Um olhar multicultural sobre as políticas públicas para indígenas no governo federal

Este trabalho parte da premissa de que as políticas públicas universalistas não podem ser concebidas uniformemente para uma população sem se considerarem as diferenças culturais, porque tal situação comprometeria os resultados desejados. Para elucidarmos melhor tal premissa, selecionamos a questão indígena brasileira. A referência teórica desta pesquisa, o multiculturalismo, é estrangeira, portanto não ignoramos as limitações e a necessidade de adaptação de que necessita quando transportada para a realidade brasileira. De duas análises já existentes sobre o nível de políticas multiculturais nos países Latinos, comparamos a situação do Brasil com os outros países a fim de formar uma idéia geral sobre o contexto brasileiro em relação aos demais. A pesquisa, então, parte da revisão das condições históricas dos indígenas desde os anos 1970 e é complementada com indicadores demográficos das populações autóctones cotejadas com a nacional. Nesse momento já podemos apontar as dificuldades no aspecto normativo das políticas públicas multiculturais. Uma análise detalhada das propostas de políticas públicas específicas para os indígenas, no Plano Plurianual de 2008-2011 do Governo Federal, indica possíveis contradições entre diferentes programas e ações. Também verificamos a forma como o Ministério da Educação (MEC) e a sua Secretaria específica (SECAD/MEC) abordam a questão da diversidade cultural, na defesa de programas e ações sob perspectiva diferente dos do multiculturalismo. Finalizamos com um estudo dos limites e das oportunidades desse tratamento na questão indígena no Brasil, do que se conclui que há um movimento incipiente pró-multiculturalismo no país.

Negociações internacionais : como interagir em um ambiente multicultural

Considero os diversos aspectos que norteiam o sucesso em uma negociação, focando as negociações que envolvem parceiros de cultums distintas. Aborda a importância crescente que as transações internacionais estão tendo no contexto mundial e algumas teorias comportamentais paro obter maior eficiência quando se está negociando com pessoas de culturas distintas. Apresenta exemplos e teorias paro que ocorra a negociação racional, implicando em ganhos substancias paro ambas as partes. Refuta o conceito de que paro uma das partes obtenha sucesso em uma negociação, a outra parte necessariamente tenha que arcar com prejuízos.

Structural challenges in a multipolar and multicultural global legal era : BRICS’ global legal politics beyond cultural and economic partnerships

New emerging international dynamics introduce a global poly-axiological polycentric disorder which undermines the tradition of a unique global legal order in international law. Modern Era was characterized by Western European civilizational model – from which human rights is a byproduct. This consensus had its legitimacy tested by XXst century’s scenario – and the ‘BRICS factor/actor’ is a symptom of this reality. Its empowerment in world politics lead to the rise of distinct groups of States/civilizations provided with different legal, political, economic and social traditions – promoting an unexpected uprise of otherness in international legal order and inviting it to a complete and unforeseeable reframing process. Beyond Washington or Brussels Consensus, other custom-originated discourses (Brasília, Moscow, New Delhi, Peking or Cape Town Consensus, among other unfolded possibilities) will probably henceforth attempt shaping international law in present global legal disorder.

A sociometric analysis for the creation of an integrated multicultural work team

This research aimed to apply the sociometric theory and its methodology to create an integrated multicultural work team. The study focused on the application of the sociometry theory, developed by Jacob L. Moreno in 1934, to analyze the small multicultural group. In the beginning, a review of the literature was done to have a better understanding of Sociometric Theory as well as the modern tools and software developed to analyze and map the social networks. After this part of the study, the qualitative study was done, in which 26 students from 12 countries, which studied together in a Corporate International Master (2014-2015), developed by Georgetown University’s McDonough School of Business, Corporate Master of Business Administration from ESADE Business School and FGV/EBAPE, were surveyed and asked them to choose people, among the selected group, who they attracted, rejected or they were neutral towards, in 4 different scenarios: work team, leadership, trip (leisure time) and personal problem. Additionally, there were, two questions asked about how they felt when they answered the survey and which question(s) was/were difficult to answer and why. The focus on these two questions was to understand the emotional state of the respondents when they answered the survey and related this emotional state to the Sociometric Theory. The sociometric matrix, using Microsoft Excel, was created using the answers and the total of the positive, negative and neutral choices were analyzed for each scenario as well as the mutualities and incongruences of the choices. Furthermore, the software Kumu was used to analyze the connections between the people in the selected group using three metrics: size, degree centrality and indegree. Also Kumu was used to draw the social maps or sociometric maps. Using the relationship level analyses of the sociometric matrix and maps, it was possible to create an integrated multicultural work team. In the end, the results obtained suggest that it is possible to apply the sociometric methodology to study the relationships inside companies, project teams and work teams and identify the best work team based on the interrelationship between the people as well as the lack of communication among the team members, project team or inside the company as a whole.