Avaliação do status de zinco e da expressão gênica de metalotioneínas em pacientes com aterosclerose tratados com rosuvastatina

The study had as objective to evaluate the zinc status by means of dietary intake, zinc in plasma and in erythrocytes and the metallothionein gene expression in patients with atherosclerosis in use of rosuvastatin. The research involved 27 adult and elderly patients of both genders with atherosclerosis that were treated with rosuvastatin (10mg/day) during 4 months. We performed the dosage of lipids, glucose, AST and ALT, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasmatic and erythrocyte zinc and 1 and 2 metallothionein gene expression. The assessment of body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (AC) was performed, besides the analysis of dietary intake of patients. The majority of the evaluated patients presented overweight, before and after the treatment, with no significant difference between the times of the study. It was identified that the AC was significantly reduced in the group (p<0.05) after the intervention. The majority of the patients had intake below the recommendation of calories and fibers and above recommendation of proteins. The mono and polyunsaturated fats were adequate for the majority of the patients, however, the saturated fat and cholesterol were consumed in excess by a great part of the individuals. The intake of zinc was inadequate, being noticed an inadequacy of 100% in the male gender and of 84% in the female. After the treatment with rosuvastatin there was a significant reduction in the total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-c (p<0.01) and no alterations were observed in the HDL-c and triacylglycerols. It was also verified that the reduction of glycemia (p<0.05) and of hsCRP (p<0.01). The analysis did not demonstrate significant differences in the plasmatic and erythrocyte zinc concentration after the treatment. There was, after the treatment, reduction of the MT1F gene (p<0.05) without, however, occurring significant alterations in the MT2A gene. The treatment with rosuvastatin was effective in the reduction of TC and LDL-c, and promoted the reduction of inflammatory marker hsCRP. The zinc in the plasma and erythrocyte was not altered by the use of the medication and there was a reduction in the MT1F gene, possibly due to the reduction of inflammation. The majority of patients presented inadequate intake of zinc and this inadequacy did not have relation with the mineral parameters in plasma and erythrocytes or with the metallothionein gene expression

Adam Smith visto por Roberto Campos: a (re)criação do mito e as necessidades do capitalismo

This work aims at analyzing how Adam Smith, one of the founders of the liberal regime was seen by Roberto Campos, one of the patriarchs of Brazilian liberalism. In this sense, it will be shown how and why the legacy of Scotland was used to legitimize the new pattern of accumulation necessary to capitalism from the second half of the twentieth century on. So, it is the intention to make explicit that the changes in Campos discursive form are consistent with the requirements of capitalism in crisis and were fundamental in the creation of another common sense. To achieve these goals it will be assessed in what way the liberal rhetoric of the Brazilian, harmonized with foreign authors with the same vision, has become an important weapon to transform Smith into a myth in contrast to the political and economic criteria advocated by the same, but valuable to what Roberto Campos intended

Análise jurídico-constitucional do fomento aos campos maduros de produção de petróleo no Brasil

The oil activities in Brazil had been started in an intensive way in the end of the 30 s and in the beginning of the 40 s. Many of the brazilians fields discovered in the past are nowadays in decline. They are called ―mature fields‖. These fields, because of the decline situation that characterizes them, are not interesting for the majors. The majors want the big fields and big productions. On the other hand, they could be interesting for the small and medium enterprises. The mature oil fields are instruments of development, they have oil and the oil production is an activity connected with many social and economics benefits: jobs, taxes, royalties, etc. The Brazilian State, in this context, needs to realize actions to promote the activities in the mature oil fields, especially with the work of the small and mediums enterprises. Many of the onshore brazilian mature fields are located at the Northeast, a region matched by many social and economic problems. The activities in the mature fields of the Northeast Region could solve some of its problems. The present research analyses the mature oil fields and its situations in Brazil, making criticisms and suggestions. The methodology adopted is theoretical and descriptive, with literature review, case law and legislation (Constituição Federal de 1988, ―Law of the Oil‖). This research examines the following points: mature fields rounds and its documents, name and definition of the mature fields, definition of small and medium enterprises, environmental aspects, concentration of certain activities of the sector and the royalties

O princípio constitucional da redução das desigualdades regionais e os campos maduro-marginais de petróleo: aspectos regulatórios e fiscais

Under the circumstances of the desestatization that penetrate Brazilian economy in the 90‟s, new features in the monopoly of oil by the Union were designed by the constitutional amendment number 9. of 1995. This deep change in the legal regime of oil sector brought the possibility of entrance to small and medium size producers in this industry, especially through the production activities developed in mature and marginal fields of oil, which are located mainly in northeast region of Brazil. Considering that the intervention of state over the economy finds its guidelines and limits in Federal Constitution disposals, the present work investigated in which way states regulation, mainly through taxation rules, has obeyed the constitutional regime in force, and specially, the reduction of regional inequalities principle. By mean, firstly, of an analysis of central concepts (mature fields, marginal fields, small and medium size producers) we observed that the imprecision over the conceptual aspect has constituted an obstacle to a specific states‟ regulation, directed to this newborn class of producers, whose growth has been pursuit by the state. That is verified in the case of concession procedures, and also, concerning the taxation system applied to small and medium size producers. Examining the main constitutional principles related to this universe which are the legality, equality, privileged treatment to small enterprises, contributive capacity, and reduction of regional inequalities we conclude that it is legally possible, a truly specific regulation, including a special taxation regime, to the small and medium size producers whose activities are concentrate over mature-marginal fields, aiming the concretization of the Brazilian state main goals

Registro da atuação do movimento dos atingidos por barragens nos reassentamentos de Acauã: a alfabetização de jovens e adultos

This work contains the problematic of sub-education among the population that was excluded from school attendance in the regular time, contributing to knowledge production about educational practices developed in EJA (the Young and Adult Education). It focuses on the Pedagogical proposal and on the experience in young and adult literacy in the context of the mobilization of people affected by dam building. It depicts the international, national and regional mobilization against huge dams building and the emergence of the Movement of Dam Affected People (MAB), highlighting their general project and registering their teaching performance, particularly in young and adult literacy. In methodological and theoretical approaches, two interconnected categories are considered: the historical entirety, essentially theoretical, and the young and adult education practice. Based on the entirety, it outlines a contextualized explanation about the stakeholder s situation and, respecting the second category, which is part of the first one, places literacy as one of the basic aspects of an omnilateral man upbringing. The study broaches a wide context of dams in the world, placing the socio-environmental effects resulting from dams building in Brazil, in Northeast region and in Paraíba, and emphasizing the consequences of Acauã Dam building in the Paraíba cities of Aroeiras, Itatuba and Natuba. It presents the particular context of the population affected by Acauã, summarizing a panoramic view about the involved Paraíba cities and learning the conditions of residents relocation. It appraises the educational project and the National-MAB literacy proposal, operationalized by Paraíba-MAB in resettlements sited on Acauã s surroundings. It ensures that, besides public policies including financing, the feasibility of literacy problem solution can be completed with Pedagogical actions attached to the target people peculiarities and immediate necessities, respecting actions connected through one comprehensive and contextualized educational project. It evaluates the young and adult literacy project developed in the restricted Paraíba-MAB area, as an example of a Pedagogical action minimally contextualized. Eventually, it recommends researchers and teachers in general, that are committed to this work perspective, to pay attention to the way they articulate discussions and participation, so as to contemplate these communities expectations and necessities in Pedagogical projects and spaces based on discussion, dialogue and collective reflection

As mudanças da educação do RN nos idos de 1950 e 1960 :a prática de Lia Campos

The present study investigates and analyzes the participation of the teacher Lia Campos, during the 50 s and 60 s years, in the norte-riograndense educational organization. The choice of the period is justified because was at this the time what this teacher remained in the potiguar lands, working in favor of the education. In the search of data that informed me concerning her actions, I cover quantities as the Public Archive of the Great River of the North, Historical Institute and Geographic of the Rio Grande do Norte and the Center of Supplementary Studies Teacher Lia Campos, in the task to obtain photographs and verbal stories of friends and fellow workers, periodicals of the time, laws and decrees. Based on the primary education, the work of Lia Campos shows the relevance of the teaching formation for this level of education and the way as the ones that in it work can lead their conceptions and daily practical tasks. This way, I evidence that the cited teacher promotes, in this State, a series of activities as: survey and systematization of the school net; organization of the administrative stuff of the schools; qualifications and courses of improving for lay professors, as well as implantation of the Law of the Education nº 2.171/1957. Through this analysis I show as this teacher left printed her mark in the Rio Grande do Norte historiography by means of her actions, being therefore remembered for that they had followed her experience in norte-riograndense lands

O grupo escolar modelo augusto severo (1908-1928): vinte anos de formação de professores

Ce travail a pour objet d'étude le Groupe Scolaire Augusto Severo, situé à Natal, première institution du type dans l'État du Rio Grande do Norte. Il analyse la pratique pédagogique, le modèle d'éducation primaire et d'expérimentation des personnes en formation de l'École Normale de Natal, entre 1908 et l'année de 1928. Dans cette période, se sont produites des tentatives d'organisation scolaire par le biais de la Réforme de l‟Enseignement Primaire (1908) et de la Réforme de l‟Enseignement (1916). Nous nous sommes basés sur l'Histoire Culturelle définie à travers la conjonction de l'histoire des objets dans sa matérialité, des pratiques dans leurs différences et configurations, des dispositifs dans leurs variations. Nous avons utilisé les journaux A República et Diário do Natal, la revue Pedagogium, des Lois, des Décrets et Messages du Gouvernement, des Codes d'Enseignement et le Régime Interne des Groupes Scolaires, documents qui proviennent du fonds de l'Institut Historique et Géographique do Rio Grande do Norte (IHGRN) et des sources iconographiques, provenant de l'Institut du Patrimoine Historique et Artistique National (IPHAN/RN). Dans les Archives Publiques de l‟Etat (APE/RN) nous avons recherché les Livres d'Enregistrement des Groupes Scolaires et Écoles Isolées, Offices, Inscriptions, Rapports et Actes de réunions de la Direction Générale de l'Instruction Publique et Journal de Classe. Nous avons analysé l'action des professeurs dans cette institution primaire, ainsi que l'histoire des disciplines scolaires et des programmes d'enseignement, la problématique des contenus et méthodes. Nous avons observé que la méthode intuitive était la dynamique de la pratique pédagogique efficace et que les rites de récompense, les cérémonies civiques composaient l‟ensemble des idées modernisatrices de l‟époque

Augusto Tavares de Lyra em vários tons

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo, analizar las prácticas políticas-intelectuales de Augusto Tavares de Lyra, perteneciente a una elite que gobernó el estado de Río Grande del Norte de Brasil, durante los dos primeros decenios de la República Vieja , de 1889 a 1918. El recorte temporal considerado tiene inicio al final del siglo XIX, en 1872, año de su nacimiento, hasta el año 1958, cuando falleció a los casi ochenta y seis años de vida. Mientras tanto, analizaremos vivencias y prácticas de Tavares de Lyra como hombre público a partir de los documentos investigados. Utilizamos como soporte principal artículos, reportajes, discursos y libros escritos por sus contemporáneos. Observamos que las fuentes documentales, tales como mensajes, leyes y decretos gubernamentales, bibliografías sobre el período evocado y el archivo del intelectual Tavares de Lyra. Entendemos que, aunque fuera un político de prácticas liberales y empeñado en reformar el sistema educativo brasilero, él fue fruto de un instante de la política nacional, que privilegió pocos núcleos familiares en detrimento de la democracia descrita solamente en la ley, y que por eso, poseía comprometimiento con las prácticas de la Primera República. Su legado reside en una obra literaria ligada directamente al Instituto Histórico y Geográfico Brasileiro y a los estudios realizados, en cuanto jurista y economista, conocedor de los problemas que afligían Brasil en esa época

A Tessitura de sentidos: representação social de licenciados do curso deletras da UFRN sobre o ensinar

En esta investigación, se busca comprender los procesos de formación de pregrado del Curso de Cartas da UFRN, de estas representaciones sociales acerca de los estudiantes de enseñanza. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fue conocer y analizar las representaciones sociales de curso de pregrado UFRN Cartas sobre la enseñanza. Por lo tanto, se aplica la Técnica de Libre de Palabras Asociación (TALP) con 20 participantes, después de haber sido probados individualmente, utilizando como estímulo palabra "enseñar" y limitar el número de invocaciones a 03 palabras por participante. Esta técnica fue elegida porque es una técnica proyectiva que permite la reducción y racionalización permite acceder al campo semántico de las representaciones sociales, en nuestro caso, en la enseñanza del de pregrado do Curso de Cartas da UFRN. Por lo tanto, llegamos a total de 60 llamadas, análisis de frecuencia después de 41 y 24 después de un análisis del significado que se utilizaron en otro procedimiento aplicado en esta investigación, las calificaciones de Procedimiento de Múltiples Calificaciones (PCM). Estas palabras, sobre la base de las justificaciones de las evocaciones y significados que atribuyen participantes en la investigación, se dividieron en 4 campos semánticos: Campo 1: Aspectos técnicos de la enseñanza, Campo 2: aspectos volitivos, Campo 3: aspectos relacionales de la enseñanza y de Campo 4: Elementos del campo. El PCM se aplicó de forma individual, con 50 estudiantes. Para el análisis de los datos generados, utilizamos Análisis Multidimensional (MDS) para la Escala Multidimensional de Evaluación Análisis gratuito (MSA: Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis) y el análisis de clasificación selectiva de los espacios menores (SSA: Smallest Space Analysis). El mapa generado por el análisis de MSA fue dividido en tres regiones: Aspectos de los aspectos de enseñanza, capacitación y asistencia técnica de los promotores de la profesionalización, la primera región que tiene una sub-regionalización llamada dimensión negativa. El mapa de la SSA análisis se dividió en dos partes y un subfaceta, llamado el aspecto faceta técnica de la enseñanza y la formación, la segunda faceta llamado Vínculo entre el campo y la enseñanza específica y su nombre subfaceta aspecto relacional. Del análisis del contenido de las justificaciones de la PCM, llegó a 5 categorías, a saber: Hacer la enseñanza, la faceta negativa, Escuela, Formación y faceta afectiva del profesor. El TALP aporta pruebas de que algunos de estos estudiantes ve la oportunidad de adquirir unos conocimientos en esta área, la formación en un nivel superior, como quieran, simplemente tienen un título universitario para realizar licitación abierta. El PCM nos ha hecho comprender que el contenido representacional en cuestión se configura desde el universo consensual conectado a la profesión y la formación. Por lo tanto, podemos decir que los titulares de licencias con respecto al tema estudiado anclar la representación social de "enseñar" a la imagen de ser un maestro y objetivar la imagen de la profesión

Acurácia do teste de labirinto no rastreamento de déficits cognitivos em idosos

This study intended to evaluate the maze test accuracy in cognitive deficit screening in elderly with or without neuropsychological pathology. The sample included 40 healthy young (18-25 years old; mean- 21 ± 1.6), 40 healthy old (60-77 years old; mean- 67 ± 5.1) and 18 patients with probable diagnosis of Alzheimer s disease initial stage (52-90 years old; mean- 78 ± 9.2). Data analysis was made using Anova with Tukey s post hoc, multiple linear regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. According to Tukey s test Alzheimer patients spent more time (46843 ± 37926 ms) to execute the test than healthy young (5482 ± 2873 ms; p= 0.0001) and elderly (17978 ± 13700; p= 0.0001); healthy young executed test n lower time (p= 0.035). According to the regression analysis of age, education level and cognitive performance of the three groups, the cognitive performance was the predictor of the execution time. When analyzing young and elderly only age was the predictor and the cognitive performance was the only factor to influence the test of old aged healthy and patients. The ROC curve analysis indicated 72% accuracy for young and elderly and 36% for healthy and elderly patients. The maze execution time represented a better balance between sensibility (75%) and the specificity (61%) was near 13575 ms, indicating that those subjects that execute the maze in a time higher to this value may show cognitive deficit related to the executive function. According to the results it is suggested that the maze test used in this study shows a good accuracy in the cognitive deficit tracking and may discriminate age changes

Argamassas do grupo escolar Augusto Severo/RN: caracterização e incidência de manifestações patológicas

The search for cultural heritage preservation should be a constant, in order to minimize the lost of historical and cultural identity of a country. As part of this cultural heritage, highlights the importance of historical buildings. For the principles of restoration are met its important to know the state of conservation and the existing materials. Given the above, this work aims to study the pathological manifestations of the mortar coating from the Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo. For this, was conducted historical survey of the building, on-site visits with visual observation, collecting samples of mortar coating and characterization through visual and laboratory analysis, XRF, XRD, TG/DTG, OM and SEM-EDS. From the observations, pathological manifestations were found as: cracks, detachment of the coating, dirt, use of inappropriate material basis of cement, efflorescence, mold and mildew and also incompatible material base of cement. It was found that the pathological manifestations were intensified due to lack of coverage in some spots and especially the abandonment of the building, that many years does not have restoration or any other type of preventive and corrective maintenance. The results of laboratory tests indicated that the mortars studied are based on lime, with calcitic nature, and siliceous aggregate, with the presence of clay in two samples. From the samples collected, two are composed of lime, sand and clay and two by lime and sand. In this regard, it is important to conduct periodic inspections and maintenance, as well as carrying out restoration with use of material compatible with the original

Desenvolvimento de um ressoador retangular de fenda com múltiplas camadas de substrato e com utilização de material PBG para sistema de comunicação sem fio

In the globalized world modern telecommunications have assumed key role within the company, causing a large increase in demand for the wireless technology of communication, which has been happening in recent years have greatly increased the number of applications using this technology. Due to this demand, new materials are developed to enable new control mechanisms and propagation of electromagnetic waves. The research to develop new technologies for wireless communication presents a multidisciplinary study that covers from the new geometries for passive antennas, active up to the development of materials for devices that improve the performance at the frequency range of operation. Recently, planar antennas have attracted interest due to their characteristics and advantages when compared with other types of antennas. In the area of mobile communications the need for antennas of this type has become increasingly used, due to intensive development, which needs to operate in multifrequency antennas and broadband. The microstrip antennas have narrow bandwidth due to the dielectric losses generated by irradiation. Another limitation is the degradation of the radiation pattern due to the generation of surface waves in the substrate. Some techniques have been developed to minimize this limitation of bandwidth, such as the study of type materials PBG - Photonic Band Gap, to form the dielectric material. This work has as main objective the development project of a slot resonator with multiple layers and use the type PBG substrate, which carried out the optimization from the numerical analysis and then designed the device initially proposed for the band electromagnetic spectrum between 3-9 GHz, which basically includes the band S to X. Was used as the dielectric material RT/Duroid 5870 and RT/Duroid 6010.LM where both are laminated ceramic-filled PTFE dielectric constants 2.33 and 10.2, respectively. Through an experimental investigation was conducted an analysis of the simulated versus measured by observing the behavior of the radiation characteristics from the height variation of the dielectric multilayer substrates. We also used the LTT method resonators structures rectangular slot with multiple layers of material photonic PBG in order to obtain the resonance frequency and the entire theory involving the electromagnetic parameters of the structure under consideration. xviii The analysis developed in this work was performed using the method LTT - Transverse Transmission Line, in the field of Fourier transform that uses a component propagating in the y direction (transverse to the real direction of propagation z), thus treating the general equations of the fields electric and magnetic and function. The PBG theory is applied to obtain the relative permittivity of the polarizations for the sep photonic composite substrates material. The results are obtained with the commercial software Ansoft HFSS, used for accurate analysis of the electromagnetic behavior of the planar device under study through the Finite Element Method (FEM). Numerical computational results are presented in graphical form in two and three dimensions, playing in the parameters of return loss, frequency of radiation and radiation diagram, radiation efficiency and surface current for the device under study, and have as substrates, photonic materials and had been simulated in an appropriate computational tool. With respect to the planar device design study are presented in the simulated and measured results that show good agreement with measurements made. These results are mainly in the identification of resonance modes and determining the characteristics of the designed device, such as resonant frequency, return loss and radiation pattern

Caracterização numérica de antenas para aplicações RFID utilizando o método das ondas - WCIP

In recent years, the radio frequency identification technology (RFID) has gained great interest both industrial communities as scientific communities. Its ability to locate and monitor objects, animals and persons with active or passive tags allows easy development, with good cost-benefice and still presents undeniable benefits in applications ranging from logistics to healthcare, robotics, security, among others. Within this aspect what else comes excelling are RFID tags and the antennas used in RFID readers. Most tags have antennas omnidirectional and are usually manufactured as dipoles modified printed. The primary purpose of a project of antenna for tag is to achieve the required input impedance to perform a good marriage impedance with the load impedance of the chip. Already the objective principal in project of antennas for readers is to achieve reduced sizes and structures with good data transmission capacity. This work brings the numerical characterization of antennas for RFID applications, being these divided into tags RFID and antennas for RFID readers. Three tags RFID and two antennas for RFID readers, found in literature, are analyzed. The analysis of these structures is made using the Method of Waves - WCIP. Initial results found in the literature are compared with those obtained through simulations in WCIP with objective to show that the Method of Waves is able to analyze such structures. To illustrate the results obtained in simulations is presented the behavior of electric and magnetic fields. It also performed a literature review on the characteristics and principles of RFID technology. Suggestions for continuity to this work are presented

Perspectivas de inserção da energia solar fotovoltaica na geração de energia elétrica no Rio Grande do Norte

The generation of electricity in Brazil is predominantly renewable, with internal hydraulic generation being more than 70% of its energy matrix. The electricity rationing occurred in 2001 due to lack of rain, led the country to increase the participation of alternative energy sources. This need for new sources of energy makes the regional potential to be exploited, which configures the change of generation model from centralized generation to distributed generation. Among the alternative sources of energy, the solar energy is presented as very promising for Brazil, given that most of its territory is located near to the equator line, which implies days with greater number of hours of solar radiation. The state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) has one of the highest levels of solar irradiation of the Brazilian territory, making it eligible to receive investments for the installation of photovoltaic solar plants. This thesis will present the state-of-the-art in solar photovoltaic power generation and will examine the potential for generation of solar photovoltaic power in Brazil and RN, based on solarimetrics measurements conducted by various institutions and also measurements performed in Natal, the state capital

Avaliação de desempenho da codificação wavelet em canais seletivos em frequência

Wavelet coding has emerged as an alternative coding technique to minimize the fading effects of wireless channels. This work evaluates the performance of wavelet coding, in terms of bit error probability, over time-varying, frequency-selective multipath Rayleigh fading channels. The adopted propagation model follows the COST207 norm, main international standards reference for GSM, UMTS, and EDGE applications. The results show the wavelet coding s efficiency against the inter symbolic interference which characterizes these communication scenarios. This robustness of the presented technique enables its usage in different environments, bringing it one step closer to be applied in practical wireless communication systems