Conhecimentos, atitudes e pr��ticas sobre contracep����o para adolescentes

Conhecer o fen��meno da gravidez no contexto da adolesc��ncia, considerando a import��ncia da contracep����o como valioso recurso depreven����o, �� uma abordagem que carece de aten����o e norteia esta pesquisa, cujoobjetivo �� avaliar a viv��ncia sexual dos adolescentes e uso de m��todos contraceptivos a partir do que eles conhecem sobre esses m��todos e de suas atitudes frente �� contracep����o. Trata-se de um estudo explorat��rio, conduzido com estudantesdo 7�� ao 9�� ano de escolaridade. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram constru��dos e validados com an��lise das melhores condi����es para obten����o derespostas coerentes. As vari��veis consideradas para an��lise foram: comunica����o, atitudes, conhecimentos sobre contracep����o, sexo, idade e comportamento sexual. As an��lises foram realizadas atrav��s dos c��lculos de frequ��ncia, testes de qui-quadrado, t de student e regress��o log��stica (considerou-se p<0,05). Os instrumentos foram validados com alfa de Cronbach de 0,70. Houve dificuldades para aobten����o de dados confi��veis nos auto-relatos dos sujeitos, verificando-se a necessidade de investigar a coer��ncia das repostas mesmo utilizando instrumentos j�� validados. Dos 570 participantes, 68,8% tinha at�� 14 anos. Apresentaram pouco conhecimento e atitudes desfavor��veis ou ambivalentes �� contracep����o. Apenas 65% conversaram sobre o tema e 21,4% declararam inicia����o sexual. Entre esses, a maioria (60,8%) tinha at�� 15 anos e 49,3% nunca usaram qualquer m��todo contraceptivo. N��o houve diferen��a significativa no uso da preven����o entre os que conversaram ou n��o sobre contracep����o (p= 0,201). Os resultados apontam adolescentes expostos n��o s�� �� gravidez, como �� DST e alerta para a necessidade deinterven����es que viabilizem uma orienta����o sexual capaz de promover compet��ncias para pr��ticas sexuais mais seguras. Al��m disso, este estudo alerta para a dificuldade em obter dados confi��veis em pesquisas com adolescentes e evidencia a import��ncia em se verificar a coer��ncia das respostas mesmo utilizando instrumentos validados

AN��LISE COMPARATIVA DO CONHECIMENTO, ATITUDES E PRECONCEITOS DE UNIVERSIT��RIOS DOS CURSOS DE PEDAGOGIA, EDUCA����O F��SICA E MEDICINA EM RELA����O �� EPILEPSIA

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the central nervous system, most frequently characterized by abnormal electrical impulses in the brain. It is the oldest recorded neurological disease and has been surrounded by myths, mistaken beliefs and preconceptions. Three professionals work with epileptic patients on a daily basis: teachers, physical educators and physicians . This study aimed to analyze and compare the level of knowledge, preconceptions and attitudes of undergraduate students in the courses of Pedagogy, Physical Education and Medicine, future professionals who will deal with epileptic patients. This descriptive observational study was conducted with 286 university undergraduates of both sexes (women 99/34.6% and men 187/65.4%) from the first to fourth year of Pedagogy, Physical Education and Medicine courses at the Universidade Estadual Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), with mean age of 23 years. A validated and adapted 17-question questionnaire, divided into nine knowledge-based questions, five related to preconceptions and three on attitudes, was applied. Results allowed elaboration of a manuscript entitled Comparative Analysis of Knowledge, Attitude and Preconceptions in University Undergraduates of Pedagogy, Physical Education and Medicine Courses in Relation to Epilepsy. The findings of this article show that knowledge of epilepsy in the three groups is very satisfactory. The low level of preconception indicates that educational or clarifying information is being transmitted, albeit by television, a layman s information vehicle, which has undoubtedly contributed to reducing the stigma of epilepsy through educational information. Results also suggest a lack of knowledge on how to act during a seizure, especially in education professionals. Although there are limitations in our sample, the relevance and contribution of this study is to call attention to the importance and need for these future professionals to be informed and learn correct attitudes with respect to epilepsy during their academic formation. This is essential at a time when the disease is being brought out of the shadows. This research was supported by the Office of the Dean of Teaching, and Deans of Pedagogy, Physical Education and Medicine at UERN. The research was made possible by the multidisciplinary interaction among a physical educator, child neurologist and statistician, all contributing to achieving the aims set out here

Entre a pot��ncia e o ato: atitudes pol��ticas e percep����es de mobiliza����o em Natal e Porto Alegre

The recent democratic process in Brazil made it as element for its consolidation the idea of participation. It requires a state model that included on its agenda democratic society participation in decision-making process, and a society that has as a principle based participatory civic consciousness. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of political participation in two Brazilian state capitals , Natal and Porto Alegre. Data were obtained through quantitative data from the application of 384 questionnaires in both capitals. We chose some variables that will form the basis for our study; Duties of a good citizen, a good citizen rights, Confidence, Index of socialization, exposure to media, degree of interest in politics; Mobilization; Associations. Already qualitative research sought to address the political, cultural and institutional of the two municipalities

O conhecimento e as atitudes das fam��lias de pacientes em tratamento em tuberculose na aten����o prim��ria �� sa��de

This study thus sought to examine knowledge about TB and attitudes of patients families in disease treatment in Primary Health Care in Natal- RN. To this end, a cross-sectional study was undertaken through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB and follow up by APS from Natal. The study subjects were recruited from a non-probabilistic way, by convenience, contemplating a sample of 50 families. Among the criteria considered for inclusion of subjects, older than 18 years were considered, as well as residing with the TB patient and in Natal and availability to participate in the research. Data collection was performed by own researcher and an assistant, through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB following the double independent digitalization of data. In the analytical phase, was initially conducted an exploratory phase and univariate data, with description of the position measurements (mean, median, mode) and dispersion (confidence interval and standard deviation). In bivariate analysis, it was conducted an intersection of dependent variables of knowledge e and changes of attitude dichotomous, with each of the independent variables, using contingency tables and calculating the chi-square test and, when appropriate, the Fisher exact test. In 2x2 tables, calculated the odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI). From the selected sample, 43 (86%) subjects were female, average age and median respectively of 46.64 and 46.50 years, 25 (50%) had elementary school. The knowledge expressed by family members about TB was considered satisfactory. However, the lack of interest of the family (54%) in seeking information about tuberculosis; the wrong way of reply in relation to the organism causing the disease (64%); the water content (62%) and contaminated food (54% ) as a means of spreading TB was a weakness identified in the investigation. Regarding the time of transmission, 90% of respondents indicated not know or answered wrong. From investigated independent variables, only two were associated with lack of knowledge of TB, and they did not have religion (OR: 0.146, 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.800) and income below 1, 7 minimum wages (OR: 0.155, 95% CI: 0.029 to 0.813). Thus they seem to exercise a protective effect on this outcome. As for the changes in attitude, most of the found variables had no association with statistical significance, except no internet access (OR: 0.212, 95% CI: 0,048-0, 935). Most attitudes were positive in relation to TB patient. Results have demonstrated weaknesses in TB care, which has taken on a more individual and welfare character. Data not only express health outcomes produced by health services, but also the political and social situation of the families that are affected by TB

Abordando as rela����es ctsa no ensino da qu��mica a partir das cren��as e atitudes de licenciandos: uma experi��ncia ormativa no Sert��o Nordestino

Este estudio investig�� las actitudes y creencias de los estudiantes universitarios en Ciencias Qu��micas por la Universidad de R��o Grande do Norte (UERN) como un paso hacia la elaboraci��n de una propuesta de material did��ctico para el estudio de las relaciones CTSA en la licenciatura en qu��mica. Para el conocimiento de las actitudes y creencias fue utilizado dos instrumentos (Escala Likert y un cuestionario), que proporcion�� un an��lisis dentro del nuevo paradigma de investigaci��n (cuantitativa y cualitativa) en la Ense��anza de la Ciencia y Matem��ticas. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes de licenciatura en qu��mica tienen creencias positivistas y que suelen son considerados por algunos como ingenuas, como la creencia en el modelo de decisi��n tecnocr��tica, la linealidad del desarrollo cient��fico y tecnol��gico que lleva a el bienestar social y neutralidad de los conocimientos cient��ficotecnol��gico. Bas��ndose en estos datos y la literatura sobre el tema se elaboraron tres m��dulos de aprendizaje: a) Cuestionando la hegemon��a del conocimiento t��cnico y cient��fico, b) Las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnolog��a, sociedad y medio ambiente - las relaciones CTSA c) Propuesta de tem��tica para la ense��anza de la qu��mica en una perspectiva de CTSA: El R��o Mossor��. Por ��ltimo, el material producido se utiliz�� en dos cursos ocurridos en el Campus Central en el Centro de Educaci��n Superior en S��o Miguel, ambos de UERN. Los participantes expresaron su aprobaci��n al enfoque trajo de el experimento propuesto y de el caso de simulaci��n contenidos en la propuesta de

Se inicia ora����o com pronome cl��tico? Atitudes lingu��sticas, na escola, em rela����o aos padr��es brasileiros de coloca����o pronominal

Focusing on the empirical assessment issue, proposed by Language change theory (cf. cf. WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2006; LABOV, [1972] 2008), this research assists to clarifying Portuguese teacher s attitudes in Natal- RN, regarding (a) to proclisis in three specific contexts: in the beginning of a simple/compound sentence (V1), after the subjects (SV), and proclisis after the secondary verb in complex verbal structures (V1V2); (b) to students who use such patterns in usage. Specific contexts were gathered thanks to their representing of the standard variety, as many studies have proven (Martins, 2012; Schei, 2003; Biazzoli, 2010, 2012). The research aims at: (i) verifying by means of a classroom assessment test, whether Portuguese teachers correct proclisis on referred contexts; (ii) identifying, via attitudinal tests what actions teachers take regarding to the usage of standards above mentioned, as well as students as users of those. Twenty Portuguese teachers, picked at random out of different of public schools in Natal-RN, responded to a classroom assessment test in addition to other two attitudinal ones. Results achieved point to a recurring high proclisis correction index of 50% in simple/compound sentences, even though such variety has been implemented to pronominal usage standards in Brazilian Portuguese. This setting of usage was generally assessed negatively, having no commonality between this assessment and the neutral one used by students. Unlike previous setting, the proclisis after subject did not receive any correction of the twenty teachers, what proves coherence with the positive evaluation both the varieties and the students attained. As for the second verb of complex verbal structures, proclisis correction went negative on presenting single results, despite their proximity, with correction indexes of 20% (infinite structures), 10% (present progressive structures) and 25% (participle structures). The assessment on these contexts of proclisis ranged between positive and neutral, also valid for the one students utilized. It means that proclisis in the beginning of simple/compound sentences are yet seemingly spotted in writing school scenario, much likely due to the negative evaluation, opposite to students . Later to subjects and earlier to secondary verbs in structures, proclisis appears to be acknowledged in writing school scenarios, which reflects on teachers assessment as compared to students who use proclisis in these contexts; being in general either positive or neutral

Atitudes e conhecimento dos consumidores sobre os alimentos irradiados: um inqu��rito conduzido em Natal, Brasil

The aim of this study is to assess the attitudes and knowledge of consumers about irradiated foods. The study sample corresponded to 65.52% women and the mean age was 41.82 (SD: 14.33) years. Only 66.9% of respondents consumers consult the list of ingredients on the label of packaged foods, and 13.4% of them said they had detected the phrase ���FOOD TREATED BY IRRADIATION PROCESS.��� Furthermore, 86.6% considered that irradiation becomes unsafe food and thus 94.9% of those not consume these foods, as well as 29.6% of those who felt otherwise. Women had a score of attitude towards irradiated foods less favorable than men. The television was considered the most efficient means of communication to report on irradiated foods. We conclude that consumers of the city of Natal lack information about food irradiation and acceptance of these products depends on how the policies are directed to food security and health education, including through the use of sources of mass information dissemination. The information on the labels of irradiated foods is controversial, although sufficient instruments for detection of irradiated foods by these consumers.