Uma nova tecnologia no pensamento de Herbert Marcuse: arte e técnica na sociedade unidimensional

This dissertation addresses the issue of technology in the work of Herbert Marcuse, explaning the merger between technology and domination that result in a totalitarian technological apparatus. Thus, technological civilization is supported and justified by a rational technological apparatus in the society, we have come not only the philosophy of Marcuse, but other great thinkers too, like Heidegger, Hegel, Marx. We also present a debate involving the philosophy of science, logic and linguage. Marcuse points to the need for a new technological rationality that emerge from a new sensibility, where the technique would allow a new relationship between man and nature. From then on, would emerge the need for a new subject. This transition would be possible by means of sensitivity, where art would become the art of live. With the link between art and technique made possible by new sensitivity, the author leaves one of its main contribution: he leaves open the possibility for the subject to choose new targests for technological development

Uma nova tecnologia no pensamento de Herbert Marcuse: arte e técnica na sociedade unidimensional

This dissertation addresses the issue of technology in the work of Herbert Marcuse, explaning the merger between technology and domination that result in a totalitarian technological apparatus. Thus, technological civilization is supported and justified by a rational technological apparatus in the society, we have come not only the philosophy of Marcuse, but other great thinkers too, like Heidegger, Hegel, Marx. We also present a debate involving the philosophy of science, logic and linguage. Marcuse points to the need for a new technological rationality that emerge from a new sensibility, where the technique would allow a new relationship between man and nature. From then on, would emerge the need for a new subject. This transition would be possible by means of sensitivity, where art would become the art of live. With the link between art and technique made possible by new sensitivity, the author leaves one of its main contribution: he leaves open the possibility for the subject to choose new targests for technological development

O entardecer de uma era: técnica, poesia e pensamento em Heidegger

The thinking dialog between Heidegger s philosophy and the poetry of Hölderlin and Rilke must be dealt in language s domains. The difficulty to establish this dialog comes from the man in itself, unable to think out of the understructure of science and the modern technique. The poetic language was forgotten or ignored, turning itself obsolete in front of improvements and resources of the technique. Heidegger searches the essences to the poetry so may it be comprehended in its plenitude for the man. Technique, poetry and existence must be pronounced and investigated so the being shows itself again. To Heidegger, the man lives in a period of uncertainty due finding himself at the sunset of age. The uncertainty generates the poverty and the night of world represents the absence of god and original truth. Only with the fundamental comprehension of poetry, the man of today can project himself to the future not anymore as technique product, but with freedom to choose. The message of poetry of Hölderlin and Rilke, according to Heidegger s interpretation, transmits an alert to the contemporary man against the coming danger in his maintained relation with nature. The purpose of the following work is to build this thinking dialog, without disfigure the poetry, but taking approach over its essence, so from there to remove its true existential value.

O corpo no pensamento de Epicuro: limites e possibilidades

The theme that fits the perspective of this thesis comes from the interest of treating, in the Epicurean corpus, about the importance of the body and its manners of realization for understanding the thought of Epicurus of Samos. Based on the inferences contained in the texts that remained from Epicurus, we did an analysis of the aspects that characterize Epicurism as a thought that makes repeated references to the body as an instance of sensitivity. It was necessary, therefore, to discuss how the body is linked to the possibility of thought, and how the latter can be admitted as a body element. It is further understood that the atomistic physics converges to the idea that asserts natural phenomena as likely to be contained and explained by the observations that come from the senses which are manifested through the body. For this reason, it was also pertinent to reflect on the admission of the body as a key element for the interpretation of Epicurean thought, even under the constitution of language. The Epicurean construction about body image was also used for the interpretation and questioning of the dynamics that define the relationships between individuals, characterizing the koinonía of the garden through the notion of corporeal unity. It was defined, therefore, that the characterization of the action field of individuals who lived in the Epicurean garden revolves around the use of logos, with the dialogues coming from the exercise of philosophy for therapeutic purposes, which were able to introduce a specific mode of political action marked by the absence of strange interests of the notion of philía

Sujeito e liberdade no pensamento de Michel Foucault

The leitmotif of this dissertation research is on the relationship between two fields of questioning in the Foucauldian works that may be considered, at a first glance, irreconcilable: the understanding of subject as the result of determinations, on the one hand, and its ethical stance of seeking the creation of liberty, on the other. Since, despite this apparent inconsistency, both ideas are present with much emphasis on the work of the French thinker, to understand the way Foucault articulated these two ideas was necessary to elucidate and interrelate the way in which he thought about the concepts of subject, power and liberty. Traveling with the author his intellectual itinerary, it was revealed that his conception of subject and liberty can be reconciled (although maintaining its problematic nature) and, also, both are inextricably linked each one as a result of the other. Tracing, with the author, his intellectual itinerary, it was also possible to identify and describe the fruitful conceptual tools for thinking about our own determinations and about the possibilities we have of creating new subjectivities and liberating experiences

Reflexões filosóficas em torno da constituição do sujeito religioso-moral no pensamento de Freud

The present research deals with a philosophical reflection about the constitution of the subject religious and moral in the thought of Freud, starting from of question of religion while one of the various spaces concretion of the individual morality. Our hypothesis is that religion presents itself as a space of revival of the primary relationship with the mother of the subject and as a moral agency. That primary relationship corresponds to the period before the Oedipus complex. The cut caused in the Oedipus complex sake in the an emptiness the subject, leading him to a situation of helplessness. In trying to fill the emptiness and consequently out of the situation of displeasure occasioned by the helplessness, the individual seeks diverses means, between which, the religion. The religion, that sense, quest for one part, that support be filling of the existential emptiness, triggered in the Oedipus complex, and on the other, works as a staunch ally of the Superego, which for turn is direct heir of the Oedipus complex and whose function is to require of the subject to moral living, as is established by the social body, where the individual is inserted. Therefore, we seek to draw this subject starting from general ideas of the philosophy, about the moral, as well as some theoretical elements of freudian thought, since his idea of the origin of the culture, morality and religion the more specific elements that pertain to the individual subject, ie, the psychism

A Questão da linguagem e do pensamento a partir da carta sobre o humanismo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Les lauriers sont coupés: a exibição do pensamento e da linguagem

Ce travail a comme point de départ l’oeuvre Les lauriers sont coupés, de l’écrivain Edouard Dujardin. Le livre, écrit en 1887, n’est devenu connu qu’en 1924, lorsque James Joyce a déclaré s’inspirer de cette œuvre pour écrire le monologue de Molly Bloom, personnage d’Ulysse, en utilisant une technique nommée monologue intérieur, qu’aucun écrivain n’avait jusqu’alors utilisée. Dujardin s’est proposé d’écrire un livre où le personnage dévoile sa pensée avant même de subir une quelconque censure. Ecrit à la fin du siècle, Les lauriers sont coupés présente des caractéristiques du symbolisme: la synesthésie, la musicalité, le jeu de mots et la subtitution du sentiment, propre aux romantiques, par les sens. Pour une génération d’écrivains ayant vécu à Paris à la fin du siècle, la métaphore est remplacée par la métonymie. Dans ce sens, notre auteur se trouve inséré dans son temps, c’est-à-dire, à la fin du XIXe siècle, subissant l’influence de Mallarmé et de Wagner dans l’écriture de son oeuvre. A Canção dos Loureiros, titre de la traduction en portugais d’Élide Valarini (1989), de l’oeuvre Les lauriers sont coupés, a été analysée, en essayant à la fois d’identifier les éléments du Symbolisme et de montrer que l’auteur, en écrivant cette œuvre, suppose que le lecteur, partage la pensée du personnage principal en employant la technique du monologue intérieur. Outre cette analyse, nous faisons la traduction en portugais d’un essai de Dujardin, qui n’avait pas été traduit jusqu’à présent et où il a pu lui-même revoir son œuvre et où il explique comment il a eu l’idée de travailler la technique adoptée ainsi que la réception de cette œuvre auprès de ses contemporains.

Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Ser-tão de Buriti: o corpo de noturno rumor (a poética de Guimarães Rosa e o pensamento literário contemporâneo)

This thesis is to analyze the fictional texture of Buriti, novella by Guimarães Rosa, which makes part of Corpo do Baile. Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophical background as well as similar theorists such as Mircea Eliade, Derrida, Bataille, Foucault, Blanchot and Nie-tzsche constitute the main reference, as example of Guimarães Rosa‘s problematizing writing, since they present as basic element of thought the desterritorialization of con-cepts, standards and institutionalized knowledge by the dominant literary language. Along with the theoretical perspective of current alterity on these authors, Buriti is crossed by one aesthetics substantiated with a multiplicity of narrative points of view, opening gaps to other non-sacralized, nomadic voices, using polyphony as a way of breaking and destabilizing crystallized truths related to the canons of mother tongue. Interwoven by a poetic side of transgression, the narrative of Buriti finds especially marked by the signs of the backlands and of the night, which rhizomatically point to a sense of infinity, eternity, loneliness, vertigo before the abyssal, evoking the singularity of a ser-tão before the night, "the body of nocturnal rumor." The nights in the backlands in Buriti give rise to the emergence of a state of subjectivity, the ser-tão, whose nature is shown as a space of communion of the various beings that humans put on the same level of other living beings, setting up a sharing cosmic territory, enjoyment between pain and pleasure, between death and life. It is the night in the darkness, the shadows, the ser-tão is exposed, the being in his depth, facing himself with his internal rumors, which project themselves through the noise, the sound amplified by the vastness of the night at the desert backlands. "The backlands is the night." (ROSA, 1988, p.92).

Análise conceitual e pensamento crítico: uma relação complementar na enfermagem

ENDERS, Bertha Cruz ; BRITO RS ; MONTEIRO, Akemi Ywata. Analise conceitual e pensamento critico: uma relacao complementar na enfermagem. Rev Gaucha Enferm, Porto Alegre (RS) 2004 dez;25(3):295-305.

Análise conceitual e pensamento crítico: uma relação complementar na enfermagem

O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar a relação entre o processo de análise conceitual e as habilidades de pensamento crítico na enfermagem. Utilizando uma abordagem de ensaio discursivo, argumenta-se que a técnica de análise conceitual promove a criticidade em alunos de enfermagem. Os passos da atividade de análise são examinados quanto às operações cognitivas neles inseridas e que representam habilidades de raciocínio crítico. Reflete-se sobre a análise conceitual como atividade didática na promoção do pensamento crítico em uma experiência com alunos de graduação. Conclui-se que os dois processos se complementam no repensar e no enfrentamento de desafios na enfermagem