6 resultados para 12930-087
em Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN)
Resumo:
In the last decades, the oil, gas and petrochemical industries have registered a series of huge accidents. Influenced by this context, companies have felt the necessity of engaging themselves in processes to protect the external environment, which can be understood as an ecological concern. In the particular case of the nuclear industry, sustainable education and training, which depend too much on the quality and applicability of the knowledge base, have been considered key points on the safely application of this energy source. As a consequence, this research was motivated by the use of the ontology concept as a tool to improve the knowledge management in a refinery, through the representation of a fuel gas sweetening plant, mixing many pieces of information associated with its normal operation mode. In terms of methodology, this research can be classified as an applied and descriptive research, where many pieces of information were analysed, classified and interpreted to create the ontology of a real plant. The DEA plant modeling was performed according to its process flow diagram, piping and instrumentation diagrams, descriptive documents of its normal operation mode, and the list of all the alarms associated to the instruments, which were complemented by a non-structured interview with a specialist in that plant operation. The ontology was verified by comparing its descriptive diagrams with the original plant documents and discussing with other members of the researchers group. All the concepts applied in this research can be expanded to represent other plants in the same refinery or even in other kind of industry. An ontology can be considered a knowledge base that, because of its formal representation nature, can be applied as one of the elements to develop tools to navigate through the plant, simulate its behavior, diagnose faults, among other possibilities
Resumo:
Myofibroblasts are cells that exhibit a hybrid phenotype, sharing the morphological characteristics of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, which is acquired during a process called differentiation. These cells then start to express -SMA, a marker that can be used for their identification. Studies suggest that myofibroblasts are related to the aggressiveness of different tumors and that TGF-1 and IFN- play a role in myofibroblast differentiation, stimulating or inhibiting this differentiation, respectively. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of myofibroblasts in epithelial odontogenic tumors, correlating the presence of these cells with the aggressiveness of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of TGF-1 and IFN- in myofibroblast differentiation, as well as the expression of MMP-13, which is activated by myofibroblasts, and of EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer) as a precursor of this MMP. The sample consisted of 20 solid ameloblastomas, 10 unicystic ameloblastomas, 20 odontogenic keratocysts, and 20 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors. For evaluation of myofibroblasts, anti- -SMA-immunoreactive cells were quantified in connective tissue close to the epithelium. Immunoexpression of TGF-1, IFN-, MMP-13 and EMMPRIN was evaluated in the epithelial and connective tissue components, attributing scores of 0 to 4. The results showed a higher concentration of myofibroblasts in solid ameloblastomas (mean of 30.55), followed by odontogenic keratocysts (22.50), unicystic ameloblastomas (20.80), and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (19.15) (p=0.001). No significant correlation between TGF-1 and IFN- was observed during the process of myofibroblast differentiation. There was also no correlation between the quantity of myofibroblasts and MMP-13 expression. Significant correlations were found between MMP-13 and TGF-1 (r=0.087; p=0.011), between MMP- 13 and IFN- (r=0.348; p=0.003), as well as between EMMPRIN and MMP-13 (r=0.474; p<0.001) and between EMMPRIN and IFN- (r=0.393; p=0.001). The higher quantity of myofibroblasts observed in solid ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts and unicystic ameloblastomas suggests that these cells are one of the factors responsible for the more aggressive biological behavior of these tumors, although the myofibroblast population was not correlated with TGF-1, IFN-, MMP-13 or EMMPRIN. The correlation between MMP- 13 and TGF-1 suggests that the latter induces the expression of this metalloproteinase. The present results also support the well-established role of EMMPRIN as an inducer of MMP-13. Furthermore, the relationship between EMMPRIN and IFN- and between MMP-13 and IFN- suggests synergism in the antifibrotic effect of these markers
Resumo:
Objective: Evaluate the determinants of morbidity and mortality in an obstetric intensive care unit and professional medical skills of students/residents at a university hospital. Methods: observational cross - sectional with 492 pregnant/pue rperal women and 261 students/residents. Patients were admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit during a year, being informed about the proposals of the study and a questionnaire was applied. The analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and G raphPad6. Chi - square tests were used to evaluate risk factors and student t test evaluates resident/students' skills concerning the cognitive test and the Mini - Cex. Results: the main risk factors to near miss were: non - white race (OR = 2.527; RR = 2.342) ; marital status(married women) (OR = 7.968; RR = 7.113) , schooling (primary) (OR = 3.177 ; RR = 2.829) , from country town (OR = 4.643 ; RR = 4.087), low income (OR = 7014 ; RR = 5.554) , gestational hypertensive disorders (OR = 16.35 ; RR = 13.27) , re alization of pre - natal (OR = 5.023 ; RR = 4.254) and C - section before labor(OR = 39.21 ; RR = 31.25). In cognitive/Mini - cex analysis were noted significant difference in the performance of students on the subject (3.75 ± 0.93, 4.03 ± 0.94 and 4.88 ± 0.35). We still observed the best performance of residents, when compared to graduation students (p < 0.01). Conclusions: the prevalence of near miss was associated with socioeconomic/clinics factors and care issues, revealing the importance of interventions to improve these indicators. In addition, we suggest a better curriculum insertion of this subject in the medical Course disciplines due the importance to avoid the near miss through of adequacy of medical education.
Resumo:
A capacidade de mover-se com independência e segurança é fundamental para a execução das atividades de vida diária e manutenção da qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Diversos fatores, dentre eles o envelhecimento podem contribuir para seu declínio. Estudos têm demonstrado associação entre experiências de violência doméstica (VD) e diversos problemas de saúde física e mental. Até o momento, não há estudos que tenham avaliado a associação entre experiências de VD no curso de vida e limitações de mobilidade na senescência. OBJETIVOS: estimar a prevalência da VD (física e psicológica) em idosos, e avaliar o impacto da VD no curso de vida na limitação de mobilidade. MATERIAIS E MÉTODO: Estudo observacional analítico a partir da primeira coleta de dados do estudo longitudinal International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). Idosos (n = 1995) de ambos os sexos entre 65 e 74 anos de cinco localidades distintas (Kingston e Saint-Hyacinthe, Canadá; Tirana, Albânia; Maniazales, Colômbia; e Natal, Brasil) participaram do estudo. Dados sobre variáveis sociodemográficas, econômicas, condições de saúde e experiências de VD (física e psicológica) durante o curso de vida foram coletados. A limitação de mobilidade na senescência foi avaliada pelo Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) e pela dificuldade de andar 400 metros e/ou subir um lance de escadas. As prevalências foram avaliadas mediante frequências absolutas e relativas das exposições à VD, limitação de mobilidade e co-variáveis. Diferenças de gênero, bem como entre cidades foram analisadas utilizando o teste de qui-quadrado. Associação entre exposição à VD e limitação de mobilidade foi avaliada utilizando a regressão logística binária multivariada, ajustando pelas co-variáveis. Análise de mediação foram utilizadas, para avaliar possíveis caminhos entre a exposição à VD no curso de vida e a limitação de mobilidade. RESULTADOS: A violência física foi rara, com valores entre 0,63 e 0,85%. Relatos de violência psicológica variaram entre 3,2% e 23,5% (homens) e de 9% para 26% (mulheres). Mulheres experimentaram mais violência do que os homens em Saint-Hyacinthe (homens: 3,2% vs mulheres: 14%, p <0,001), Tirana (homens: 4,3% vs mulheres: 10,3%, p = 0,017), em Manizales (homens: 8,3 % vs mulheres: 18,3%, p = 0,004) e Natal (homens: 11,1% vs mulheres: 26%, p = 0,002). Em geral, o baixo suporte social pelo parceiro foi associado com a VD. Estar trabalhando foi associado a vitimização entre os homens, enquanto o oposto foi verdade para as mulheres. Arranjos de vida Multi-familiares e baixo suporte pelos parceiros, filhos e família foram associados com a VD. Baixo suporte social foi da maior importância para as mulheres do que os homens. A VD física foi associada tanto com o SPPB < 8 (OR 1,623 95%IC 1,161-2,269) como com a dificuldade para andar 400 metros e/ou subir um lance de escadas (OR 1,394 95%IC 1,063-1,829). A limitação de mobilidade decorrente da violência física no curso de vida pelo parceiro íntimo foi mediada pelas condições crônicas (efeito 25,56% 95%IC 0,036-0,277) e depressão (efeito 33,05% 95%IC 0,087-0,333). No caso da violência física por outros familiares, a limitação de mobilidade foi mediada pelas condições crônicas (efeito 20,85% 95%IC 0,022-0,202), não adesão à prática de atividades físicas (efeito 34,14% 95%IC 0,076-0,351) e depressão (efeito 44,40% 95%IC 0,144-0,315). CONCLUSÕES: A violência doméstica no curso de vida é uma realidade, que pode acarretar consequências que favorecem a limitação de mobilidade em idosos. São necessárias políticas públicas que combatam efetivamente a violência doméstica, garantindo um envelhecimento mais digno e independente funcionalmente.
Resumo:
Objective: To evaluate the inter-relationship between TMD (temporomandibular disorder), depression and sleep disorder. Methods: This is a case-control study with questionnaires in 111 patients, allocated from the Dentistry Department of UFRN, Natal, Brazil, from September 2014 to June 2015, for evaluation of depressive symptoms through the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory); sleep disorder, the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and DTM through the RDC / TMD (diagnostic criteria to search for DTM). All indexes were applied by a single examiner previously trained and calibrated. The collected data were analyzed with chi-square tests of Pearson (χ2) and the unconditional logistic regression. Results: women had a risk of 2.85 times more likely to develop TMD (p = 0.046). The OR (odds ratio) shows that sleep disturbance increases by 2.19 the chances of having TMD (p = 0.062) and depressive symptoms increase the risk by 3.16 times in developing dysfunction (p = 0.053). Conclusion: The data of this research allows us to conclude that patients with TMD, in this population, were more likely to develop changes in sleep and depressive symptoms.
Resumo:
In the last decades, the oil, gas and petrochemical industries have registered a series of huge accidents. Influenced by this context, companies have felt the necessity of engaging themselves in processes to protect the external environment, which can be understood as an ecological concern. In the particular case of the nuclear industry, sustainable education and training, which depend too much on the quality and applicability of the knowledge base, have been considered key points on the safely application of this energy source. As a consequence, this research was motivated by the use of the ontology concept as a tool to improve the knowledge management in a refinery, through the representation of a fuel gas sweetening plant, mixing many pieces of information associated with its normal operation mode. In terms of methodology, this research can be classified as an applied and descriptive research, where many pieces of information were analysed, classified and interpreted to create the ontology of a real plant. The DEA plant modeling was performed according to its process flow diagram, piping and instrumentation diagrams, descriptive documents of its normal operation mode, and the list of all the alarms associated to the instruments, which were complemented by a non-structured interview with a specialist in that plant operation. The ontology was verified by comparing its descriptive diagrams with the original plant documents and discussing with other members of the researchers group. All the concepts applied in this research can be expanded to represent other plants in the same refinery or even in other kind of industry. An ontology can be considered a knowledge base that, because of its formal representation nature, can be applied as one of the elements to develop tools to navigate through the plant, simulate its behavior, diagnose faults, among other possibilities
