the dancing-dispositive appears as an important analyzer of the connections established at CAPS, indicating a need of the service to be more opened to the production of new care and harboring strategies, breaking the mental health facility logic of incarceration of life which still persists in the quotidian of that institution

John Stuart Mill e o cultivo da individualidade

The development of a human individual was a matter of investigation for many thinkers through the history of philosophy. The meanings that this development has taken were, nevertheless, very diversified, involving moral, political, epistemological, aesthetical and even religious aspects. The main agents in this process of development of human individuality are, on the one hand, each individual, who has to strive to improve himself the most, creating and resorting to the means available to that; on the other hand, the fomentalist State also have to take his part in this process, given that such a State has a direct interest in the development of his own citizens; it has to act in such a way that it can foment new and enhance the old existing means that can be used to accomplish the task of developing the human individuality. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the meaning that such development has acquired for the utilitarian philosopher John Stuart Mill, from his conception of individuality.