Uma proposta de solução para funcionamento offline em aplicações android

Given the growing demand for the development of mobile applications, driven by use increasingly common in smartphones and tablets grew in society the need for remote data access in full in the use of mobile application without connectivity environments where there is no provision network access at all times. Given this reality, this work proposes a framework that present main functions are the provision of a persistence mechanism, replication and data synchronization, contemplating the creation, deletion, update and display persisted or requested data, even though the mobile device without connectivity with the network. From the point of view of the architecture and programming practices, it reflected in defining strategies for the main functions of the framework are met. Through a controlled study was to validate the solution proposal, being found as the gains in reducing the number of lines code and the amount of time required to perform the development of an application without there being significant increase for the operations.

Algoritmos experimentais para o problema biobjetivo da árvore geradora quadrática em adjacência de arestas

The Quadratic Minimum Spanning Tree (QMST) problem is a generalization of the Minimum Spanning Tree problem in which, beyond linear costs associated to each edge, quadratic costs associated to each pair of edges must be considered. The quadratic costs are due to interaction costs between the edges. When interactions occur between adjacent edges only, the problem is named Adjacent Only Quadratic Minimum Spanning Tree (AQMST). Both QMST and AQMST are NP-hard and model a number of real world applications involving infrastructure networks design. Linear and quadratic costs are summed in the mono-objective versions of the problems. However, real world applications often deal with conflicting objectives. In those cases, considering linear and quadratic costs separately is more appropriate and multi-objective optimization provides a more realistic modelling. Exact and heuristic algorithms are investigated in this work for the Bi-objective Adjacent Only Quadratic Spanning Tree Problem. The following techniques are proposed: backtracking, branch-and-bound, Pareto Local Search, Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure, Simulated Annealing, NSGA-II, Transgenetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and a hybridization of the Transgenetic Algorithm with the MOEA-D technique. Pareto compliant quality indicators are used to compare the algorithms on a set of benchmark instances proposed in literature.

Algoritmos experimentais para o problema biobjetivo da árvore geradora quadrática em adjacência de arestas

The Quadratic Minimum Spanning Tree (QMST) problem is a generalization of the Minimum Spanning Tree problem in which, beyond linear costs associated to each edge, quadratic costs associated to each pair of edges must be considered. The quadratic costs are due to interaction costs between the edges. When interactions occur between adjacent edges only, the problem is named Adjacent Only Quadratic Minimum Spanning Tree (AQMST). Both QMST and AQMST are NP-hard and model a number of real world applications involving infrastructure networks design. Linear and quadratic costs are summed in the mono-objective versions of the problems. However, real world applications often deal with conflicting objectives. In those cases, considering linear and quadratic costs separately is more appropriate and multi-objective optimization provides a more realistic modelling. Exact and heuristic algorithms are investigated in this work for the Bi-objective Adjacent Only Quadratic Spanning Tree Problem. The following techniques are proposed: backtracking, branch-and-bound, Pareto Local Search, Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure, Simulated Annealing, NSGA-II, Transgenetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and a hybridization of the Transgenetic Algorithm with the MOEA-D technique. Pareto compliant quality indicators are used to compare the algorithms on a set of benchmark instances proposed in literature.

A probabilistic analysis of the biometrics menagerie existence: case study in fingerprint data

Until recently the use of biometrics was restricted to high-security environments and criminal identification applications, for economic and technological reasons. However, in recent years, biometric authentication has become part of daily lives of people. The large scale use of biometrics has shown that users within the system may have different degrees of accuracy. Some people may have trouble authenticating, while others may be particularly vulnerable to imitation. Recent studies have investigated and identified these types of users, giving them the names of animals: Sheep, Goats, Lambs, Wolves, Doves, Chameleons, Worms and Phantoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the existence of these users types in a database of fingerprints and propose a new way of investigating them, based on the performance of verification between subjects samples. Once introduced some basic concepts in biometrics and fingerprint, we present the biometric menagerie and how to evaluate them.

A probabilistic analysis of the biometrics menagerie existence: case study in fingerprint data

Until recently the use of biometrics was restricted to high-security environments and criminal identification applications, for economic and technological reasons. However, in recent years, biometric authentication has become part of daily lives of people. The large scale use of biometrics has shown that users within the system may have different degrees of accuracy. Some people may have trouble authenticating, while others may be particularly vulnerable to imitation. Recent studies have investigated and identified these types of users, giving them the names of animals: Sheep, Goats, Lambs, Wolves, Doves, Chameleons, Worms and Phantoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the existence of these users types in a database of fingerprints and propose a new way of investigating them, based on the performance of verification between subjects samples. Once introduced some basic concepts in biometrics and fingerprint, we present the biometric menagerie and how to evaluate them.

An automated approach for performance deviation analysis of evolving software systems

A manutenção e evolução de sistemas de software tornou-se uma tarefa bastante crítica ao longo dos últimos anos devido à diversidade e alta demanda de funcionalidades, dispositivos e usuários. Entender e analisar como novas mudanças impactam os atributos de qualidade da arquitetura de tais sistemas é um pré-requisito essencial para evitar a deterioração de sua qualidade durante sua evolução. Esta tese propõe uma abordagem automatizada para a análise de variação do atributo de qualidade de desempenho em termos de tempo de execução (tempo de resposta). Ela é implementada por um framework que adota técnicas de análise dinâmica e mineração de repositório de software para fornecer uma forma automatizada de revelar fontes potenciais – commits e issues – de variação de desempenho em cenários durante a evolução de sistemas de software. A abordagem define quatro fases: (i) preparação – escolher os cenários e preparar os releases alvos; (ii) análise dinâmica – determinar o desempenho de cenários e métodos calculando seus tempos de execução; (iii) análise de variação – processar e comparar os resultados da análise dinâmica para releases diferentes; e (iv) mineração de repositório – identificar issues e commits associados com a variação de desempenho detectada. Estudos empíricos foram realizados para avaliar a abordagem de diferentes perspectivas. Um estudo exploratório analisou a viabilidade de se aplicar a abordagem em sistemas de diferentes domínios para identificar automaticamente elementos de código fonte com variação de desempenho e as mudanças que afetaram tais elementos durante uma evolução. Esse estudo analisou três sistemas: (i) SIGAA – um sistema web para gerência acadêmica; (ii) ArgoUML – uma ferramenta de modelagem UML; e (iii) Netty – um framework para aplicações de rede. Outro estudo realizou uma análise evolucionária ao aplicar a abordagem em múltiplos releases do Netty, e dos frameworks web Wicket e Jetty. Nesse estudo foram analisados 21 releases (sete de cada sistema), totalizando 57 cenários. Em resumo, foram encontrados 14 cenários com variação significante de desempenho para Netty, 13 para Wicket e 9 para Jetty. Adicionalmente, foi obtido feedback de oito desenvolvedores desses sistemas através de um formulário online. Finalmente, no último estudo, um modelo de regressão para desempenho foi desenvolvido visando indicar propriedades de commits que são mais prováveis a causar degradação de desempenho. No geral, 997 commits foram minerados, sendo 103 recuperados de elementos de código fonte degradados e 19 de otimizados, enquanto 875 não tiveram impacto no tempo de execução. O número de dias antes de disponibilizar o release e o dia da semana se mostraram como as variáveis mais relevantes dos commits que degradam desempenho no nosso modelo. A área de característica de operação do receptor (ROC – Receiver Operating Characteristic) do modelo de regressão é 60%, o que significa que usar o modelo para decidir se um commit causará degradação ou não é 10% melhor do que uma decisão aleatória.

An automated approach for performance deviation analysis of evolving software systems

A manutenção e evolução de sistemas de software tornou-se uma tarefa bastante crítica ao longo dos últimos anos devido à diversidade e alta demanda de funcionalidades, dispositivos e usuários. Entender e analisar como novas mudanças impactam os atributos de qualidade da arquitetura de tais sistemas é um pré-requisito essencial para evitar a deterioração de sua qualidade durante sua evolução. Esta tese propõe uma abordagem automatizada para a análise de variação do atributo de qualidade de desempenho em termos de tempo de execução (tempo de resposta). Ela é implementada por um framework que adota técnicas de análise dinâmica e mineração de repositório de software para fornecer uma forma automatizada de revelar fontes potenciais – commits e issues – de variação de desempenho em cenários durante a evolução de sistemas de software. A abordagem define quatro fases: (i) preparação – escolher os cenários e preparar os releases alvos; (ii) análise dinâmica – determinar o desempenho de cenários e métodos calculando seus tempos de execução; (iii) análise de variação – processar e comparar os resultados da análise dinâmica para releases diferentes; e (iv) mineração de repositório – identificar issues e commits associados com a variação de desempenho detectada. Estudos empíricos foram realizados para avaliar a abordagem de diferentes perspectivas. Um estudo exploratório analisou a viabilidade de se aplicar a abordagem em sistemas de diferentes domínios para identificar automaticamente elementos de código fonte com variação de desempenho e as mudanças que afetaram tais elementos durante uma evolução. Esse estudo analisou três sistemas: (i) SIGAA – um sistema web para gerência acadêmica; (ii) ArgoUML – uma ferramenta de modelagem UML; e (iii) Netty – um framework para aplicações de rede. Outro estudo realizou uma análise evolucionária ao aplicar a abordagem em múltiplos releases do Netty, e dos frameworks web Wicket e Jetty. Nesse estudo foram analisados 21 releases (sete de cada sistema), totalizando 57 cenários. Em resumo, foram encontrados 14 cenários com variação significante de desempenho para Netty, 13 para Wicket e 9 para Jetty. Adicionalmente, foi obtido feedback de oito desenvolvedores desses sistemas através de um formulário online. Finalmente, no último estudo, um modelo de regressão para desempenho foi desenvolvido visando indicar propriedades de commits que são mais prováveis a causar degradação de desempenho. No geral, 997 commits foram minerados, sendo 103 recuperados de elementos de código fonte degradados e 19 de otimizados, enquanto 875 não tiveram impacto no tempo de execução. O número de dias antes de disponibilizar o release e o dia da semana se mostraram como as variáveis mais relevantes dos commits que degradam desempenho no nosso modelo. A área de característica de operação do receptor (ROC – Receiver Operating Characteristic) do modelo de regressão é 60%, o que significa que usar o modelo para decidir se um commit causará degradação ou não é 10% melhor do que uma decisão aleatória.

Strong primeness in fuzzy environment

The main aim of this investigation is to propose the notion of uniform and strong primeness in fuzzy environment. First, it is proposed and investigated the concept of fuzzy strongly prime and fuzzy uniformly strongly prime ideal. As an additional tool, the concept of t/m systems for fuzzy environment gives an alternative way to deal with primeness in fuzzy. Second, a fuzzy version of correspondence theorem and the radical of a fuzzy ideal are proposed. Finally, it is proposed a new concept of prime ideal for Quantales which enable us to deal with primeness in a noncommutative setting.

Strong primeness in fuzzy environment

The main aim of this investigation is to propose the notion of uniform and strong primeness in fuzzy environment. First, it is proposed and investigated the concept of fuzzy strongly prime and fuzzy uniformly strongly prime ideal. As an additional tool, the concept of t/m systems for fuzzy environment gives an alternative way to deal with primeness in fuzzy. Second, a fuzzy version of correspondence theorem and the radical of a fuzzy ideal are proposed. Finally, it is proposed a new concept of prime ideal for Quantales which enable us to deal with primeness in a noncommutative setting.

Algoritmos meta-heurísticos para a solução do problema do caixeiro viajante com múltiplas caronas

The Traveling Salesman with Multiple Ridesharing (TSP-MR) is a type of the Capacitated Traveling Salesman, which presents the possibility of sharing seats with passengers taking advantage of the paths the salesman travels through his cycle. The salesman shares the cost of a path with the boarded passengers. This model can portray a real situation in which, for example, drivers are willing to share parts of a trip with tourists that wish to move between two locations visited by the driver’s route, accepting to share the vehicle with other individuals visiting other locations within the cycle. This work proposes a mathematical formulation for the problem, and an exact and metaheuristics algorithms for its solution, comparing them.

Algoritmos meta-heurísticos para a solução do problema do caixeiro viajante com múltiplas caronas

The Traveling Salesman with Multiple Ridesharing (TSP-MR) is a type of the Capacitated Traveling Salesman, which presents the possibility of sharing seats with passengers taking advantage of the paths the salesman travels through his cycle. The salesman shares the cost of a path with the boarded passengers. This model can portray a real situation in which, for example, drivers are willing to share parts of a trip with tourists that wish to move between two locations visited by the driver’s route, accepting to share the vehicle with other individuals visiting other locations within the cycle. This work proposes a mathematical formulation for the problem, and an exact and metaheuristics algorithms for its solution, comparing them.

Uma proposta de indicadores para o acompanhamento de alunos em projetos de desenvolvimento colaborativo de software com foco no desenvolvimento de habilidades transversais

Soft skills and teamwork practices were identi ed as the main de ciencies of recent graduates in computer courses. This issue led to a realization of a qualitative research aimed at investigating the challenges faced by professors of those courses in conducting, monitoring and assessing collaborative software development projects. Di erent challenges were reported by teachers, including di culties in the assessment of students both in the collective and individual levels. In this context, a quantitative research was conducted with the aim to map soft skill of students to a set of indicators that can be extracted from software repositories using data mining techniques. These indicators are aimed at measuring soft skills, such as teamwork, leadership, problem solving and the pace of communication. Then, a peer assessment approach was applied in a collaborative software development course of the software engineering major at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). This research presents a correlation study between the students' soft skills scores and indicators based on mining software repositories. This study contributes: (i) in the presentation of professors' perception of the di culties and opportunities for improving management and monitoring practices in collaborative software development projects; (ii) in investigating relationships between soft skills and activities performed by students using software repositories; (iii) in encouraging the development of soft skills and the use of software repositories among software engineering students; (iv) in contributing to the state of the art of three important areas of software engineering, namely software engineering education, educational data mining and human aspects of software engineering.

Uma proposta de indicadores para o acompanhamento de alunos em projetos de desenvolvimento colaborativo de software com foco no desenvolvimento de habilidades transversais

Soft skills and teamwork practices were identi ed as the main de ciencies of recent graduates in computer courses. This issue led to a realization of a qualitative research aimed at investigating the challenges faced by professors of those courses in conducting, monitoring and assessing collaborative software development projects. Di erent challenges were reported by teachers, including di culties in the assessment of students both in the collective and individual levels. In this context, a quantitative research was conducted with the aim to map soft skill of students to a set of indicators that can be extracted from software repositories using data mining techniques. These indicators are aimed at measuring soft skills, such as teamwork, leadership, problem solving and the pace of communication. Then, a peer assessment approach was applied in a collaborative software development course of the software engineering major at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). This research presents a correlation study between the students' soft skills scores and indicators based on mining software repositories. This study contributes: (i) in the presentation of professors' perception of the di culties and opportunities for improving management and monitoring practices in collaborative software development projects; (ii) in investigating relationships between soft skills and activities performed by students using software repositories; (iii) in encouraging the development of soft skills and the use of software repositories among software engineering students; (iv) in contributing to the state of the art of three important areas of software engineering, namely software engineering education, educational data mining and human aspects of software engineering.

Considerações sobre metodologia interativa aplicada à disciplinas de química orgânica de alguns cursos da UFRN

The aiming of this work is linked to chemical education, focusing organic chemistry classes of Chemical Engineering, Pharmacy and Zootechny graduate courses of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. For that, teaching-learning process related to basic chemical subjects which support the understanding of organic chemistry concepts was evaluated in a research period of two years. The education proposal linked to the theoretical content of the cited classes, pointed out the process of knowledge construction, in which educational commitment as well as dedication in the teaching-learning process was also valued. In that approach several didactic tools were applied, among them scientific articles were used as supplementary studies of the basic organic chemistry concepts and related. The acceptability of students, as well as their motivation, performance and learning process was justified by the data collection of the applied teaching methodology. The acceptability and commitment of the students facing this teaching interactive approach, which transversely contributed to the intellectual maturity growth of the students, as well their professional development, were evidenced by satisfactory obtained results that will be herein discussed

Validação de metodologia para análise de aminas bioativas em camarão utilizando cromatografia de íons

In this study, we worked with the validation of a methodology for analysis of bioactive amines in shrimp, considering it to be one of the main products of the northriograndense trade balance, maintaining the state of Rio Grande do Norte topped the list of Brazilian exports of this product the last decade. The sector of the Brazilian shrimp works exclusively with gray shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei since the late 1990s. This study used liquid chromatography with conductimetric detector, using as the mobile phase methylsulfonic 3 mM acid (MSA) with gradient and phase C18 column with reverse the development of methodology for the analysis of bioactive amines in shrimp. In the sample preparation was used as 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) extraction solution. Validation analysis of biotativas amines (putrescine - PUT, histamine - HIST, agmatine - AGM, spermidine - EPD and spermine - EPN) in shrimp, the linear working range was 0.1 to 2.0 mg L-1 to was sensitive, homoscedastic, in effect, selective, accurate and precise array. Thus, considered feasible for these determinations bioactive amines in this array. Determined the concentration of these amines in fresh shrimps (AGM = 0.61 ± 0.05 mg kg- 1 EPD = 2.57 ± 0.14 mg kg-1 and EPN = 1.79 ± 0.11 mg kg-1), and freezing weather predetermined in cooked shrimp (AGM = 6.28 ± 0.18 mg kg-1, EPD = 12.72 ± 0.02 mg kg- 1 and EPN = 22.30 ± 0.60 mg kg-1), the shrimp with twenty-four hour stay at room temperature (PUT = 879.52 ± 28.12 mg kg-1, AGM = 848.13 ± 19.40 mg kg-1, ESPD = 13.59 ± 0.97 mg kg-1 and ESPN = 18.47 + 1.57 mg kg-1). In shrimp subjected to freezing for a week, two weeks, three weeks and four weeks, the results showed that there is an increase in the content of agmatine (7.31 ± 0.21 mg kg-1) while in spermine ( 1.22 ± 0.14 mg kg-1) and spermidine (below limit of quantification) there was a decrease in the freeze time, while there is a decrease in the level of spermidine not reaching detectad. The putrescine was only found in shrimp that remained for 24 hours at room temperature and histamine was not found in any of the samples