138 resultados para conceito de Saúde doença e Paciente
Resumo:
Through the analysis of the informational activity at the primary care of SUS at the scale of places, this dissertation has as central objective to observe the dispute for the concepts of health and sickness, in the ambit of Brazilian Health Movement, featuring, on one hand, the clinic, biomedical or flexnerian line hegemonic, scientifically restrict and the primary frame of references for the Brazilian health politics and on the other hand a multiplicity of new proposals and critic thoughts to the current model, which have , as common characteristic, the worry with a territorial way of thinking the health context, therefore beyond the biological processes. On the first chapter we jut out with details these scientific and ideological movements, on a wider way, but also on the specificities of the public health s information politics. On the second chapter we analyze the downward health information circle at the basic care, observing the operational processes of the information s technical systems SIAB and e-SUS. On the third and last chapter, we give references to think about an upward health information circle, centered on the places, ruled by the notions of autonomy, organic solidarity and communicational density. It would possess, as method s primary horizon, the local organization of production and managing of information through the work of the Health Community Agent, privileging therefore the urgency of the most contingent needs of the people in theirs every day s life
Resumo:
Study, a descriptive-like one, is guided by ethnographic principles which have analyzed the elderly within the familiar context in his/her process of health and aging, in the neighborhood called Felipe Camaro, located in the western administrative region of Natal, RN, a Northeastern city of Brazil. The participants are elders aging 61 to 84 years old, living in this referring neighborhood, whose majority is constituted of migrants from the rural region of the state of the RN, retired, including widows, widowers and married couples, with low school-educational degree. For the information gathering it was utilized a semi-structured interview, the participant observation and the field diary, being put into effect, in majority, in the houses and in the Family Health Unit, in a period between March and October of 2006. For the results discussion it was utilized an analysis of thematic content and the program ALCESTE (In Portuguese, Anlise Lxica por Contexto de um Conjunto de Segmentos de Texto or Lexical Analysis by Context of a Set of Text Segments), which through have emerged two corpus: the corpus I, Family and the elderly, and corpus II, The elderly and the aging within society. The analysis of the results has permitted to conclude that the family, also used by the public policies as a strategy of their practices in health, it is a necessary base support for the elderly citizen in his/her process of aging and of health. The elders familiar contexts have allowed this study to identify the existence of minimal social conditions of life, of new rearrangements of the current families by means of the plurigenerational acquaintanceship and the active presence of the elderly woman as a maintainer of this family; also by means of conflicted relationships among one another but in a bearable level of acquaintanceship. Different conceptions about the aging and the elderly generate disagreement and divergency however the family support and help for the solving of these problems and the attention to health are proceeding from the family components. However, it is noticed that loneliness is something present in these elder s everyday lives. About the attention to health, in a basic level of it, it was noticed that there are still a lot of gaps, mainly concerning promotional and preventing actions, deserving a higher sensitization and effort by the local health institutions
Resumo:
La sant et la maladie sont des objets de proccupation dans la socit. Tout au long de l'histoire de l'humanit, ils ont t traits sous diffrents yeux. La gographie est une faon de comprendre les processus lis des questions de sant et de maladie, de faon privilgie dans le but d'tre une science concernes par la zone gographique o cela implique non seulement une structure de la matire, mais les personnes et les flux dcoulant de la relation est tablie Entre la socit et la nature. Un lien est tabli entre l'organisation spatiale de la sant-maladie est au c ur de ce travail, avec la coupe Guarapes espace du quartier, situ dans l'ouest de la Rgion administrative de Natal (plus bolso pauvret de la ville) pour la priode correspondante de la 1990 par 2004 (jalon important pour le bien et la dynamique des populations de la zone d'tude) et de rduire le temps de la recherche. Au cours de l'analyse procde l'tude des formes de production et d'organisation de l'espace vcu. Depuis comprendre le quotidien des personnes souffrant d'un rseau de relations, motivs par les besoins et la solidarit qui gnrent des formes et des contenus qui faonnent l'aire gographique. Sur la base de revue de la littrature, la recherche empirique travers la ralisation des feuilles de route des entretiens avec le reprsentant des gens du quartier (rsidents, des dirigeants communautaires, des coordonnateurs pdagogiques, des infirmires et des agents de sant de la PSF). Outre les visites effectues l'Agence de rgulation des services d'assainissement de la municipalit de Nol - ARSBAN, le Secrtariat spcial pour l'Environnement et Urbanisme - SEMURB, secrtaire du Travail et de la protection sociale SEMTAS, Secrtariat municipal de la sant - SMS. Sur la base de l'espace vcu voir que les lments du quotidien local exercer une forte influence sur la sant et La maladie de la population tudie, avec un accent sur les problmes dcoulant de chmage, sous-emploi, l'inscurit et un manque d'assiduit de certains responsables de l'USF - Guarapes. La production et l'organisation de la rgion convergent l'apparition de maisons, les rues et les petits commerces non quips de l'infrastructure de base ddie la prise en charge des personnes favorables l'occupation dsordonne et non planifie pour plusieurs zones du district, ainsi que l'apparition De vecteurs transmetteurs de maladies
Resumo:
Le present travail a pour objectif, discuter le dialogue entre deux des formes de penser le processos sant-maladie: la mdcine traditionnelle et celle scientifique. Et cette dernire reprsente par le Systme Unique de Sant, particulirement par une quipe de Sant de la Famille. Partant du questionnement quel est le rle de chaque systme de sant dans les problmes sanitaires ainsi que dans la prvention des maladies?, il sagit de vrifier si l cologie des Savoirs discute par Santos (2007) a t applique dans les deux manires de penser et pratiquer les politiques de sant; tenant em compte que chacune delles ayant son champ de possibilites et dimpossibilits agit directement sur le quotidien des aires gographiques concerns par la recherche: le District de So Joo do Abade dans le Municipe de Curu/PA et lquipe de Sant de la Famille Abade localise dans ce mme district. Cette tude fut ralise partir dinstruments de collecte de donnes comme la recherche de terrain, lobservation directe et les interviews semi-structurs (HAGUETTE, 1997) e apports thoriques partir de certains des concepts cls les plus utiliss par les pistmologies du Sud o nous mettons en relief l' cologie des Savoirs (Santos, 2007); le travail de Traduction (SANTOS, 2008); la Sociologie des Absences et la Sociologie des mergences (SANTOS, 2004); le concept de Sant-Maladie (MINAYO, 1988); ainsi que les discussions autor des Savoirs de la Tradition (ALMEIDA, 2010; RAMALHO et ALMEIDA, 2011). La stratgie Sant de la Famille fut pense travers la vision de Guedelha (2008) et Vilar et al. (2011) o partir de cette dernire la discussion sur le concept de Mdcine Communautaire (DONNANGELO e PEREIRA, 1976) comme recours importante dans la recherche de l cologie des Savoirs dans la Stratgie Sant de la Famille a t possible.
Resumo:
COSTA, Roberta Kaliny de Souza ; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz ; MENEZES, Rejane Maria Paiva de . Trabalho em equipe em saúde: uma anlise contextual. Cincia, Cuidado e Saúde, v. 7, p. 530-536, 2008.
Resumo:
This research aimed at evaluating oral health education activities for Periodontitis carriers, emphasizing the motivation for self-care and understanding the cultural aspects involved. This was a qualitative and quantitative study. Based on the qualitative referential, 20 interviews were done, in which differences between scientific and popular explicative models of the health-illness process were verified, besides the increased knowledge and motivation in relation to the use of preventive measures and also the fails in the understanding of the chronic character of periodontitis, enhancing frustration and guilty feelings in the patients. Two groups were structured: intervention and control. The intervention group was submitted to clinical attendance and education activities, while the control group undergone the traditional clinical attendance only. The sample consisted of 51 participants of intervention group and 47 of control group. Structured interviews were conducted at the beginning and at the end of the treatment in order to evaluate the knowledge and motivation for self-care in both groups. For comparison between the previous and post moments in both groups, there were applied McNemar tests with a probability of p < 0.05. In intervention group there was an increase in knowledge related to the name, the causes and related factors of the disease (p < 0.05). In control group there wasn t a rise in the understanding of the diseases chronic character, unlike in intervention group. However, in what concerns self-care, a greatest frequency in medium and high scores was observed in both groups. By this study, it is conclude that there is a common sense knowledge about the importance of preventive techniques and poor oral health as causing periodontitis; clinical interventions for bearers of chronic Periodontitis do not add values to the patients, regarding the illness, its causes and its chronic character; popular beliefs stay in their imagination, and the patients have a increased motivational capacity for self-care
Resumo:
This study is an analysis of opportunities and challenges of health assistance migration from hospitals to home care from the approach of the Domiciliary Internment Program (PID) in Natal / RN. The research aims to identify the ways that the multidisciplinary team act and know the stories of these professionals about the situation experienced in the transition between the instituting and instituted on home care modalities. PID has as a prior focus the elderly person in stable medical conditions, not to replace the hospital care, but to offer a therapeutic support turned to the exercise of their autonomy and coexistence with the situation of diseases. The home in their internal coexistence rules preserves own customs. As the hospital care migrates to the home care, it happens in the confrontation and rationality negotiation and becomes something new, that is going to be directed by an instituting dimension. In the view of New History, that suggests an interdisciplinary approach and interprets the problems on its time and from the technique of thematic oral history, it can be seen that working in interdisciplinary team is able to incorporate new values in the way of healthcare assistance, it longs for maintaining the maximum functional capacity of patients, it presents results as the prevention of diseases, costs reduction in connection with the Hospital Service, empowers and expands the possibilities for the patient recovery by aligning with the daily life and the opportunity of the patient being assisted by a multiprofessional team, interacting on the concrete reality. Therefore, PID is in line with the contemporary demands and as an instrument to be considered in the review of a wider concept of the health-disease process
Resumo:
O diabetes uma doença crnico-degenerativa de grande prevalncia na populao mundial configurando-se enquanto srio problema de saúde pblica. Por ser crnico exige dos sujeitos autocuidado e autogoverno longitudinal. A autonomia, por sua vez, um direito fundamental e tambm um dos princpios da biotica mais discutidos na atualidade. Seu conceito complexo e leva em conta a vida experimentada ao longo dos anos. Quando a discusso sobre autonomia se trata de diabetes, a dependncia do outro e os conflitos no controle da doença, diante de novas regras e estilos de vida, nem sempre condizentes com os valores dos pacientes, torna-a fragilizada. Embora a autonomia seja claramente parte integrante do tratamento e alicerce para uma vida digna e de qualidade, observamos que os sujeitos se tornam ainda mais dependentes dos servios de saúde, quando se deparam com o diagnstico e no tm confiana para tomar suas prprias decises diante da patologia limitadora. Por isso, h a necessidade dos servios de ateno primria saúde traarem estratgias para promover a saúde desses sujeitos. Os Grupos de Promoo da Saúde so estratgias recentemente utilizadas para influenciar no nvel de autonomia dos sujeitos, pois possibilitam, respeitando os limites ticos, a garantia de participao decisria no grupo, atravs de estratgias e treinamentos de habilidades com competncias claramente definidas, que favorecem o empowerment e o protagonismo dos sujeitos. Desse modo, este trabalho objetiva identificar estratgias no mbito da promoo da saúde na ESF, que contribuam para melhor autonomia e qualidade de vida dos sujeitos com diabetes mellitus, a partir de sua percepo. E, mais especificamente, analisar o perfil clnico e socioeconmico dos portadores de diabetes da ESF; identificar as experincias, necessidades e expectativas dos sujeitos com diabetes sobre autonomia, autocuidado e qualidade de vida; e realizar um levantamento em conjunto com os sujeitos com diabetes, sobre aspectos que sirvam de evidncias para construo de propostas para implantao de um Grupo Estratgico de Promoo da Saúde GEPS, com foco na autonomia. Para isto, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratria descritiva de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, com 65 sujeitos com diabetes acompanhados por uma Unidade de Saúde da Famlia do Municpio de Santa Cruz/RN. A pesquisa foi realizada em trs etapas interdependentes: 1) coleta de dados clnicos e socioeconmicos, para o qual foi utilizado entrevista estruturada e anlise retrospectiva dos registros feitos em seu pronturio; 2) a anlise das experincias, necessidades e expectativas dos sujeitos sobre autonomia, autocuidado e qualidade de vida, que se utilizou de entrevista semiestruturada com 6 sujeitos, sendo 3 com mais e 3 com menos complicaes autorreferidas e verificadas no pronturio; e 3) a construo coletiva de propostas para melhor autonomia e qualidade de vida dos prprios participantes do estudo, por meio de roda de conversa. Para a anlise dos dados utilizamos software de estatsticas simples para os dados das questes fechadas de cunho quantitativo e os dados qualitativos foram analisados atravs da anlise de contedo. Observamos que o perfil clnico e socioeconmicos dos sujeitos com diabetes aproximam-se das estatsticas nacionais, embora existam variveis, como cor da pele, com variao significativa. A autopercepo dos sujeitos diante de algumas complicaes divergem de registros encontrados em seu pronturio o que aponta uma possvel desvalorizao de queixas como hipoglicemia e disfuno sexual, como tambm baixa adeso ao tratamento por, muitas vezes, no terem suas opinies valorizadas. As categorias encontradas: vida, qualidade de vida, diagnostico e enfrentamento do problema, autonomia, limites e dependncia assim como as prticas coletivas de promoo da saúde, apontam para a necessidade de estratgias por meio de grupos que considerem as crenas e valores dos sujeitos, favoream sua emancipao e torne-os protagonistas de sua prpria histria e de seu processo saúde doença. A autonomia fundamental para o exerccio da cidadania efetiva. por meio dela que os sujeitos transformam sua realidade e a si mesmo. A contribuio desta pesquisa consiste em identificar estratgicas que se prope a potencializar a autonomia dos sujeitos, atravs dos GEPS, norteando a atuao dos profissionais na ateno primria saúde, que deve sustentarse em aes de preveno e promoo da saúde e tambm no incentivo participao popular e protagonismo dos sujeitos
Resumo:
It is a dissertation which has the Area of Concentration: Social Services, Vocational Training, Labour and Social Protection. Research Line: Social Services, Labor, Social Protection and Citizenship. Brings an approach to health and worker safety, approached on the organization of work in their processes of worker exploitation, analyzed from the critical perspective and all. Its central objective of uncovering how the organization of work affects the health of their workers, considering the working process in the capitalist mode of production, the health-disease relationship. Displays the worker, as determined by the work process, emphasizing, along the lines of capitalism, the consequences for the physical well-being, mental and social workers. To this end, we make a documentary and bibliographic research, whose point of analysis is based on the perspective of the centrality of work, recovering their sense of ontological Marx, through which the transformations are discussed in the working world, listed based on context productive restructuring of capital, which occurs along the imperialist stage of capitalist mode of production. It is problematized, though, worker health, analyzed from the wider definition of health as a field of public health, considering the work process in health-disease relationship. Finally, the research developed raised between 2006 and 2010, the Graduate Programs UFRN that address the range of issues studied in this dissertation. The scientific outputs are problematized as a way to reveal the theoretical trends (critical or conservative) which facilitate the thematic area
Resumo:
INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, the health training policies have been going through deep changes, which are the fruits of the sanitary reform and of the breakage with the biomedical model, still hegemonic. Nevertheless, the paradigm of comprehensiveness is being introduced in health and, in order to consolidate this concept, the training has been gaining new methodological approaches. One can mention the teaching-service interaction (education-health system/citizenship health), whose proposal enables the expansion of the perception of the health-disease process, as well as the warranty of compromises of training in relation to SUS. OBJECTIVE: Understand, from health professionals, the relevance of teaching-service-community interaction, vocational training of students of the Faculty of Health Sciences / UFRN. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES: This study is grounded on qualitative approach. The technique used to obtain research data was the focus group. Two focus groups (FG) were accomplished in two family basic health units of the municipality of Santa Cruz RN, where there is participation of professionals of the Family Health Strategy. The discussions were performed from a previously elaborated script. The analysis of results was held from the categorical thematic content technique. RESULTS: The study had the participation of 18 health professionals, and 13 (72%) were females. For these professionals, the teaching-service interaction enables the student to understand the model of comprehensive health care, since the contact with the community enhances its perception about the health-disease process, but also enables recognizing the importance of teamwork to comprehensive health care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results highlight the importance of a policy of reorientation within the context of training so that students have an early contact with the service and therefore develop technical skills within the context in which they are inserted.
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A Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) refere-se a um campo do saber que compreende as relaes entre o trabalho e o processo saúde/doença de modo articulado a um corpo de prticas tericas interdisciplinares. No contexto das possibilidades para se efetivar a ST na amplitude que exige este conceito, diferentes iniciativas de Educao Popular em Saúde se articulam com demandas do Controle Social em Saúde, permitindo novas abordagens para configurar a formao crtica e ativa de trabalhadores de saúde e movimentos sociais no mosaico das polticas de ST. Nessa direo, os projetos de extenso universitria orientados pela Educao Popular tm desvelado caminhos metodolgicos e novas possibilidades tericas de pensar a Ateno Saúde do Trabalhador, de forma articulada com a necessidade de re-significar o processo de formao dos profissionais da saúde, com nfase no cuidado integral na ateno saúde. O estudo promovido por ocasio do Doutoramento em Cincias da Saúde propiciou a avaliao do impacto e da potncia das aes destes projetos na reorientao do cuidado guiado pela educao popular no campo da saúde do trabalhador. A sistematizao foi utilizada como principal estratgia metodolgica para a produo dos dados analisados, alm de estratgias de pesquisa qualitativa como constituintes da fase exploratria do estudo, tendo como tcnica central, nesse sentido, o grupo focal. Os resultados mostraram mudanas significativas no processo do cuidar em saúde guiado pela educao popular, A reorientao de prticas e saberes, coadunadas aos princpios fundamentais do Sistema nico de Saúde, foi observada nos sujeitos que participaram da experincia. A sistematizao da experincia permitiu ainda concluir que estratgias de dilogo, organizao poltico-social e troca de experincias de vida se apresentam como cenrio significativo no compartilhamento de cultura e saúde do trabalhador, oportunizando crescimento coletivo e melhor qualidade de vida.
Resumo:
COSTA, Roberta Kaliny de Souza ; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz ; MENEZES, Rejane Maria Paiva de . Trabalho em equipe em saúde: uma anlise contextual. Cincia, Cuidado e Saúde, v. 7, p. 530-536, 2008.
Resumo:
This study searches in approaching diverse pertinent aspects to the immigration process that affects the countries of the European Union especially in Portugal. The works deriving from this research has its objective in: analyzing the risk, work and health in Brazilian immigrants residing in Lisbon, Portugal. As methodological way, we use the instruments: Test of Free Association of Words and half-structuralized interview. For in such a way, they had been processed in software s for analysis between them: SPSS 14,5, Evoc, Trideux and Alceste. The not-boarded results in this study will be worked as clippings and will be sent for posterior publication. Thus, I consider this work enriching, in view of contributing of the same as mechanisms of understanding of being a immigrant and the possibility of the mobilization of the society and the academic environment for a phenomenon growing each time more, especially, the professionals of health, so we can intervine in a more necessary form within the factors that affects this population layer directly
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health care of HIV/AIDS Reference Center for treatment of AIDS in Natal/RN for professionals and service users. Methods: This is an evaluative study with a quantitative approach, performed in the outpatient Giselda Trigueiro Hospital, in Natal (RN). The target population consisted of 313 patients with HIV and 34 professionals of the center. Data collection occurred from august 2007 to july 2008, with a structured form of interview, validated through a pilot study. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The evaluation of the service was considered unsatisfactory by 85.6% users. However, 58.8% of professionals considered it satisfactory. There was difference in the evaluation of the following indicators: the relationship professional users, offering support, timeliness of professional guidelines on the treatment. There was similarity in the following indicators: physical structure, respect for privacy, opportunity to make complaints, hospitality, convenience of schedules, availability of ARVs and laboratory tests, and ease of access. Conclusion: The results point to dissatisfaction of the users and professional satisfaction with the health care of people with HIV / AIDS in the service searched. It was found that the indicators used in this study may be considered relevant to evaluate the service in question, as well as monitoringparameters provide acceptable quality of health care by the National STD/AIDS
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Physical therapy has suffered of a mechanistic influence, with the superspecialization and fragmentation of learning, which interfers directly in the professional s understanding of the body, besides affecting his therapeutic performance. Worried about this reality, this research analyzed perceptions of Physical therapy students from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte and Universidade Potiguar about the human body. This is a descriptive study where 167 students were evaluated through objective and subjective responses to questionnaires designited QUEB Questionnare of understanding body evaluation. Searching the complement of the datas the QUEB open-ended was created, which gives freedom to students to answer freely. This questionnnaire was applicated on a subgroup composed by 21 students of the Health Sociology subject of the Physical therapy course. The validation process of these questionnaires included strategies of a panel of experts and face validity. The theorical reference analyzed based on the studies which favor the rejoining of knowledge represented by transdisciplinary support. The analysis of the results were performed quantitativavely and qualitatively through categorization of the responses selectioning key-words and the most expressive discourses , besides using descritive statistics interpretation. According to the responses, the body thought only thought biologically, ignoring the understanding of man as a cultural and social construction, confirming the presence of the reductionist model, with overvalorization of early specialization, technical training and purely biological and mechanical considerations of the body and its mobility. Probably, the dialogic knowledge of the body human inside Physical Therapist s learning can promote a growth of health s concept and a true activeness of Physical therapy on it, being the body a link with social environment. So, through understanding of the body as a complex form, the physical therapy will be able to attend your patients considerating their biological characteristics, but so the religious, political, social and ethics. Finally, this reflection suggests a search for a less technical vision, which allows the professional to discern more than segments of the body and which will contribute to a wider understanding of the patient and his social context, leading to greater humanization of the body , improvement in services and consequently, in the quality of life of these patients
