O olhar da criança sobre a brincadeira nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Vivência de mulheres em situação de cárcere penitenciário durante o período gestacional

The gradual increase of violence in Brazilian society has being resulting in a growing of the prison population over last years, as well as the proportion of women than men. The participation of women in crime and responsibilities within her family makes this phenomenon a growing social problem. Women prisoners are mostly young, in reproductive age, making pregnancy a recurrent situation while they are serving a sentence. The studies about female criminality are poor and not helpful about its real dimension, especially when targeted to women who experienced pregnancy in this environment. Given these considerations, this research had as its object of study the experience of women in prison during pregnancy: analyze the experience of women in prison during the gestational period. This is a descriptive and qualitative study. The data were sourced through a semi-structured interview with nine incarcerated women, between August and September 2011, who met the inclusion criteria previously established, and organized according to the precepts of content analysis according to Bardin. Through this coding and classification process became a central thematic: the experience of women in prison during pregnancy, resulting in three categories: category 1 interpersonal relationships; category 2 - feelings that permeate the pregnant woman in prison; and category 3 absence of health care to incarcerated pregnant. The data were analyzed according to the available literature and the study revealed that interpersonal relationships, maintained by these women in prison, were marked by distance from family members, primarily due to socioeconomic factors, being a challenge for addressing of pregnancy in prison and reports of abuse of power by employees working in the institution. The women, who experience pregnancy in prison are more likely to experience feelings of worry, doubts, sadness and fear for baby s health due to lack of antenatal care and about the prison environment structure to meet your needs. The health care aimed at these women is poor and often does not occur, endangering the baby s life and his own mother, this is being a troubling reality in public health system. Finally, it is expected that this study can give visibility to an issue rarely discussed in the literature and contribute to the construction of specific public policies for this reality, in order to minimize the effects of incarceration during pregnancy

Qualidade de vida medida pelo "WHOQOL-bref": estudo comparativo de pacientes em hemodiálise e pós-transplante renal

Exploratory descriptive study, prospective with quantitative approach, performed in the nefrology outpatient service from the Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL), Natal/RN, aiming to identify aspects that concern Quality of Life (QOL) on transplanted and hemodialysis patients, as measured by WHOQOL-bref and describe the aspects that differentiate QL between the two groups as measured by the same instrument. The population was of 62 renal patients in hemodialysis and 58 transplantd, with data collected from february to march 2006. The instrument used was WHOQOL-bref, translated to and validated for Portuguese by the multicentric group of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Brazil. The results show predominance of the masculine gender both in the post-transplant group (55,17%), as well as in the hemodialysis group (51,61%); the age strip of 28 to 43 prevailed, among which were 53,45% transplanted and 48,99% hemodialysis patients; 79,93% of the hemodialysis patients and 62,07% of the transplanted were provenient from ouside the capital of the state; from the hemodialysis population, 59,68% were married, while among the transplanted 48,28% were single; 58,06% of the hemodialisys patients had 1 to 3 children, while the majority of the transplanted, 44,83%, had no children; regarding scholarity level on both groups, there was a predominance of incomplete fundamental school, representing 62,9% of the hemodialysis patients and 46,6% of the transplanted; regarding work status, 98,39% of those in hemodialysis informed not to be working, and the same applied to the transplanted, with 75,86%; regarding treatment time, most patients of both populations were in the 1- to 4-year interval, of which were 62,9% of the hemodialisys patients and 53,45% of the transplanted. The analysis of WHOQOL-bref reliability through Crobach s Alpha coefficient had a value of 0,8816, demonstrating good internal consistency for the instrument. Regarding description of QOL tests, the average scores of the post-transplant were (Q-1) 18,14 e (Q-2) 18,69, and 12,3 (Q-1) and 11,29 (Q-2) for the group in hemodialisys. Regarding the aspects that differentiate QOL on the two groups observed through average scores from the Domains: Physical, 15,91 for the post-transplant group and 12,71 for the hemodialisys group; Psychological, 16,75 for the post-transplant group and 14,84 for the hemodialisys group; Social Relations, 17,79 on the post-transplant group and 16,58 on the hemodialisys group; Environment, 14,16 on the post-transplant group and 12,38 on the hemodialisys group. On every evaluated item, the post-transplant group achieved higher scores when compared to the hemodialisys group. The diference in QOL for both populations was significant on all items evaluated with a p<0,005

Segurança do paciente no sistema de medicação: análise de enfermeiros de um hospital de ensino

This study aimed to identify and describe the factors related to Patient Safety in a medication system according to the nurses analysis in a teaching hospital from the photographic analysis method. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with mixed approach in a teaching hospital in Rio Grande do Norte. The population consisted of 42 nurses from inpatient units, of which 34 composed the study sample. As eligibility criteria, we defined nurses from public service and nurses who agreed to participate. Ethical determinations were observed, the study was submitted to the Ethics and Research of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes, obtaining the assent with ethical assessment certificate (CAAE 0098.0.051.294-11). For data collection, we used the photographic method (Photographic Analysis Technique) by Patricia Marck (Canada). It was developed in two phases: at first, we randomly captured photos from the medication system, resulting in 282 images; then we selected/processed the photographs, which were reduced to 10 images in Microsoft Excel 2010; in the second phase, the nurses answered the questionnaire divided into socio-professional profile and Digital Photography Scoring Tool (questions a and b ). For analysis of the question a , we used the content analysis technique, and for b , we used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0 (temporary license). The socio-professional profile revealed the predominance of females; age group 34-43 years; professionals with specialization; 10-18 years of length of service; and nurses working exclusively in the hospital and who know the Patient Safety. The photographic analysis in relation to Patient Safety resulted in specific categories for each stage of the medication system. Regarding disposal, we identified Proper verification ; Improper verification ; Correct identification ; Disposal in single doses ; and Improper Environment , with predominance of that last category. As for storage: Proper storage ; Improper storage ; Risk of exchange/disappearance ; and Poor hygiene , with special reference to improper storage. In preparation: Risk of exchanging medication/patient ; Inappropriate physical space ; and Inadequate 9 preparation of controlled drugs , highlighting the first category. In drug administration: Lack of Personal Protective Equipment ; Use of Personal Protective Equipment ; Improper administration technique ; Proper administration technique ; Correct drug identification ; Incorrect drug identification ; and Peripheral venous access without identification . From the safety assessment of 10 photographs, by adapting the scores (1-10) to the Likert Scale, we identified three Totally Unsafe (Level 1), three Unsafe (Level 2), three Partially Safe (Level 3), one Safe (Level 4), and no photograph considered Totally Safe. This study identified the prevalence of unsafety in the medication system in the nurses opinion. We were also able to understand that, although nurses identify safety aspects, the most prevalent categories characterize an unsafe assessment. Nursing needs to reflect on its practice, identifying gaps in the medication system in order to achieve a proper and safe care

O cuidado compartilhado entre mães e educadoras de um centro municipal de educação infantil: uma pesquisa-ação

O cuidado à criança envolve a identificação e o atendimento às necessidades de modo a oferecer-lhe atenção como pessoa em contínuo processo de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Contudo, o cuidado oferecido à criança que convive em instituição escolar está permeado por conflitos que fragilizam a relação família-escola, não sendo estimulada a articulação desses atores no que refere ao cuidar da criança. Diante dessa problemática, objetivou-se analisar a construção de um pacto do cuidar entre mães e educadoras de crianças que frequentam um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, tendo como método a pesquisa-ação. Envolveu doze mães e oito educadoras de uma instituição de educação infantil de Cidade Nova, no município de Natal, no período de abril a novembro de 2013. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista grupo focal, observação participante, seminários e diário de campo. Os resultados foram analisados seguindo o direcionamento da análise temática freireana. Na etapa do diagnóstico situacional, que investigou a realidade vivenciada pelas participantes do estudo, percebeu-se que as educadoras não se sentem preparadas para lidar com aspectos de saúde-doença da criança e recusam as ações de cuidado como desempenho de suas funções, interpretada como uma atitude que ultrapassa sua competência profissional. Os pais, por sua vez, apresentaram dificuldade de entendimento e clareza da sua função e relação com a instituição e executam as ações de saúde sem associá-lo à promoção e prevenção, além de realizarem com conhecimento empírico. Vista a necessidade de mudança das ações de saúde prestadas à criança, decidiu-se conjuntamente, através de uma roda de conversa, realizar capacitações sobre higiene e limpeza, medidas caseiras no cuidado à criança e primeiros socorros. Na etapa de implementação da ação coletiva as participantes consideraram as atividades úteis no cuidado prestado à criança e perceberam a importância do cuidado compartilhado para o desenvolvimento infantil. Com o desenvolvimento das capacitações, as participantes sentiram a necessidade de sistematizar as atividades prestadas à criança nos problemas de saúde e, para tanto, foram construídos, conjuntamente, protocolos e procedimentos operacionais padrão para a formalizar as ações. Na etapa de avaliação dos encontros, constatou-se que há expectativas positivas para a continuidade do cuidado em comunhão entre pais e educadores, pois foram construídas novas percepções em relação ao cuidado da criança. Percebeu-se mudança considerável nas mães assíduas ao estudo quanto ao cuidado e interesse, no entanto tornaram-se evidentes as fragilidades no processo de trabalho do CMEI, pois emergiram a dificuldade existente nos membros que compõe a instituição de educação infantil de articular o cuidado à educação. Como principal dificuldade, elenca-se o alto índice de mães faltosas e a dificuldade de articular com outros profissionais de saúde para as atividades. Considera-se que o pacto de cuidar não foi implantado integralmente, pois partilhar cuidados sugere o encontro de pais e educadores que podem ter aspectos divergentes sobre necessidades infantis e desenvolvimento, o que requer constante negociação entre as partes. Nesse sentido, constitui-se em um processo contínuo de aperfeiçoamento entre família e instituição de educação infantil

Análise de estruturas de superfície delgadas axissimétricas via método dos elementos finitos com utilização de elemento retilíneo

The present work deals with the linear analysis of bi-dimensional axisymmetric structures, through development and implementation of a Finite Element Method code. The structures are initially studied alone and afterwards compatibilized into coupled structures, that is, assemblages, including tanks and pressure vessels. Examples are analysed and, in order to prove accuracy, the results were compared with those furnished by the analytical solutions

A expansão da agroindústria do mel no Rio Grande do Norte

The beekeeping activity has become in all regions of Brazil until the early 80s and from 2000 to beekeeping Northeast also has developed, becoming a major oil producing honey. The Rio Grande do Norte following these developments happened to occupy fourth place in the ranking of export of honey between the states of the Northeast in 2007. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a macro radiography of recent developments in the production chain of honey in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, organizing and discussing the information, collected in the period 2004 to 2007, as well as evaluating the prospect of the honey industry in order to provide a diagnosis able to identify opportunities and enhance the marketing of their products. From the methodological point of view, this study can be classified as a research study exploratory and descriptive by using questionnaires. The group of several studies has been productivity, production and market. Search results indicated the growth of industry in 4 years of activity by the number of beehives full and populated, infrastructure, production and marketing of the state. It can be said that beekeeping of Rio Grande do Norte, despite its potential for developing the activity comes in a different way when compared to other activities, because the actors who play to start the activity through training and to play with it in a professional manner, in addition to support staff who work in the industry