Eco-eficiencia e eco- efetividade como direcionadores de geração de valor em projetos

Este trabalho objetivou utilizar a metodologia de análise clínica para verificar se as empresas multinacionais com operação no Brasil aplicam os conceitos de eco-eficiência e eco-efetividade como direcionadores de valor para a aprovação de projetos. A metodologia geração de valor sustentável para o acionista desenvolvida por Hart e Milstein (2003) foi escolhida para ser a base da análise clínica. A análise clínica foi realizada em empresa multinacional listada entre as 500 maiores empresas do mundo e apontada como melhores práticas pelo índice de sustentabilidade Dow Jones, da bolsa de valores dos Estados Unidos da América. A análise clínica demonstrou que a empresa incorpora em sua política de aprovação de projetos de investimento os conceitos de sustentabilidade ambiental, sendo eficiente para a maioria dos aspectos de verificação com base na geração de valor sustentável para o acionista, sendo falha apenas na análise do ciclo de vida dos produtos.

Tourism and poverty relief

This paper examines the issue of how tourism affects poverty in the context of the effects of tourism on an economy as a whole and on particular sectors within it. A framework for analysing the channels through which tourism affects different households is developed, and a computable general equilibrium model of the Brazilian economy is used to examine the economic impact and distributional effects of tourism in Brazil. It is shown that the effects on all income groups are positive. The lowest income households benefit from tourism but by less than some higher income groups. Policies that could redistribute greater shares of the revenue to the poor are considered.

Market entry of an innovative technology : the example of a new app on the Brazilian tourism market

The Brazilian start-up Local Wander plans to enter the tourism sector with a mobile application aiming to enable a new form of travel research. A web-based survey has been sent out to the start-up’s target audience (n: 236) in order to gain further relevant information for the designing of Local Wander’s market entry strategy. By applying the diffusion of innovation theory, this thesis could detect five different adopter categories, originally described by Rogers (1962), among Local Wander’s target audience based on their adoption intention. The Early Market was observed to be significantly bigger than the theory predicted. Research revealed four characteristics to be of significant impact on the adoption intention: Relative Perceived Product Advantage, Perceived Product Complexity, Compatibility with digital travel research sources, and the adopter’s Innovativeness towards mobile applications. Specific characteristics in order to identify Local Wander’s early users, the so called Innovators, were detected giving indications for further necessary company market research. Findings showed that the diffusion of innovation framework is a helpful tool for start-ups’ prospective decision making and market entry strategy planning.