A influência paterna na proficiência escolar de alunos da rede municipal paulistana

Os problemas do ensino público brasileiro sempre foram pauta para diversos estudos econômicos e sociais. Os problemas não são apenas de quantidade – de mais vagas, escolas ou professores. É, principalmente, de qualidade. Grande parte do corpo docente não possui domínio das disciplinas que lecionam e não possui remuneração que garanta satisfação e vontade de ensinar. As escolas não oferecem infraestrutura adequada para os alunos - faltam investimentos em tecnologia, acessibilidade, cursos extracurriculares. Com isso, a influência dos pais na vida escolar dos filhos pode ser fator importante na proficiência acadêmica do estudante, podendo garantir maior rendimento escolar para os alunos brasileiros. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar se algumas atitudes dos pais podem desempenhar papel importante na proficiência escolar de seus filhos. Para isso foram utilizados dados da Prova São Paulo dos anos de 2009 e 2010. Este exame foi aplicado nas escolas da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de São Paulo. Verificou-se que a interação entre os pais e a escola, assim como a interação entre pais e filhos, é significante no desempenho escolar dos alunos. Pais que participam do dia-a-dia escolar causam efeitos positivos na proficiência dos seus filhos. Constatou-se também, que alunos cujo rendimento escolar piora ao longo do tempo recebem mais ajuda dos seus pais nas tarefas escolares.

The stakeholders‟ involvement in the process of building and maintaining a destination brand

A destination is a place that attracts visitors for a temporary stay to participate in tourism related activities or non- activities. Globalization, the increased number of travelers and the increased buying power have increased the competition between the destinations and the destinations have become more substitutable. It has been agreed that destinations can be branded as well as products and to be competitive it is getting common to brand destinations. Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) are responsible for the marketing of an identifiable destination. The purpose of this study is to present an exploratory study of how a destination marketing organization creates and builds a strong destination brand and how the stakeholders have been involved in the process. The study is done with a qualitative case study approach. The case study was chosen as the research method to make a detailed and intensive analysis of the research objective, in this case the destination brand of Brazil and its stakeholders.

Cyclicality of SME Lending and Government Involvement in Banks

Recent regulatory efforts aim at lowering the cyclicality of bank lending because of its potential detrimental effects on financial stability and the real economy. We investigate the cyclicality of SME lending by local banks with vs. without a public mandate, controlling for location, size, loan maturity, funding structure, liquidity, profitability, and credit demand-side factors. The public mandate is set by local governments and stipulates a deviation from strict profit maximization and a sustainable provision of financial services to local customers. We find that banks with a public mandate are 25 percent less cyclical than other local banks. The result is credit supply-side driven and especially strong for savings banks with high liquidity and stable deposit funding. Our findings have implications for the banking structure, financial stability and the finance-growth nexus in a local context.

Cyclicality of SME lending and government involvement in banks

Recent regulatory efforts aim at lowering the cyclicality of bank lending because of its potential detrimental effects on financial stability and the real economy. We investigate the cyclicality of SME lending by local banks with vs. without a public mandate, controlling for location, size, loan maturity, funding structure, liquidity, profitability, and credit demand-side factors. The public mandate is set by local governments and stipulates a deviation from strict profit maximization and a sustainable provision of financial services to local customers. We find that banks with a public mandate are 25 percent less cyclical than other local banks. The result is credit supply-side driven and especially strong for savings banks with high liquidity and stable deposit funding. Our findings have implications for the banking structure, financial stability and the finance-growth nexus in a local context.