Current account and capital mobility hypothesis: Evidence from the G-7

This paper investigates an intertemporal optimization model in order to analyze the current account of the G-7 countries, measured as the present value of the future changes in net output. The study compares observed and forecasted series, generated by the model, using Campbell & Shiller’s (1987) methodology. In the estimation process, the countries are considered separately (with OLS technique) as well as jointly (SURE approach), to capture contemporaneous correlations of the shocks in net output. The paper also proposes a note on Granger causality and its implications to the optimal current account. The empirical results are sensitive to the technique adopted in the estimation process and suggest a rejection of the model in the G-7 countries, except for the USA and Japan, according to some papers presented in the literature.

Um Estudo sobre Rent-Seeking e seus Efeitos sobre a Acumulação de Capital e Bem Estar

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Corporate capital structure revisited: incomplete markets and default

After Modigliani and Miller (1958) presented their capital structure irrelevance proposition, analysis of corporate Önancing choices involving debt and equity instruments have generally followed two trends in the literature, where models either incorporate informational asymmetries or introduce tax beneÖts in order to explain optimal capital structure determination (Myers, 2002). None of these features is present in this paper, which develops an asset pricing model with the purpose of providing a positive theory of corporate capital structure by replicating main aspects of standard contractual practice observed in real markets. Alternatively, the imperfect market structure of the economy is tailored to match what is most common in corporate reality. Allowance for default on corporate debt with an associated penalty of seizure of Örmís future cash áows by creditors is introduced, for instance. In this context, a qualitative assessment of Önancial managersídecisions is carried out through numerical procedures.

Índice de controle de capitais : uma análise da legislação e dos determinantes do fluxo de capital no Brasil no período 1990-2000

A liberalização da conta capital foi um fato marcante na década de 1990, no Brasil. Este trabalho se propõe a construir um índice baseado em Cardoso e Goldfajn (1997), para estudar, em termos quantitativos, a influência da legislação de controle de capital. Para isso, foi realizado um minucioso trabalho de pesquisa que abordou cerca de 200 principais normativos editados pelo Banco Central e Ministério da Fazenda, que afetaram o fluxo de capital no período 1990 - 2000. Concluímos que esse período foi marcado pela liberalização do fluxo de capital, com alguns subperíodos onde houve restrição, principalmente, à saída de capital. Nosso estudo também confirmou que o diferencial entre a taxa de juros doméstica e externa, o Plano Real, a legislação e os efeitos provocados pelas crises mexicana, asiática e russa foram fatores determinantes para explicar o fluxo de capital total entre 1990 e 2000. Ou seja, os fatores pull, push e efeito contágio foram importantes, conjuntamente, para determinar o fluxode capital total