Aplica����o de res��duo industrial para isolamento t��rmico: uma proposta para utiliza����o do poliuretano de mamona com agregado de res��duo pl��stico termofixo

A aplica����o de isolantes t��rmicos em sistemas construtivos promove vantagens com vistas ao conforto t��rmico de ambientes. E com isso, o aumento da produtividade em locais de trabalho, a sensação de bem-estar e a diminui����o dos custos com climatiza����o. A demanda por conforto ambiental, no ��mbito da isola����o t��rmica, somada ao advento de novas leis que regulam os requisitos m��nimos de conforto, as exig��ncias dos consumidores pela ado����o de m��todos de produ����o mais ���limpos���, a fiscaliza����o quanto �� destina����o de res��duos industriais, al��m da inser����o de produtos no mercado com apelos ambientais, incentivaram o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa. O presente trabalho trata da aplica����o do poliuretano, visando comparar o desempenho t��rmico do derivado de origem vegetal (��leo de mamona) com adi����o de res��duo pl��stico termofixo em diferentes propor����es (5%, 10%, 15% e 20%), com o poliuretano petrol��fero, a l�� de vidro e a l�� de rocha atrav��s da an��lise de suas propriedades t��rmicas (condutividade t��rmica ��� k, difusividade t��rmica ��� e capacidade calor��fica ��� Cp). . Ap��s a realiza����o dos ensaios, os comp��sitos estudados foram mo��dos e reutilizados como carga para novos comp��sitos. Com base nos resultados dos ensaios de propriedades t��rmicas, constatou-se que o material desenvolvido conduz menos calor que o poliuretano de petr��leo, a l�� de vidro e a l�� de rocha, al��m de oferecer alta in��rcia t��rmica, bom desempenho t��rmico e baixo custo. Assim como foi comprovada a possibilidade de fabrica����o de novos comp��sitos para fins de isolamento, reutilizando os comp��sitos testados

A experi��ncia do usu��rio idoso no design de jogo digital para a reabilita����o neural de pacientes com quadro de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)

Stroke is nowadays one of the main causes of death in Brazil and worldwide. During the rehabilitation process, patients undergo physioterapic exercises based on repetition, which may cause them to feel little progress is being made. Focusing on themes from the areas of Human-Computer Interaction and Motor Imagery, the present work describes the development of a digital game concept aimed at motor rehabilitation to the neural rehabilitation of patients who have suffered a stroke in a playful and engaging way. The research hypothesizes that an interactive digital game based on Motor Imagery contributes to patients' raised commitment in the stroke sequel rehabilitation process. The research process entailed the investigation of 10 subjects who live with sequels caused by stroke - it was further established that subjects were over 60 years old. Using as foundation an initial survey regarding target-users' specificities, where an investigation on subjectrelated aspects was carried out through Focus Group (n=9) and Contextual Analysis (n=3), having as subjects elderly individuals, a list with the necessary requirements for the conceptualization of a digital game was fleshed out. The initial survey also enabled the establishment of preliminary interactions for the formulation of game prototypes. At first, low-resolution prototypes were used, with two distinct interaction models for the game - one with a direct approach to the Motor Imagery concept, and another using a narrative with characters and scene settings. The goal was to verify participants' receptivity regarding the addition of playful activities into game dynamics. Prototypes were analyzed while being used by five patients, through the Cooperative Evaluation technique. The tests indicated a preference for option with elements in a playful narrative. Based on these results high fidelity prototypes were created, where concepts close to the game's final version were elaborated. The High Fidelity prototype was also evaluated with four patients through the Cooperative Evaluation technique. It was concluded that elderly individuals and patients were receptive to the idea of a digital game for the rehabilitation from sequels caused by stroke; that, for the success of devices aimed at these cohorts, their contexts, needs and expectations must be respected above all; and that user-centered design is an essential approach in that regard.

O conforto do idoso em p��s-operat��rio na perspectiva do enfermeiro

Objetivou-se identificar o cuidado realizado pelo enfermeiro para o conforto de pacientes idosos em p��s-operat��rio. Especificamente objetivou-se: 1) Identificar a perspectiva dos enfermeiros sobre os desconfortos nos contextos f��sico, psicoespiritual, ambiental e sociocultural evidenciados em idosos no p��s-operat��rio; 2) Verificar as caracter��sticas definidoras e os fatores relacionados inseridos ao diagn��stico de enfermagem conforto prejudicado, identificados pelos enfermeiros no idoso em p��s-operat��rio; 3) Identificar as interven����es de enfermagem para promo����o do conforto ao idoso em p��s-operat��rio realizadas pelos enfermeiros no seu cuidar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa explorat��ria, descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida em um hospital universit��rio do Munic��pio de Natal/RN, Brasil. A popula����o foi constitu��da pelos 30 enfermeiros que trabalhavam em unidades de interna����o cir��rgica e terapia intensiva e que prestavam atendimento �� pacientes idosos em p��s-operat��rio. Consideraram-se crit��rios de inclus��o: ter tempo m��nimo de seis meses de atividade no setor e fazer parte da escala de servi��o no per��odo da coleta dos dados. Como crit��rios de exclus��o: estar de licen��a ou f��rias no momento da coleta de dados. Toda popula����o formou o grupo de sujeitos do estudo. A coleta de dados foi concretizada em maio e junho de 2014 utilizando um question��rio autoexplicativo, composto por quatro partes: I - Caracteriza����o dos enfermeiros; II - Necessidades de conforto do idoso no p��s-operat��rio; III - Diagn��stico de Enfermagem; IV - Interven����es de enfermagem. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comit�� de ��tica em Pesquisa (CEP) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, sob CAAE25976613.7.0000.5537. Os dados foram tabulados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 e apresentados utilizando-se frequ��ncias, percentuais e medidas de tend��ncia central. Os resultados mostram que 96,7% dos enfermeiros conceituaram conforto como sin��nimo de bem-estar. Houve maior frequ��ncia do desconforto dor (100%), ru��dos excessivos (56,7%), sensação de deslocamento do ambiente residencial (76,7%) e ansiedade (93,3%). Os enfermeiros evidenciaram como sinais e sintomas que caracterizam o desconforto do idoso ap��s cirurgia, principalmente: dor (75,9%), inquieta����o (58,6%), sinais vitais (41,4%) e ansiedade (34,5%). O principal fator relacionado foi o efeito secund��rio relacionado ao tratamento (88%). As principais interven����es realizadas foram: ouvir atentamente (100%) e controle da dor (100%). Estas foram igualmente analisadas como priorit��rias para esta a����o de cuidado, na porcentagem de 76,7% e 66,7%, respectivamente. Conclui-se que os enfermeiros identificam os desconfortos que afetam os idosos no p��s-operat��rio na diversidade dos contextos estudados, com uma ��nfase maior aos desconfortos f��sicos e em especial, a dor. Al��m disso, possuem uma percep����o ampliada sobre os poss��veis sinais e sintomas apresentados pelos idosos em p��s-operat��rio quando est��o desconfort��veis, uma vez que evidenciam outras 12 caracter��sticas n��o previstas no Diagn��stico de Enfermagem Conforto prejudicado e tamb��m identificam os fatores relacionados a estes desconfortos. Entretanto, apesar de afirmarem que realizam interven����es para ameniz��-los e as registrarem, estes dados n��o podem ser afirmados que se trata de um padr��o da pr��tica destes profissionais, uma vez que n��o foi realizado a observa����o do cuidado prestado a esta clientela nem avalia����o dos prontu��rios.

A rela����o entre transtorno da ins��nia e fun����es executivas em adultos

The insomnia disorder is defined as a difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or waking up earlier than expected unable to return to sleep, followed by a feeling of nonrestorative and poor quality sleep, present for at least three months, with consequences on daytime functioning. Studies have shown that insomnia affects cognitive function, especially executive functions. However, researches that sought to investigate the relationship between primary insomnia and executive functioning were quite inconsistent from a methodological point of view, especially in regard to the variability of the used methods, the heterogeneity of diagnostic criteria for insomnia and the control of sleep altering drugs. In this sense, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insomnia and executive functions in adults. The participants were 29 people, from both genders, aged 20-55 years old. Participants were divided into three groups, one composed of 10 people with primary insomnia who used sleep medication (GIM), nine people with primary insomnia who did not use medication (GInM) and 10 healthy people who composed the control group (CG). The research was conducted in two stages. The first one involved a diagnostic evaluation for insomnia disorder through a clinical interview and the application of the following protocols: the Athens Insomnia Scale, the Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Journal (for 14 days), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Stanford Sleepiness Test, depression and anxiety Beck inventories, and Lipp���s Iventory of stress symptoms for adults. After this stage, the evaluation of executive functions was performed by applying a battery of neuropsychological tests composed by the following tests: Wisconsin, Stoop Test, Colored trails Test, the Tower of London Test, Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and WAIS III subtest digit span, which measured selective attention, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, problem solving, decision making and working memory, respectively. The results showed that insomniacs (GIM and GInM) showed higher sleep latency, shorter sleep duration and lower sleep efficiency compared to the CG. In regard to the performance in executive functions, no statistically significant difference between groups was observed in the evaluated modalities. However, the data show evidence that, compared to GInM and GC, the performance of GIM was lower on tasks that required quick responses and changes in attention focus. On the other hand, GInM, when compared to GIM and GC, showed a better performance on tasks involving cognitive flexibility. Furthermore, impaired sleep measures were correlated with the worst performance of insomniacs in all components evaluated. In conclusion, people with the insomnia disorder showed a performance similar to healthy people���s in components of the executive functioning. Thus, one can infer that there is a relationship between primary insomnia and executive functions in adults.

O canto dos vestibulandos em 140 caracteres: linguagem e constru����o de identidades no Twitter

The revolution caused by the internet and its various social networks eventually bring forth fruitful reflections on cyberculture and the power of identity construction. What seemed purely fashion has become way of being, representation of self, reality creation (L��vy, 1996). Considering language as a social phenomenon, which occurs through interaction, as explicit in Bakhtin (1929), the speech aired on social networks shapes the profile of their users, constructing identities which, according to Hall (2006), are multiple and non-permanent . This research seeks to examine the use of Twitter by school students, developing a reflection on the construction of their own identities in cyberspace. The subjects are students of Educand��rio Nossa Senhora das Vit��rias, private school in Ass��/RN, all graduates from high school. Understanding the Vestibular year as a decisive and a reflection engine ever present about their condition of students, subjects eventually express their anxieties, fears and perspectives in the virtual environment, providing us with enough material to analyze how they are high school students, expectations for appropriate selection processes, plus several representations belonging to the school environment. From the discourse conveyed on Twitter expressed in Featured posts, this study reveals the identities of high school students that emerge from it, which led the cast of some evidence. From them, despite the multiplicity of identities observed, presented some common aspects that corroborate the requirements provided for specific objectives, such as: feeling of belonging to a group - class and school; change of routine and behavior towards education; desecration of traditional teaching practices; changing the identity of students'writings. The analysis of postings enables us to know the perceptions of students regarding the school, the disciplines , the pace of studies, interest in school practices, and from such evidence, the perception of how vestibular modify your daily life and a fondness their identities as school students.

Vulnerabilidade socioambiental no munic��pio de Natal, RN

Contemporary society lives surrounded by various types of risks, causing individuals to be taken by a constant feeling of fear and insecurity, as the negative risks, always bring some harm to the population directly or indirectly involved. The city of Natal has several risk areas, especially on the outskirts of the city, due to the occupation of spaces that have laws and / or natural physical limitations as well as the lack of urban organization, thus increasing the vulnerability of the population living in these areas. The principal objective of this research was to map the areas of social vulnerability and natural hazards in Natal, taking into account the interrelationships between social vulnerability and differential exposure to natural hazards. Therefore, it was necessary to establish, according to the methodology used, the degree of social vulnerability and vulnerability to natural hazard in which individuals are subject, to establish the relationship between society/ risks. In this case, the methodology proposed by Crepani (2001) which is based on ecodynamic Tricart (1977), which classifies the areas of risk and the degree of vulnerability of these areas according to the morphodynamic processes for preparation of the Vulnerability Index was used Physical natural, and for organizing the social Vulnerability Index adopted an adaptation of the Paulista social Vulnerability Index, prepared by SEADE (Funda����o Sistema Estadual de An��lise de Dados) of the State of S��o Paulo, drawing on data that denote social disadvantage at the census tract level. Then, with the superposition of these two indices, it was elaborated a Socioenvironmental Vulnerability Index. Thus, it is concluded that besides spatialize areas of risk which indicates the degree of vulnerability of individuals potentially exposed to natural hazard.

Governan��a metropolitana e sustentabilidade: uma an��lise da gest��o dos res��duos s��lidos em Natal e Parnamirim

Nowadays the rapid growth of urban centers, the accumulation of social and environmental demands, the relationship between public policy and increasingly complex problems accentuates the feeling that cities undergo an urban crisis. This crisis is especially characterized by its multidimensionality, which goes through economic, cultural, ethical, environmental and, above all, political issues. In order to study the core of this crisis that is manifested by the urbanization process and has in its exacerbation on the metropolitan areas was conducted conceptual and theoretical study of the meaning of sustainable development applied to the everyday reality of cities, extracting from this debate concepts, such as: sustainable territorial development, administrative sustainability and political sustainability. Looking forward to test this the practical applicability of these theoretical concepts studied, an empirical study was done on the reality of metropolitan solid waste in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. According to the recent theoretical debate, the waste comprises a sector of the urban environmental crisis that best represents the relationship between man and environment. Ensuring the multidimensionality of environmental issues through the ���Saber Ambietal��� (LEFF, 2005), was made a extensive qualitative study correlating the concepts of sustainable territorial development, metropolitan governance and ���Saber Ambiental��� applied on solid waste. The results point to the real challenges of municipal government in understanding the real situation, take action and change the inertia in which have operated in recent decades. The results also showed the importance of transforming environmental issues in political, in other words, struggle for ideas, ideological and ethical references.

Governan��a metropolitana e sustentabilidade: uma an��lise da gest��o dos res��duos s��lidos em Natal e Parnamirim

Nowadays the rapid growth of urban centers, the accumulation of social and environmental demands, the relationship between public policy and increasingly complex problems accentuates the feeling that cities undergo an urban crisis. This crisis is especially characterized by its multidimensionality, which goes through economic, cultural, ethical, environmental and, above all, political issues. In order to study the core of this crisis that is manifested by the urbanization process and has in its exacerbation on the metropolitan areas was conducted conceptual and theoretical study of the meaning of sustainable development applied to the everyday reality of cities, extracting from this debate concepts, such as: sustainable territorial development, administrative sustainability and political sustainability. Looking forward to test this the practical applicability of these theoretical concepts studied, an empirical study was done on the reality of metropolitan solid waste in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. According to the recent theoretical debate, the waste comprises a sector of the urban environmental crisis that best represents the relationship between man and environment. Ensuring the multidimensionality of environmental issues through the ���Saber Ambietal��� (LEFF, 2005), was made a extensive qualitative study correlating the concepts of sustainable territorial development, metropolitan governance and ���Saber Ambiental��� applied on solid waste. The results point to the real challenges of municipal government in understanding the real situation, take action and change the inertia in which have operated in recent decades. The results also showed the importance of transforming environmental issues in political, in other words, struggle for ideas, ideological and ethical references.

Cr��tica descentrada para o senso comum: amostragem da reflex��o acerca da comunica����o contempor��nea realizada na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Cr��tica descentrada para o senso comum: MUNIZ, Euz��bia Maria de Pontes Targino; DANTAS, Juliana Bulh��es Alberto; ALBANO, Sebasti��o Guilherme (Orgs). Amostragem da reflex��o acerca da comunica����o contempor��nea realizada na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN: EDUFRN, 2012.

An��lise bioclim��tica do bairro do Renascen��a II S��o Luis-MA: realidade e perspectiva do conforto t��rmico em espa��os externos

The present research concerns about outdoor s thermal comfort conditions in hot-humid climate cities, understanding that life quality is a result of the urban object s type built for the human being in an environment with specific climate and morphological characteristics. It is presented as object of study the correlation between the neighborhood Renascen��a II s microclimate in S��o Luis /MA-Brazil, hot-humid climate city, and its urban morphological changes. As well as the thermal comfort s satisfaction level of its outdoor users. The research has as general goal to diagnosis the way these transformations caused by the urbanization influence the Renascen��a II s microclimate, identifying critical spots of the studied area, in order to contribute with land use recommendations based on bioclimatic architecture concepts and supply bases to urban design decisions adequate to the S��o Luis climate. It is presented as theoretical bases the urban climate, its concepts and elements. After that, the thermal comfort conditioners and its prediction models of thermal comfort sensation in outdoor are presented. The predictive models are presented along with bioclimatic assessment methods. Finally the use of bioclimatic assessment as an effective tool to identify places that need changes or preservation in order to seek environment quality. The applied methodology was based on the studies of Katzschner (1997), complemented by Oliveira s (1988) and Bustos Romero s (2001) studies that suggest an analysis and evaluation of maps of topography, buildings floors, land use, green areas and land covering, in order to overlap their characteristics and identify climate variable s measurements points; then a quantitative analysis of the climate variables (air temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction) of the chosen points takes place. It was perceived that Renaissance II has no permanence areas as squares or parks, its outdoor has little vegetation and presets high land impermeability and built density levels. The majority of the people interviewed said that was comfortable in a range of air temperature between 27,28��C and 30,71��C. The elaboration of a neighborhood master plan is important, which defines strategies for improvement of the life quality of its inhabitants

Espa��o p��blico e sociabilidade urbana: apropria����es e significados dos espa��os p��blicos na cidade contempor��nea

Study public space is studying the city and its dynamics through a representation point. The changes that are observed in these spaces and in the relations established there, or with it, are related to changes that occurred in the city as a whole, in the urban way of living. Study public space allied to urban sociability permits an even better focus on this relation between people in these spaces and with the spaces and in the consequences and fragile aspects this relation can impose to people and cities. This work is aimed towards this relation between public space and urban sociability. Through a conceptual/theoretical discussion aims, specifically, comprehend how to establish and what is the relation between urban space and urban sociability (appropriation/perception of place, tendencies of seclusion), from an isolated analysis of each one of these themes in the contemporaneous city. The Brazilian public space has peculiar characteristics, arising from its historical process of construction, also influenced by the public sphere fragile construction that permeates it, as well as more recent variables such as the sensation of insecurity and commodification of these places. The urban sociability influences and is influenced along all this process of significance and reframing of the public space. The conceptual discussion about each isolate variable provides the necessary coverage for discussion and analysis of the relation between them and the consequence of this relation in the city, such as the notation of relevant experiences of this process of revaluation of the public space. The hereby search is not through a path to reestablish the relation as it already existed, but also for an understanding of the dynamic as is established today and for existing possibilities for maintenance and appreciation of the relation between people and the city by believing in its importance to urban life

An��lise bioclim��tica e investiga����o do conforto t��rmico em ambientes externos: uma experi��ncia no bairro de Petr��polis em Natal/RN

This study was intended to investigate how the urban form has been influencing the changes in the climate of the city and make a correlation between the climate and the thermal sensation of the users of open spaces. The research was developed in the district of Petr��polis in Natal/ RN whose occupation has been almost consolidated. Among other reasons, this district was selected because it was planned considering the environmental aspects of comfort. The methodologies used are based on KATZSCHNER (1997) and OLIVEIRA (1988) studies, which suggest the drawing and analysis of maps of the area under study, including topography, height of the buildings, land use, green areas, and types of soil pavement, as well as measurement of the environmental variables: air temperature, relative humidity, direction and wind speed for a comparative study. As part of this, study local users of the district were interviewed about their thermal sensations in open spaces. For the statistical analysis, data was collected at 10 distinct points characterized by BUSTOS ROMERO (2002), being 8 within the district and 2 at different places (outside the district), at climatologic stations, in 3 periods (August/2000, January/2002 and June/2002), for 4 consecutive days for each measurement (from Sunday to Wednesday) at the time of lower and higher temperatures in the city, 6:00 am and 1:00 pm, respectively. At the same time interviews were carried out with users of the open spaces in the area, totaling 171 valid formularies. The urban form showed a rather leveled topography, great diversity of land use and height of the buildings, with the existence of an area mostly occupied with high buildings, very little green area and soil practically impermeable. The statistical analysis showed high temperature and humidity levels. The wind direction is predominantly Southeast with extremely variable speeds. When the data from this district is compared with the data from other areas in the city and its outskirt, it was observed that this district is hotter and less ventilated than the others; besides, most users said that they felt uncomfortable in the local environmental conditions. The results of the analysis generated a zoning for the district with recommendations for soil occupation. The profile of the user was defined regarding the thermal comfort, as well as some discussion about the comfort parameters, including the proposal of limiting areas of temperature and humidity for the thermal comfort in the open spaces

Cria����o em processo no espet��culo Ethnotron-Ghetto Experimen

Este trabalho investigou o processo criativo do espet��culo Ethnotron-Ghetto Experiment, do Coletivo paraibano Tribo ��thnos, fundado na d��cada de 1990 e ainda em atividade. A estrat��gia metodol��gica se d�� atrav��s de estudos descritivos, valendo-se da teoria e pr��tica de diversas linguagens art��sticas presentes na obra apontada: artes visuais, performance, literatura e hist��rias em quadrinho; em a����es realizadas pelo Coletivo ao longo dos anos, objetivando descrever e analisar o processo de cria����o do referido espet��culo de dan��a, atrav��s da minuciosa coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas, e da pesquisa e capta����o de materiais audiovisuais. A Tribo ��thnos destaca-se na cena local na cidade de Jo��o Pessoa, e estadual, na Para��ba, visto que, nesse longo percurso de exist��ncia, al��m da preocupa����o em fundir muitas formas art��sticas, bem como os artistas da Para��ba, aglutina pessoas que fazem arte em outros pa��ses e faz das dan��as urbanas algo instigante. A Tribo ainda preocupa-se com a troca de saberes atrav��s de palestras, oficinas, cursos e interc��mbios. A disserta����o investiga o processo de cria����o dos artistas e, especificamente, dos dan��arinos, utilizando-se principalmente do conceito de work in progress, proposto por Renato Cohen, e aplicado ao espet��culo estudado. Apresentam-se descri����es dos movimentos coreogr��ficos, do espet��culo de dan��a paraibano Ethnotron-Ghetto Experiment, de Dan��a de Rua da Era Funky, especificamente, com estilos como popping, waving, animation, strobing, floatine/ slidini, tiokine, trebing, breaking, waving, sliding, entre outros, visto serem estes parte integrante do processo de cria����o. Tais estilos remetem ao ilusionismo ou ao mimetismo, sugerindo, em seus movimentos truques, c��meras lentas, flutua����es com os p��s, entre outros. Segundo Valmir Vaz, o Coletivo, atrav��s do espet��culo, busca a integra����o dos corpos, procura uma liberta����o individual e sugere uma sensação de querer voar nas coreografias/cenas. Abordam-se os aspectos do processo criativo: o espa��o c��nico, o trabalho corporal, a sonoplastia e a roupa/indument��ria. Trabalha-se o conceito do corpo virtual de Jos�� Gil no aspecto do corpo c��nico

Purifica����o e caracteriza����o parcial de uma Fucana C de Dictyota mentrualis e estudo do seu efeito antiinflamat��rio e nociceptivo

In recent years, sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae have emerged as an important class of natural biopolymers with potential application in human and veterinary health care, while taking advantage of the absence of potential risk of contamination by animal viruses. Among these, fucans isolated from the cell walls of marine brown alga have been study due to their anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. These biological effects of fucans have been found to depend on the degree of sulfation and molecular size of the polysaccharide chains. In the present study, we examined structural features of a fucan extracted from brown alga Dictyota menstrualis and its effect on the leukocyte migration to the peritoneum. The sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from the brown seaweed by proteolytic digestion, followed by sequential acetone precipitation producing 5 fractions. Gel lectrophoresis using 0.05 M 1,3-diaminopropane-acetate buffer, pH 9.0, stained with 0.1% toluidine blue, showed the presence of sulfated polysaccharides in all fractions. The chemical analyses demonstrated that all fractions are composed mainly of fucose, xylose, galactose, uronic acid, and sulfate. Electrophoresis in agarose gel in three different buffers demonstrated that the fraction 2.0v have only one population of fucan. This compound was purify by exclusion molecular. It has shown composition of fucose, xilose, sulfate and uronic acid in molar ration of 1.0: 1.7: 1.1: 0.5 respectively. The effect of this heterofucan on the leukocyte migration was observed 6h after zymozan (mg/g) administration into the peritoneum. The heterofucan showed higher antimigratory activity, it decrease the migration of leukocyte in 83.77% to peritoneum. The results suggest that this fucan is a new antimigratory compound with potential pharmacological appications

Atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamat��ria de uma fra����o rica em heterogalactana sulfatada extra��da da alga Codium isthmocladum (Vickers 1905)

Sulfated polysaccharides comprise a complex group of macromolecules with a range of several biological activities, including antiviral activity, anticoagulant, antiproliferative, antiherp��tica, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. These anionic polymers are widely distributed in tissues of vertebrates, invertebrates and algae. Seaweeds are the most abundant sources of sulfated polysaccharides in nature. The green algal sulfated polysaccharides are homo or heteropolysaccharides comprised of galactose, glucose, arabinose and/or glucuronic acid. They are described as anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-angiogenic, antitumor compounds. However, there are few studies about elucidation and evaluation of biological/pharmacological effects of sulfated polysaccharides obtained from green algae, for example, there is only one paper reporting the antinociceptive activity of sulfated polysaccharides of these algae. Therefore this study aimed to obtain sulfated polysaccharides of green seaweed Codium isthmocladum and evaluates them as potential antinociceptive agents. Thus, in this study, the total extract of polysaccharides of green alga C. isthmocladum was obtained by proteolytic digestion, followed by fractionation resulting in five fractions (F0.3, F0.5, F0.7, F0.9 and F1.2) by sequential precipitation with acetone. Using the test of abdominal contractions we observed that the fraction F0.9 was the most potent antinociceptive aompound. F0.9 consists mainly of a sulfated heterogalactana. More specific tests showed that Fo.9 effect is dose and time dependent, reaching a maximum at 90 after administration (10 mg / kg of animal). F0.9 is associated with TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptors and inhibits painful sensation in animals. Furthermore, F0.9 inhibits the migration of lymphocytes induced peritonitis test. On the other hand, stimulates the release of NO and TNF-��. These results suggest that F0.9 has the potential to be used as a source of sulfated galactan antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory