A compreensão de crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional acerca dos seus direitos

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo investigar cómo niños de cinco años de edad, acogidos en una organización no gubernamental en forma de casa-hogar, en la ciudad de Caicó-RN, entienden sus derechos, teniendo en cuenta sus experiencias y vivencias cotidianas. Fueron realizadas entrevistas semi-estructuradas con el equipo de acogimiento de la institución, con el gestor, y con las cuidadoras residentes responsables de las casas-hogares. Con los niños, fueron utilizados métodos participativos con el fin de potenciar la expresión de los niños, tales como juegos, videos y fotos. Se pudo observar que algunos niños no tienen comprensión de su situación como sujetos de derechos. Sin embargo, apuntan a una serie de derechos específicos como se fueran derechos de los niños, con énfasis en lo derecho a tener una familia y una casa, el juego y la educación. La figura materna aparece como uno de los principales responsables de proteger estos derechos, y la escuela se presenta como un espacio que permite, además de la educación, la convivencia comunitaria, el juego y la alimentación.

Quando a indisciplina escolar é um sintoma? articulações psicanalíticas

From a clinical case reporting a severe “ scholarship indiscipline”, this work questioned how the indiscipline can be a symptom . To answer the question, it was analyzed the symptom concept from the Freudian - lacaneana perspective and theirs connections with “ scholarship indiscipline” subject . The research used a theoretical and clinical method , to show the connection between the case development and the psychoanalytic publications reviewing questions on the subject . It was undertook a historical analysis of the construction of disciplinary mechanism through the works of Foucault (1987, 1996), Deleuze (1988; 1992) and commentators. This historical analysis showed a dated and unnatural character of this discursive production named “ scholarship indiscipline”, revealing the indiscipline complaint comes from a social speech that imposes the idea that learn ing depends on the discipline. However , this idea type has a flaw , because always something escapes disciplining . The social answer to the escape is the complaint of indiscipline, which can be taken as a social symptom . Each child should find an answer to this speech and define the symptomatic character , or not , from itself . It was evaluated the symptom and its consequences in the clinic with the child in the Freud and Lacan teachings . The Freud view showed the symptom is the answer to a psychic work , replacing a repressed representation linked to an unbearable sexual dis satisfaction , providing a solution for the child to deal with castration and with the imposed social restrictions . A review of Freud's work undertaken by Lacan emphasizes the psycholog ical work characteristics undertaken by the speaker with its symptom by the link with the social aspect. To analyze, in each case, the position occupied by the patient of a complaint against the indiscipline can open the way to work with it. If the discipl ine is the answer of the subject towards the Other social, from psychoanalysis it is offering a help that allows reframe this response. Elucidating the symptomatic character, or not, from attitudes considered undisciplined, calls for the analysis of unique ness involved in the response of each child, their subjectivity.

Cuidado psicossocial em saúde mental: estudo em assentamentos rurais do Rio Grande do Norte

Dwellers of agrarian reform settlements have a life conditioned by poor living and work conditions, difficulties accessing health programs, social assistance and other public policies and by this exacerbating their psychosocial and environmental vulnerability, which has an impact on their mental health. This research investigates the availability of support by the health and social assistance staff, regarding the demands of common mental disorders and alcohol abuse of dwellers of nine settlements in Rio Grande do Norte. Fifty three experts from different professional categories were interviewed individually or in groups. The results indicate that the workers suffer from poor working conditions, attributes of patrimonial heritage and welfare, which still survives in Brazilian social policies and particularly at local administrations of the countryside. The staffs have little knowledge of the local conditions and of the mental health needs, which has a negative impact on the reception and offered care. The implemented health care still corresponds to the biomedical logic, characterized by ethnocentrism, technicality, biology, cure, individualism and specialization, with little participation of the dwellers and disregarding the traditional knowledge and practices of local health care and by this not achieving the expected results. The psychosocial attendance is not well coordinated, presenting problems with the follow-up and continuity of care. The psychosocial mental health care in rural context has to face the challenge of the reorganization of the health care networks, the establishment of primary health care close to the people’s everyday life, building intersectional practices considering a health multidetermination and health education connected to these specific contexts. Due to the lack of knowledge of the specifics of the life conditions of the dwellers and the fragmentation of the psychosocial health care network, these staffs do not abide and are not ready to face the mental health needs in order to interfere with these health iniquities.

Cuidado psicossocial em saúde mental: estudo em assentamentos rurais do Rio Grande do Norte

Dwellers of agrarian reform settlements have a life conditioned by poor living and work conditions, difficulties accessing health programs, social assistance and other public policies and by this exacerbating their psychosocial and environmental vulnerability, which has an impact on their mental health. This research investigates the availability of support by the health and social assistance staff, regarding the demands of common mental disorders and alcohol abuse of dwellers of nine settlements in Rio Grande do Norte. Fifty three experts from different professional categories were interviewed individually or in groups. The results indicate that the workers suffer from poor working conditions, attributes of patrimonial heritage and welfare, which still survives in Brazilian social policies and particularly at local administrations of the countryside. The staffs have little knowledge of the local conditions and of the mental health needs, which has a negative impact on the reception and offered care. The implemented health care still corresponds to the biomedical logic, characterized by ethnocentrism, technicality, biology, cure, individualism and specialization, with little participation of the dwellers and disregarding the traditional knowledge and practices of local health care and by this not achieving the expected results. The psychosocial attendance is not well coordinated, presenting problems with the follow-up and continuity of care. The psychosocial mental health care in rural context has to face the challenge of the reorganization of the health care networks, the establishment of primary health care close to the people’s everyday life, building intersectional practices considering a health multidetermination and health education connected to these specific contexts. Due to the lack of knowledge of the specifics of the life conditions of the dwellers and the fragmentation of the psychosocial health care network, these staffs do not abide and are not ready to face the mental health needs in order to interfere with these health iniquities.