Influ��ncia de f��rmacos lipof��licos na estabilidade de emuls��es de uso terapêutico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico

S��ndrome de Cogan: achados oculares em um caso da forma at��pica

A s��ndrome de Cogan �� entidade multissist��mica rara caracterizada por ceratite intersticial associada �� disfun����o ��udio-vestibular e poss��vel surdez irrevers��vel classificada em duas formas cl��nicas: t��pica e at��pica. H�� discord��ncia na literatura quanto �� presen��a de acometimento corneano na forma at��pica. Uma paciente de 32 anos queixando-se de hiperemia e dor ocular, fotofobia e baixa da acuidade visual no olho direito, associada �� perda s��bita de audi����o �� esquerda, v��mitos, diarr��ia, olig��ria, dor na orofaringe e febre. Hist��ria pr��via de semelhante acometimento do olho esquerdo e audi����o direita. Havia intensa hiperemia conjuntival, esclerite nodular, episclerite e infiltrados circulares no estroma corneano. A paciente recebeu pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona e ciclofosfamida. Evoluiu com grande melhora ocular, por��m com resposta auditiva pobre. O caso reportado pode constituir forma t��pica da s��ndrome de Cogan (de acordo com autores que defendem o n��oacometimento corneano na forma at��pica) com alguns achados caracter��sticos da forma at��pica ou um caso da forma at��pica da s��ndrome de Cogan (para aqueles que defendem o acometimento corneano na forma at��pica). O diagn��stico diferencial tamb��m �� discutido

Efeitos da aplica����o t��pica do mel de melipona subnitida em feridas infectadas de ratos

Avaliar efeitos do uso t��pico do mel da abelha silvestre Melipona subnitida na evolu����o de feridas infectadas de pele. M��todo: Ratos Wistar foram distribu��dos aleatoriamente em grupos de 6, anestesiados com tiopental s��dico 20mg/Kg IP e cetamina 30mg/Kg IM e submetidos a ex��rese de segmento de 1 cm2 de pele total do dorso. Os ratos do grupo C (n��o infectado) foram tratados com solu����o salina sobre a ferida diariamente e no grupo MEL (n��o infectado) as feridas foram tratadas com mel uma vez por dia. Nos grupos C/I e MEL/I as feridas foram inoculadas com solu����o polimicrobiana. Culturas foram feitas 24 horas ap��s. Caracterizada a infec����o, as feridas foram tratadas com solu����o salina e mel, respectivamente. No terceiro dia de tratamento foi feita nova cultura. Ap��s epiteliza����o foi contado o tempo de cicatriza����o e as feridas foram biopsiadas para histopatologia e dosagem de TNF-a, IL-1b e IL-6 no tecido. Resultados: O tempo m��dio de cicatriza����o do grupo MEL/I foi menor que nos demais grupos(P<0,05). Verificou-se que a densidade de col��geno, leuc��citos, fibroblastos e dosagem de citocinas (especialmente TNF) foi maior no grupo infectado e tratado com mel que nos demais grupos. Houve significante redu����o de bact��rias Gram-negativas e positivas nas feridas ap��s o tratamento com mel. Conclus��o: O uso t��pico de mel de Melipona subnitida em feridas infectadas da pele de ratos estimulou a resposta imunol��gica, reduziu a infec����o e o tempo de cicatriza����o

An��lise da estabilidade gen��tica de c��lulas-tronco mesenquimais humanas

Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have become an important and attractive therapeutic tool since they are easily isolated and cultured, have in vitro expansion potential, substantial plasticity and secrete bioactive molecules that exert trophic effects. The human umbilical cord as a cell source for cell therapy will help to avoid several ethical, political, religious and technical issues. One of the main issues with SC lines from different sources, mainly those of embryonic origin, is the possibility of chromosomal alterations and genomic instability during in vitro expansion. Cells isolated from one umbilical cord exhibited a rare balanced paracentric inversion, likely a cytogenetic constitutional alteration, karyotype: 46,XY,inv(3)(p13p25~26). Important genes related to cancer predisposition and others involved in DNA repair are located in 3p25~26. Titanium is an excellent biomaterial for bone-implant integration; however, the use can result in the generation of particulate debris that can accumulate in the tissues adjacent to the prosthesis, in the local bone marrow, in the lymph nodes, liver and spleen. Subsequently may elicit important biological responses that aren��t well studied. In this work, we have studied the genetic stability of MSC isolated from the umbilical cord vein during in vitro expansion, after the cryopreservation, and under different concentrations and time of exposition to titanium microparticles. Cells were isolated, in vitro expanded, demonstrated capacity for osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and were evaluated using flow cytometry, so they met the minimum requirements for characterization as MSCs. The cells were expanded under different concentrations and time of exposition to titanium microparticles. The genetic stability of MSCs was assessed by cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and analysis of micronucleus and other nuclear alterations (CBMN). The cells were able to internalize the titanium microparticles, but MSCs preserve their morphology, differentiation capacity and surface marker expression profiles. Furthermore, there was an increase in the genomic instability after long time of in vitro expansion, and this instability was greater when cells were exposed to high doses of titanium microparticles that induced oxidative stress. It is necessary always assess the risks/ benefits of using titanium in tissue therapy involving MSCs, considering the biosafety of the use of bone regeneration using titanium and MSCs. Even without using titanium, it is important that the therapeutic use of such cells is based on analyzes that ensure quality, security and cellular stability, with the standardization of quality control programs appropriate. In conclusion, it is suggested that cytogenetic analysis, FISH analysis and the micronucleus and other nuclear alterations are carried out in CTMH before implanting in a patient

A palavra cantada nos espa��os intersubjetivos de um centro de aten����o psisossocial do munic��pio do Natal/RN

The psychiatric care and mental health are undergoing constant change over the History. The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, which brings up the deinstitutionalization as a structuring in the restorative care process. The Reform has as one of the mainly substitutive services the Centers for Psychosocial Care (CAPS), which work from the Singular Therapeutic Project (PTS) in order to restore the autonomy and restore the dignity of users. The therapeutic workshop is some of the resources used and work several kinds of activities as: writing, handcraft, music, poetry, and so forth. This study set up to apprehend the social representations of helping of the music workshop carried out in the CAPS II east of Natal/RN, from the reports given by the participants of the workshop, using the focal group as technique. This is a descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach. A total of 16 users participated in four musical therapeutic workshops from April to May 2010. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of UFRN. The discursive material from the workshop was submitted to the informational resource of Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d um Ensemble de Segments de Texte, ALCESTE, and analyzed based on the Theory of Representations and the Central Core Theory. The majority of subjects were men (62.5%), single (62.5%), aged 40-49 years (37.6%) and elementary school level (56.2 %). The reports were transcribed and submitted to the classification system of ALCESTE, which elected the following categories: Category 1 - Experience in the Word Family Sung, Category 2 - Musical Experiences and Approaches, and Category 3 - Feelings and emotions evoked by music. The representation of these individuals is anchored in the experience they have with the CAPS, lived and socialized by common sense, through this particular social group workshop objectified in music therapy as a therapeutic modality enjoyable. The central core revealed the intrinsic relationship between users and the music, establishing a relationship of openness to use the same while its therapeutic use in workshops of substitute services for mental health. Peripherals elements issues are related to listen, share and experience music in the family. Intermediary Elements relate to the feelings and emotions evoked by music, given her close relationship with it. It was found in the study that music can be construed as an artifact of good therapeutic responsiveness to users, configuring it as an invigorating and enjoyable therapy, confirming the need for continuity of this activity, as well as its expansion into the service

Efic��cia do cimento de ion��mero de vidro como selante oclusal sobre a paralisa����o de les��es cariosas em dentina

Dental caries consists in a multifactorial and dynamic process. The knowledge of the ionic interactions among dental tissues and dental biofilm make possible its understanding as a process that can be stopped. Recently, the use of sealants have lost its function as preventive agent and passed to be argued as a possible therapeutical agent. This happens by hindering the substratum flow to the lesion inner and, therefore, controls the advance of the process. This study aimed to evaluate glass ionomer cement as a not invasive technique of treatment in occlusal caries without clinical cavitation, but with dentinal involvement. The research was accomplished using a controlled clinical trial with two groups (experimental and control) in 38 subjects (8-18 years) with 51 molars. The teeth of the experimental group were sealed with glass ionomer cement (Vidrion-R, S.S.White, Juiz de Fora, Brazil) and the molars control did not suffer intervention. The experimental group was followed by a year and the control by 8 months due the progression of the carious injury. Both groups were reevaluated to each 4 months with the use of clinical, radiographic and laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent��) examination. The analysis of the clinical evaluation did not observe a significant difference between experimental and control groups. However, analysis with radiographic and laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent��) examination observed a significant difference (p> 0,05) between groups, demonstrating a wors condition to the group without intervention. The results suggest that glass ionomer cement as sealant can be efficient to paralyze dentinal caries without clinical cavitation

An��lise estrutural e avalia����o do efeito condroitim sulfato extra��do de til��pia (Oreochromis niloticus) em modelo de peritonite aguda

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a naturally glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues and it may be extracted and purified those tissues. CS is involved in various biological functions, which may be related to the having structural variability, despite the simplicity of the linear chain structure from this molecule. Researches in biotechnology and pharmaceutical field with wastes from aquaculture has been developed in Brazil. In recent decades, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), native fish from Africa, has been one of the most cultivated species in various regions of the world, including Brazil. The tilapia farming is a cost-effective activity, however, it generates large amount of wastes that are discarded by producers. It is understood that waste from tilapia can be used in research as a source of molecules with important biotechnological applications, which also helps in reducing environmental impacts and promote the development of an ecofriendly activity. Thus, nile tilapia viscera were subjected to proteolysis, then the glycosaminoglycans were complexed with ion exchange resin (Lewatit), it was fractionated with increasing volumes of acetone and purified by ion exchange chromatography DEAE-Sephacel. Further, the fraction was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The electrophoretic profile of the compound together the analysis of 1H NMR spectra and the HSQC correlation allow to affirm that the compound corresponds to a molecule like chondroitin sulfate. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability in the presence of CS tilapia isolated and showed that the compound is not cytotoxic to normal cells such as cells from the mouse embryo fibroblast (3T3). Then, this compound was tested for the ability to reduce the influx of leukocytes in model of acute peritonitis (in vivo) induced by sodium thioglycolate. In this context, it was done total and differential leukocytes counting in the blood and peritoneal fluid collected respectively from vena cava and the peritoneal cavity of the animals subjected to the experiment. The chondroitin sulfate for the first time isolated from tilapia (CST ) was able to reduce the migration of leukocytes to the peritoneal cavity of inflamed mice until 80.4 per cent at a dose 10��g/kg. The results also show that there was a significant reduction (p<0.001) of the population of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from peritoneal cavity in the three tested doses (0.1��g/kg; 1��g/kg and 10��g/kg) when it was compared to the positive control (just thioglycolate). Therefore, since the CST structure and mechanism of action has been completely elucidated, this compound may have potential for therapeutic use in inflammatory diseases

Avalia����o dos efeitos t��xicos in vitro e in vivo do extrato hidroetan��lico dos frutos de Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae) em camundongos Swiss

The therapeutic use of medicinal plants has contributed since antiquity in a beneficial way for health. However, many species lacks of scientific evidence which provide basis for their use in therapeutic practice. In this context is the Genipa americana L. species (Rubiaceae), popularly known as jenipapo and used to treat syfilis, ulcer and hemorrhagic disturbs. It's also used against bruising, as tonic and as aphrodisiac. Due this species lacks toxicological studies, the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity in vivo (acute and sub-chronic toxicity) and in vitro (cytotoxicity) of the hydroethanolic extract from G. americana fruits. The hydroethanolic extract of G. americana fruits was prepared by maceration. A preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed to assess the presence of secondary metabolites in the extract. The cytotoxicity study of the extract (0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg / 100 ul) were performed against normal cells (3T3) and tumor (786-0, HepG2 and B16), analyzed by the MTT assay. To evaluate the acute (single dose of 2000 mg / Kg) and subchronic (100, 500 and 1000 mg / kg for 30 days) toxicity Swiss mice of both sexes were used. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and organs were collected for analysis. Data between groups were compared by t test or ANOVA with Dunnett's post-test with 5% significance level. The phytochemical study of the extracts mainly indicated the presence of iridoids. Results for cytotoxicity tests showed up to 70% inhibition of B16 cell line at a dose of 1000 mg / 100 ul, and up to 29% inhibition of 786-0 at a dose of 10 ug / 100 ul. The extract did not cause death in 3T3 and HepG2 cells. During the in vivo assays, there were no animal deaths. Analysis of blood samples revealed that the animals submitted to the evaluation of acute toxicity had changes in AST and ALT, and that the animals evaluated for subchronic toxicity showed changes in the relative wet weight of the kidney and plasma urea concentration. No differences were observed between groups on histopathological evaluation of the collected organs. Despite the changes found in the in vivo toxicity tests, using the criteria described by the OECD Guidelines, it is suggested that the hydroethanolic extract of the fruits of the G. americana is classified as low toxicity. The cytotoxicity of the extract suggests that they have potential against melanoma cell lines (B16).

Avalia����o dos efeitos t��xicos in vitro e in vivo do extrato hidroetan��lico dos frutos de Genipa americana L. (Rubiaceae) em camundongos Swiss

The therapeutic use of medicinal plants has contributed since antiquity in a beneficial way for health. However, many species lacks of scientific evidence which provide basis for their use in therapeutic practice. In this context is the Genipa americana L. species (Rubiaceae), popularly known as jenipapo and used to treat syfilis, ulcer and hemorrhagic disturbs. It's also used against bruising, as tonic and as aphrodisiac. Due this species lacks toxicological studies, the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity in vivo (acute and sub-chronic toxicity) and in vitro (cytotoxicity) of the hydroethanolic extract from G. americana fruits. The hydroethanolic extract of G. americana fruits was prepared by maceration. A preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed to assess the presence of secondary metabolites in the extract. The cytotoxicity study of the extract (0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg / 100 ul) were performed against normal cells (3T3) and tumor (786-0, HepG2 and B16), analyzed by the MTT assay. To evaluate the acute (single dose of 2000 mg / Kg) and subchronic (100, 500 and 1000 mg / kg for 30 days) toxicity Swiss mice of both sexes were used. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and organs were collected for analysis. Data between groups were compared by t test or ANOVA with Dunnett's post-test with 5% significance level. The phytochemical study of the extracts mainly indicated the presence of iridoids. Results for cytotoxicity tests showed up to 70% inhibition of B16 cell line at a dose of 1000 mg / 100 ul, and up to 29% inhibition of 786-0 at a dose of 10 ug / 100 ul. The extract did not cause death in 3T3 and HepG2 cells. During the in vivo assays, there were no animal deaths. Analysis of blood samples revealed that the animals submitted to the evaluation of acute toxicity had changes in AST and ALT, and that the animals evaluated for subchronic toxicity showed changes in the relative wet weight of the kidney and plasma urea concentration. No differences were observed between groups on histopathological evaluation of the collected organs. Despite the changes found in the in vivo toxicity tests, using the criteria described by the OECD Guidelines, it is suggested that the hydroethanolic extract of the fruits of the G. americana is classified as low toxicity. The cytotoxicity of the extract suggests that they have potential against melanoma cell lines (B16).

S��ndrome de Cogan: achados oculares em um caso da forma at��pica

A s��ndrome de Cogan �� entidade multissist��mica rara caracterizada por ceratite intersticial associada �� disfun����o ��udio-vestibular e poss��vel surdez irrevers��vel classificada em duas formas cl��nicas: t��pica e at��pica. H�� discord��ncia na literatura quanto �� presen��a de acometimento corneano na forma at��pica. Uma paciente de 32 anos queixando-se de hiperemia e dor ocular, fotofobia e baixa da acuidade visual no olho direito, associada �� perda s��bita de audi����o �� esquerda, v��mitos, diarr��ia, olig��ria, dor na orofaringe e febre. Hist��ria pr��via de semelhante acometimento do olho esquerdo e audi����o direita. Havia intensa hiperemia conjuntival, esclerite nodular, episclerite e infiltrados circulares no estroma corneano. A paciente recebeu pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona e ciclofosfamida. Evoluiu com grande melhora ocular, por��m com resposta auditiva pobre. O caso reportado pode constituir forma t��pica da s��ndrome de Cogan (de acordo com autores que defendem o n��oacometimento corneano na forma at��pica) com alguns achados caracter��sticos da forma at��pica ou um caso da forma at��pica da s��ndrome de Cogan (para aqueles que defendem o acometimento corneano na forma at��pica). O diagn��stico diferencial tamb��m �� discutido

Efeitos da aplica����o t��pica do mel de melipona subnitida em feridas infectadas de ratos

Avaliar efeitos do uso t��pico do mel da abelha silvestre Melipona subnitida na evolu����o de feridas infectadas de pele. M��todo: Ratos Wistar foram distribu��dos aleatoriamente em grupos de 6, anestesiados com tiopental s��dico 20mg/Kg IP e cetamina 30mg/Kg IM e submetidos a ex��rese de segmento de 1 cm2 de pele total do dorso. Os ratos do grupo C (n��o infectado) foram tratados com solu����o salina sobre a ferida diariamente e no grupo MEL (n��o infectado) as feridas foram tratadas com mel uma vez por dia. Nos grupos C/I e MEL/I as feridas foram inoculadas com solu����o polimicrobiana. Culturas foram feitas 24 horas ap��s. Caracterizada a infec����o, as feridas foram tratadas com solu����o salina e mel, respectivamente. No terceiro dia de tratamento foi feita nova cultura. Ap��s epiteliza����o foi contado o tempo de cicatriza����o e as feridas foram biopsiadas para histopatologia e dosagem de TNF-a, IL-1b e IL-6 no tecido. Resultados: O tempo m��dio de cicatriza����o do grupo MEL/I foi menor que nos demais grupos(P<0,05). Verificou-se que a densidade de col��geno, leuc��citos, fibroblastos e dosagem de citocinas (especialmente TNF) foi maior no grupo infectado e tratado com mel que nos demais grupos. Houve significante redu����o de bact��rias Gram-negativas e positivas nas feridas ap��s o tratamento com mel. Conclus��o: O uso t��pico de mel de Melipona subnitida em feridas infectadas da pele de ratos estimulou a resposta imunol��gica, reduziu a infec����o e o tempo de cicatriza����o

An��lise da estabilidade gen��tica de c��lulas-tronco mesenquimais humanas

Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have become an important and attractive therapeutic tool since they are easily isolated and cultured, have in vitro expansion potential, substantial plasticity and secrete bioactive molecules that exert trophic effects. The human umbilical cord as a cell source for cell therapy will help to avoid several ethical, political, religious and technical issues. One of the main issues with SC lines from different sources, mainly those of embryonic origin, is the possibility of chromosomal alterations and genomic instability during in vitro expansion. Cells isolated from one umbilical cord exhibited a rare balanced paracentric inversion, likely a cytogenetic constitutional alteration, karyotype: 46,XY,inv(3)(p13p25~26). Important genes related to cancer predisposition and others involved in DNA repair are located in 3p25~26. Titanium is an excellent biomaterial for bone-implant integration; however, the use can result in the generation of particulate debris that can accumulate in the tissues adjacent to the prosthesis, in the local bone marrow, in the lymph nodes, liver and spleen. Subsequently may elicit important biological responses that aren��t well studied. In this work, we have studied the genetic stability of MSC isolated from the umbilical cord vein during in vitro expansion, after the cryopreservation, and under different concentrations and time of exposition to titanium microparticles. Cells were isolated, in vitro expanded, demonstrated capacity for osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and were evaluated using flow cytometry, so they met the minimum requirements for characterization as MSCs. The cells were expanded under different concentrations and time of exposition to titanium microparticles. The genetic stability of MSCs was assessed by cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and analysis of micronucleus and other nuclear alterations (CBMN). The cells were able to internalize the titanium microparticles, but MSCs preserve their morphology, differentiation capacity and surface marker expression profiles. Furthermore, there was an increase in the genomic instability after long time of in vitro expansion, and this instability was greater when cells were exposed to high doses of titanium microparticles that induced oxidative stress. It is necessary always assess the risks/ benefits of using titanium in tissue therapy involving MSCs, considering the biosafety of the use of bone regeneration using titanium and MSCs. Even without using titanium, it is important that the therapeutic use of such cells is based on analyzes that ensure quality, security and cellular stability, with the standardization of quality control programs appropriate. In conclusion, it is suggested that cytogenetic analysis, FISH analysis and the micronucleus and other nuclear alterations are carried out in CTMH before implanting in a patient

Biblioteca digital de teses e disserta��oes: uma refer��ncia fundamental

OLIVEIRA, Raimundo Muniz de. Biblioteca digital de teses e disserta��oes: uma referencia fundamental. In: CINFORM ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE ENSINO E PESQUISA DA INFORMA��AO,HUMANISMO E DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLOGICO,7.,2007,Salvador. Anais...Salvador:UFBA, 2007.Disponivel em:www.cinform.ufba.br>. Acesso em: 27 set. 2007. Acesso em: 27 set. 2010.

Avalia����o da potencialidade de uso do res��duo proveniente da ind��stria de beneficiamento do caulim na produ����o de piso cer��mico

FORMIGA, Felipe Lira et al. Avalia����o da Potencialidade de Uso do Res��duo Proveniente da Ind��stria de Beneficiamento do Caulim na Produ����o de Piso Cer��mico. Cer��mica Industrial, v. 14, p. 41-45, 2009.

Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Disserta����es: grau de utiliza����o pelos mestrandos do curso de Ci��ncia da Informa����o das Universidades P��blicas Brasileiras

A pesquisa aborda o uso das Tecnologias de Informa����o e Comunica����o, que vem revolucionando as atividades e ocasionando muitas mudan��as relacionadas ao acesso e uso de informa����es. O objetivo foi analisar o grau de utiliza����o do conhecimento cient��fico produzido pelos Programas de P��s-Gradua����o das Universidades P��blicas Brasileiras, atrav��s da BDTD, pelos mestrandos dos referidos programas. Nos procedimentos metodol��gicos realizados, procurou-se inicialmente analisar o amplo espectro da popula����o do corpus da pesquisa. Em raz��o da impossibilidade de trabalhar com os Programas de P��s-Gradua����o como um todo, optou-se por fazer um recorte, elegendo os cursos de P��s-Gradua����o em Ci��ncia da Informa����o, vez que estes representam o principal segmento social de interesse da pesquisa. Foi utilizado o m��todo de estudo de usu��rios, onde se optou por adotar o grupo, ���estudos orientados aos usu��rios���, que identifica as necessidades e comportamento de acesso e uso da informa����o. Para coletar os dados, elaborou-se um question��rio semi-estruturado com 25 quest��es, que versavam sobre o uso, dificuldades de acesso e recupera����o da informa����o, bem como a satisfa����o na utiliza����o dessa fonte informacional. Dentre os v��rios resultados obtidos, podemos destacar o fato de que a maioria dos mestrandos (71,8%) s�� teve contato com a BDTD somente no momento em que se encontrava cursando o mestrado e, somente 24,3%, tiveram contato durante a gradua����o. Estes resultados representam um problema, que pode afetar o bom desempenho do projeto BDTD, o qual consiste em disseminar e divulgar a produ����o cient��fica dos Programas de P��s-Gradua����o das Universidades P��blicas Brasileiras para a sua comunidade. Foi observado tamb��m, que os mestrandos oriundos do curso de Biblioteconomia tende a ter contato com a BDTD bem mais cedo do que mestrandos de outros cursos de gradua����o. A fim de minimizar o problema detectado, prop��e-se uma divulga����o mais eficaz na gradua����o atrav��s de dois procedimentos: Primeiro, o docente deve fazer uma divulga����o mais eficaz da BDTD junto aos discentes de todos os cursos de gradua����o; segundo: dever�� ser feita a divulga����o na m��dia eletr��nica, atrav��s da inser����o de ��cones da BDTD, nos portais dos Departamentos dos Cursos de Gradua����o das Universidades P��blicas Brasileiras. Acredita-se que com estes procedimentos seja poss��vel aperfei��oar o uso dessa fonte de informa����o cient��fica.