Experi��ncia, mem��ria e humor: representa����es sociais em as filhas do arco-��ris e em primeiras est��rias.

Este trabalho analisa rela����es da experi��ncia, mem��ria e humor e investiga representa����es da inf��ncia, da velhice, da loucura e do alcoolismo no romance As Filhas do Arco-��ris, de Eul��cio Farias de Lacerda e em contos de Primeiras Est��rias, de Guimar��es Rosa, destacando-se que meninos, velhos, cegos e loucos, mesmo marginalizados, podem ser encarados como atores sociais na forma����o das comunidades. Verifica-se que essas personagens constituem uma coletividade no sentido de evocar a representa����o de indiv��duos. Tamb��m se procura examinar pr��ticas liter��rias e culturais no ��mbito do sistema liter��rio brasileiro, com ��nfase em regionalismos, oralidade e considera����es sobre literatura e sociedade. �� desse modo que se busca observar que as obras destacadas est��o inseridas numa discuss��o moderna acerca do desenvolvimento sociocultural. Portanto, a preocupa����o desta pesquisa deriva da discuss��o moderna acerca do desenvolvimento social. Diante disso, observa-se nos textos de Guimar��es Rosa e de Eul��cio Farias um tratamento narrativo em torno dessas personagens, enfatizando que as situa����es vividas por eles envolvem experi��ncias que os levam a construir, em rela����o ao contexto social, aspectos de amadurecimento, rememora����o, compartilhamento, encantamento, viagem ao desconhecido, movimentos hist��ricos, alegrias e tristezas, sempre demonstrando uma sintonia com a tem��tica da modernidade. Assim, as condi����es sociais s��o interpretadas para evidenciar e confrontar: discrimina����o, amizade, conflito, respeito, marginaliza����o, mem��ria social. Ainda s��o estabelecidas compara����es entre personagens do romance As Filhas do Arco-��ris com as de alguns contos de Primeiras Est��rias, salientando-se considera����es sobre o narrador, as inter-rela����es, regionalismo e rela����es entre literatura, organiza����o e processo social. Esta pesquisa tem por base o conceito de sistema liter��rio consolidado idealizado por Antonio Candido e os postulados de estudiosos e te��ricos como: Walter Benjamin, Jacqueline Held, Mikhail Bakhtin, Roland Barthes, Ana Paula Pacheco, Serge Moscovici, Fran��ois Laplantine, Liane Trindade

A crian��a e o brinquedo-TV: an��lise sobre o discurso publicit��rio direcionado para a inf��ncia na Rede Globo de Televisão

Esta investigaci��n es un an��lisis del contexto actual que rodea a la publicidad brasile��a, m��s concretamente, la publicidad discurso televisivo dirigido a los ni��os en Brasil. An��lisis de los documentos se basa en la revisi��n ret��rica (Leach, 2004) (SODRE, 2006) A partir de la primera supuesta inadecuaci��n de algunos de sus contenidos al p��blico para que se comunican. Tambi��n investiga las posibilidades de regulaci��n y la educaci��n del consumidor y el papel de los medios de comunicaci��n en la sociedad mediante la movilizaci��n exigiendo el cumplimiento y la mejora de la legislaci��n vigente, evitando los posibles abusos y distorsiones de las secciones generales de la ley. Hemos llevado a cabo por separado se analiza en los ni��os y sus conceptualizaciones y la funci��n social, abordando tambi��n el juguete y el acto de jugar hoy y su sede hist��rica en un intento de crear una fundaci��n que apoya el an��lisis de la relaci��n entre la infancia y la publicidad y el consumo, basado en obras de Roger Silverstone, Kapferer, Leontiev y Walter Benjamin. Tambi��n se hicieron inferencias basadas en estudios de Pablo Del R��o, sobre las posibles consecuencias psicol��gicas del consumo de medios por los ni��os, sin embargo, en arvorarmos llevar a cabo investigaciones en el estudio de la recepci��n. Se enfrentar��n, tanto en acciones a favor de la aprobaci��n de la Ley 5.921/2001 N �� Suplente sugiere que la prohibici��n de la publicidad infantil en todo el pa��s, los enfoques ampliamente "integrado" y por lo tanto, favorables a la continuidad de la actividad publicitaria en el pa��s bajo la acci��n de la CONAR de autorregulaci��n, lo que demuestra sin embargo, la viabilidad de ambas propuestas. Tambien relativa a el CONAR se llev�� a cabo un estudio sobre su Consejo Asesor, dando a entender su composici��n y caracter��sticas. Por ��ltimo, se estudian las posibilidades y el concepto de la educaci��n para el consumo de los medios de comunicaci��n, a partir de la utilizaci��n de los recursos de los propios medios de comunicaci��n, como una propuesta para un cambio de paradigma en el mercado de la publicidad en Brasil. En conclusi��n, vemos que a partir del an��lisis de la publicidad comercial de los ni��os atendidos por la Red Globo de Televisi��n, en una muestra de 170 inserciones, todav��a existen graves lagunas, pero que los desequilibrios se pueden resolver con medidas relativamente sencillas que incluyan campa��as de educaci��n y la exigencia de adecuaci��n de los pocos grandes anunciantes que violan la ley. Afortunadamente, una nueva entrega de los anunciantes mostr�� la responsabilidad social en sus acciones

Cinema itinerante no Rio Grande do Norte: aspectos da recep����o

In itinerant film projects made in Brazil, the unique experience of watching movies on the big screen is held in open spaces, through the establishment of a contemporary ritual, under which the presence of spectators is primordial. Considering this dynamic of the performance of itinerant cinema, the main objective of this research is to analyze the process of reception of the spectators of the sessions of Cine Sesi Cultural, conducted by the Social Service Industry - Sesi, in Rio Grande do Norte state. The body of research was composed by the audience of the movie sessions of the edition developed in 2010. Analyses were made from the look on the specific audience of open sessions of this cinema project throughout a case study. Theoretical authors of Latin American as Jesus Martin-Barbero, Guillermo Orozco, Eliseo Veron and Nestor Garcia Canclini, which have important theoretical basis for the analysis of research on the cinematographic reception of the spectators, were taken as a basis. In this discussion are associated with contributions from Brazilian authors as Roseli Paulino, Fernando Mascarello, Mauro Wilton Souza, Nilda Jacks and Carolina Escostesguy. Besides the reception study, the research focuses on aspects that relate to and explain the circumstances in which itinerant cinema emerges as an alternative exhibition, for example, the context of the exhibition of films in the country, lack of public policies in the audiovisual sector, and mainly the closing of movie theaters in the inner cities of the country and the consequent migration of these rooms to the malls. Seeking to reduce the existing gap in the studies of the reception of spectators to the cinema in the country, this research presents a deeper analysis of the reception of the public of the itinerant cinema as a contribution to an important database for the diagnosis of projects such as the Cine Sesi Cultural

Comunicar e interagir em novos espa��os: o uso das m��dias sociais no Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFRN

This study discusses about the practice of communication in libraries from the appropriation of the resources of web 2.0, particularly social media, establishing from the aspects of mediatization new communication scenarios in their environments. Aims at understanding how in the contemporary society, the libraries, that symbolize traditional space in the search for information and knowledge, modify their contexts through technological resources involved in your scenario, and specifically checks as the process of mediatization is inserted into the communication practices and interaction of libraries, noting the relevance of the ownership of social media, especially twitter and facebook, by the libraries of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN. Use as methodological procedures, a theoretical approach concerning the conceptual research to investigate issues relating to social media, communication practice, mediatization and network society, and is characterized by being a descriptive exploratory research, of qualitative nature with adoption of the inductive method, using interviews and direct observation, analyzing reconfiguration scenario of university libraries located in UFRN. Thus, with the of the study, expected to be possible to give an overview of how to establish the use of social media in the scenario investigated by checking the new possibilities of communication, outreach services, information dissemination and interaction with user

O tratamento odontol��gico sob o olhar da crian��a :um estudo de representa����es sociais

Oral health measures directed to children are characterized by the lack of policies that consider the individual and his biopsychosocial aspects. As a consequence, it can be observed that a child��s dental experience has normally been prejudged as unpleasant and threatening. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating dental treatment from the child��s viewpoint using the theory of social representations for theoretical/methodological support. This theory was selected for being able to build practical knowledge surrounding the interrelations between social actors, the phenomenon and the world around them. The investigation was performed at the Professor Jos�� Fernandes Machado State School, located in the Ponta Negra district of Natal-RN-Brazil. The participants consisted of 30 children from the public elementary school system in the 6-10 year age group, who had undergone dental treatment within the previous year or were being treated at the time of data collection. An in-depth interview and story drawing within a theme were used as collection instruments. Thematic Content Analysis (Bardin, 2002) was used to analyze the material collected in the interviews, whereas for story drawing within a theme, in addition to content analysis, the data were also analyzed by the Coutinho model (2001). The two instruments demonstrated similarity of content as well as complementarity and contained categories associated to the model for dental treatment in children, the description of the dental office environment., the perception of the image of the dentist, as well as psychological and behavioral manifestations. The results enable us to understand determinate reactions of the children in relation to dental treatment, which has been characterized by its technical-curative approach, where the motive for seeking treatment, the manner in which it is performed and the relation of the dentist with the child are all in evidence. Thus, this study intends not only to reveal the viewpoint of children faced with dental treatment, but also to contribute to a dental practice directed towards them, in this way instilling in the professionals who attend them a more concrete awareness of the needs, anxieties and feelings of these young patients

L��gica por tr��s dos contratos sociais

Natural selection shapes body and behavior of each species. For primates, the social environment constituted one of the greatest selective pressure for the development of their cognition. When we consider gender differences, we see that sexual selection also operates through different selective pressures for men and women not only in physical terms but in terms of cognitive skills. Among these, the primary cognitive abilities - that emerge naturally - and secondary - that rely on an artificial environment for learning - develop differently for each sex, making them suitable for specific tasks in different capacities. Previous studies utilized the Wason Selection Test a conditional logic tool - to measure, among several other things, the ability to recognize violation of rules in abstract contexts and social contexts. Subjects generally had better performance in the latter, however, in these studies possible differences motivated by learning in formal logic or genre were not considered. Our study investigated these two variables, as well as the time spent to solve each task. Furthermore, we used an index to take into account the rights and wrongs of the participants in tasks. We realized that although learning in formal logic does not bring significant differences in solving tests, the gender differences are strongly observed when we consider the social contexts and abstract. Women perform better in social tasks. This can be explained due to different sexual selective pressures for this gender in terms of one-on-one relationships within the group. Men are better at tasks of abstract context and this is probably due to the same reason. Their capabilities for territory defense, habitat navigation and forming coalitions depends on primary cognitive abilities that support secondary cognitive skills of abstraction. Thus, gender differences are a factor to be taken into account in controlling future experiments with the same tool

A aprecia����o musical infantil: aspectos da constitui����o da inf��ncia contempor��nea no discurso de crian��as do Ensino Fundamental

Music can be found in peculiar historical and social context with distinct functions, such as religious rituals, ethic-esthetic education of subjects, therapeutic elements, critic and maintenance of established patterns, among others. Considered as language, music acts on dialogue dimensions of the body, the senses, the affectionate-cognitive and of social interactions. Their uses reveal the social forces that cross the culture and constitution of subjectivities. The attribution of senses by the subjects to musical production reveals the cultural voices in dialogue, that circumscribe determined social places to them. Our aim in this work is to investigate the child musical appreciation, with children about 7 to 9 years old, and, by attributing uses and senses to music, unveil the voices that settle the places intended and assumed by infancy in contemporaneity The child constructs its musical appreciation through cultural access and mediation, possible by circulation in several socializing groups like family, school, church, infant groups, community groups and, more recently, publicity and media These last two spheres, enabled by the development of the technological means of communication, contributed to the dissemination of the set of consume ideas and for the emergence of the cultural industry, characteristic of the capitalistic production way in its present configuration. They develop new possibilities of perception of the world, in which the limits between childhood and adulthood are not anymore the same that have been established in previous centuries. So, the child musical appreciation is constituted by homogeneity regarding the senses built and disseminated by cultural industry and by the logical merchandizing, and singularities, associated to the construction of senses in interaction with global, local, and multiple contexts, through which the subject circulates and constitutes himself polyphonically

O est��gio n��o-obrigat��rio na forma����o profissional dos(as) assistentes sociais: trabalho precarizado ou processo did��tico-pedag��gico?

Coexisten, en el universo acad��mico, pr��cticas curriculares obligatorias y no obligatorias que pueden ser remuneradas o no. Delante de la constataci��n de lagunas en la concepci��n, gesti��n y operacionalizaci��n de las pr��cticas no obligatorias remuneradas, escogimos este tema como objeto de nuestra investigaci��n, tratando de analizarlo en el contexto de los cambios sociohist��ricos contemporaneos y su influencia en la cualidad de la formaci��n profesional del estudiante de la carrera de Servicio Social. Este estudio tiene como ��locu�� de investigaci��n la Facultad de Servicio Social del Estado de Rio Grande del Norte (FASSO/UERN). Este estudio se caracteriza por la adopci��n de una perspectiva de an��lisis cualitativa, con la expectativa de develarlo mucho m��s all�� de lo que se muestra en su aparecncia. Para esto, realizamos revisi��n de literatura, an��lisis de documentos, observaci��n asistem��tica y entrevistas con estudiantes y profesionales de las entidades que ofrecen pr��cticas a los estudiantes. Adem��s se incluy��, en los procedimientos metodol��gicos, la aplicaci��n de encuestas y conversaciones informales. Constatamos la existencia de lagunas en el desarrolllo de las pr��cticas no obligatorias remuneradas, ocasionadas por la ausencia de supervisi��n y por la inclusi��n de pasantes en sectores y/o actividades desvinculadas de su futura profesi��n. La investigaci��n nos permiti�� desvelar situaciones en las que la oferta de plazas ocurre en detrimento de la contrataci��n de empleados, lo que configura un distanciamento de este componente curricular del ��rea de formaci��n profesional, desvirtuando su car��cter educacional. Cientes de la coexistencia contradictoria entre situaciones ventajosas y problem��ticas en las pr��cticas no obligatorias remuneradas para el proceso de formaci��n profesional de los asistentes sociales, concluimos que esta modalidad de pr��ctica cuando vinculada a la intervenci��n de la facultad y bajo la supervisi��n de asistentes sociales, independiente de sus implicaciones en los intereses del mercado, potencializa el desarrollo de competencias y habilidades intr��nsecas al proceso de formaci��n profesional; pero si distanciada del ��rea de formaci��n y/o sin el debido acompa��amiento did��ctico-pedag��gico establece poca o ninguna relaci��n con la formaci��n de los asistentes sociales. Pero, incluso distanciadas del ejercicio y de la formaci��n acad��mica en el ��rea de servicio social y/o (llenas de aspectos fr��giles) llenas de fallas en el proceso de ense��anza y aprendisaje, estas experiencias ejercen profunda influencia en la formaci��n de los asistentes sociales, pudiendo fragilizar el compromiso con el proyecto ��tico-pol��tico, diseminar el aspecto subalterno de la profesi��n y hacer confuso y conflictivo el proceso de construcci��n de la identidad profesional. En este sentido, las inversiones de capital para reducir los gastos con mano de obra, las dificultades vividas por las universidades p��blicas brasile��as para garantizar la cualidad de la ense��anza delante de la insuficiencia de recursos humanos y materiales y la desvalorizaci��n de los componentes no obligatorios del proceso de formaci��n profesional de los asistentes sociales, son factores que obstaculizan el reconocimiento y la materializaci��n del potencial did��ctico-pedag��gico de las pr��cticas

A organiza����o sindical dos assistentes sociais no Brasil: dilemas e desafios contempor��neos

This paper discusses the dilemmas and challenges of the union of social workers in contemporary Brazil. The study is supported by the theme in a literature search, especially productions that deal with the trade union movement of workers in the brazilian reality, as well as on field research, which consisted of interviews with national trade union leaders of the CUT and CONLUTA as also representatives of national organizations representing the professional category of social workers, notably CFESS, ABEPSS ENESSO and a labor union and the national category, FENAS. The analysis of the object is oriented in the perspective of totality, considering its founding and contradictory aspects of the current socio-historical dynamics. The inflections occurred in the razilian Labor Movement in the early 1990s, during which the offensive of capital, characterized by the fusion of flexible accumulation and the dictates of neoliberal policy is established in the country, caused a profound shock in life and organization of the class working. The major repercussions of this process are evident today in the form of defensive organization of trade union struggles, notably fragile and fragmented. In the case of the category of social workers is symptomatic of the political backlash, experienced the process of reopening their unions and the creation of FENAS. This definition, part of the analysis that considers more strategic perspective of class organization, corporate antiunionism of the mass of the 1980s, built, largely, by category and expressed by the extinction of their union and unification to the broader struggles of workers with transition to unionization by industry. Given this reality, we analyze the performance of the political perspectives of the brazilian labor movement, from the characterization of organizational arrangements for trade union struggles and situate this process, the motion to reopen union of social workers, from the emergence of FENAS. Therefore, we aimed to identify the particular and the ideological and political perspectives that make up the dilemma of the trade union movement from this reopening, as corresponds to a political trend, largely, overcome within the brazilian social work

Aspectos constitucionais da anula����o de decis��o definitiva da administra����o p��blica federal no processo tribut��rio

Cet article traite de la possibilit�� de proposer le Tr��sor �� la justice pour annuler une d��cision administrative d��finitive sur les questions fiscales. Il s'agit d'un sujet qui s'oppose au principe de la v��rit�� mat��rielle - qui doit pr��valoir en cas d'imp��t - avec une certitude morale repr��sent��e par la chose jug��e administrative. Commence par le processus administratif d'imp��t comme une garantie constitutionnelle du contribuable, ins��r��e dans le panorama d une comp��tence adopt��e dans la l��gislation br��silienne en tant que pilier de l'Etat de droit d��mocratique. Met l'accent sur la position du Tr��sor avant l'autorit�� de la chose jug��e administrative, ce qui d��montre la fragilit�� de La d��cision finale sur les questions fiscales. D��crit les effets de la r��vision (ou de l'annulation) d��s actes administratifs, en particulier la lib��ration de l'imp��t et de la d��cision administrative qui vise �� le confirmer. Enfin, nous discuterons de la composition et la l��gitimit�� du contentieux administratif, en conclusion, avec le soutien de la pr��valence d'un fait important dans le c��s d'imp��t, est non seulement possible, mais le Tr��sor devrait examiner leurs propres actions si n��cessaire