O futuro do emprego sob a ótica de uma nova migração de riquezas entre nações à luz de um mundo globalizado: um debate entre Paul Kennedy e Domenico de Masi

The final objective of this work will be to develop a study collating the theses defended for the historian Paul Kennedy and sociologist Domenico De Masi, presenting the ma in factors that influence in the process of migration of the jobs for the developed countries or in its maintenance in the countries in development, verifying if it has signals of flexibility in such process as reply to the fast technological development andl or the expansion of the "creative leisure". The present work has for purpose to search not them last and projected taxes of growth of work, but yes the factors that appear less in the threshold of related centuries XX and XXI to the human work and a possible route of migration of the existing jobs in the developed countries for the nations richest of the planet what it would lead, for consequence, to a still bigger inequality it enters the poor nations richest and, leading to a social collapse caused by the aggravation of the inequality in this distribution of income between the peoples.

Escolinhas particulares: estudo de caso de escolas de primeiro grau paralelas ao sistema oficial em Vila Kennedy, R.J.

O presente trabalho tenta conhecer como se apresentam as Escolinhas Particulares ao desenvolverem atividades de ensino regular, a nivel de primeiro grau, na residência de moradores do conjunto habitacional de Vila Kennedy, situado na periferia do Rio de Janeiro. Pretende caracterizar seus professores, bem como a clientela que utiliza este recurso. Procura ainda analisar as funções especificamente educacionais desempenhadas pelas Escolinhas, assim como as funções colaterais, com relação às professoras e às mães dos alunos. O estudo de caso foi elaborado a partir de uma abordagem que combina diferentes tecnicas, numa tentativa de considerar o tema sob vários ângulos. Foram utilizados a observação direta, entrevistas, questionários e ainda fontes documentais. Trabalhou-se com diretores e professoras que atuam nas Escolas Oficiais do conjunto até a quarta serie, professores de Escolinhas Particulares, pais e alunos atendidos por estes ultimos. Constatou-se que as Escolinhas mantem uma relação muito estreita com o sistema oficial de ensino, suplementando a atuação deste. São vistas pelas famílias dos alunos como uma forma de obter sucesso na Escola Oficial, conseguir o diploma e melhorar as condições de vida futura dos filhos, ocupando ainda o tempo livre das crianças. Representa, por outro lado, uma estratégia de sobrevivência da mulher pobre - a professora - que, atuando em sua própria residência, sente como atenuado o problema de sua dupla função: dona de casa e professora.

Três reações a um panfleto de Duncan Kennedy

Kennedy, Duncan, Legal education and the reproduction of hierarchy: A polemic against the system: A critical edition, New York: New York university press, 2004.

Investment coordination failures and the confidence channel of fiscal policy

Este trabalho desenvolve um novo "canal de Confiança" da política fiscal e caracteriza a política ótima quando esse canal é levado em consideração. Para esse objetivo, utilizamos um modelo estático com (i) concorrência monopolística, (ii) custos de ajustamento fixos para investir, (iii) complementaridade estratégica devido a informação imperfeita com respeito a produtividade agregada, e (iv) bens privados como substitutos imperfeitos de bens privados. Este arcabouço acomoda a possibilidade de falhas de coordenação nos investimentos, mas apresenta um equilíbrio único. Mostramos que a política fiscal tem efeitos importantes na coordenação. Um aumento dos gastos do governo leva a uma maior demanda por bens privados. Mais importante, este também afeta as expectativas de ordem superior com relação a demanda das demais firmas, que amplifica os efeitos do aumento inicial da demanda devido a complementaridade estratégica nas decisões de investimento. Como as demais firmas estão se deparam com uma demanda maior, espera-se que estas invistam mais, que por sua vez, aumenta a demanda individual de cada firma, que aumenta os incentivos a investir. Denominamos isto como o "canal de confiança" da política fiscal. Sob a ameaça de falhas de coordenação, a política fiscal ótima prescreve produzir além do ponto em que o benefício marginal resultante do consumo de bens públicos é igual ao custo marginal desses bens. Este benefício adicional vem do fato de que a política fiscal pode ampliar a coordenação dos investimentos.

Essays on the credit channel of monetary policy: a case study for Brazil

The onset of the financial crisis in 2008 and the European sovereign crisis in 2010 renewed the interest of macroeconomists on the role played by credit in business cycle fluctuations. The purpose of the present work is to present empirical evidence on the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Brazil with a special eye on the role played by the credit channel, using different econometric techniques. It is comprised by three articles. The first one presents a review of the literature of financial frictions, with a focus on the overlaps between credit activity and the monetary policy. It highlights how the sharp disruptions in the financial markets spurred central banks in developed and emerging nations to deploy of a broad set of non conventional tools to overcome the damage on financial intermediation. A chapter is dedicated to the challenge face by the policymaking in emerging markets and Brazil in particular in the highly integrated global capital market. This second article investigates the implications of the credit channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in the case of Brazil, using a structural FAVAR (SFAVAR) approach. The term “structural” comes from the estimation strategy, which generates factors that have a clear economic interpretation. The results show that unexpected shocks in the proxies for the external finance premium and the credit volume produce large and persistent fluctuations in inflation and economic activity – accounting for more than 30% of the error forecast variance of the latter in a three-year horizon. Counterfactual simulations demonstrate that the credit channel amplified the economic contraction in Brazil during the acute phase of the global financial crisis in the last quarter of 2008, thus gave an important impulse to the recovery period that followed. In the third articles, I make use of Bayesian estimation of a classical neo-Keynesian DSGE model, incorporating the financial accelerator channel developed by Bernanke, Gertler and Gilchrist (1999). The results present evidences in line to those already seen in the previous article: disturbances on the external finance premium – represented here by credit spreads – trigger significant responses on the aggregate demand and inflation and monetary policy shocks are amplified by the financial accelerator mechanism. Keywords: Macroeconomics, Monetary Policy, Credit Channel, Financial Accelerator, FAVAR, DSGE, Bayesian Econometrics

Robust monetary policy with the consumption - wealth channel

Robust Monetary Policy with the Consumption - Wealth Channel

How children's television networks in the United States have adapted to the changing digital habits of their young audiences: A comparative analysis between the Disney Channel and Nickelodeon

In the contemporary societies, many children are drawn to digital media, using it in ways that were initially unfathomable. Changing digital habits among young children have been affiliated to the rapid development, witnessed in the technological field. Prevalently, new forms of technology are being developed and ingrained into young children’s day-to-day activities. The emergence of new forms of technology has in turn prompted significant changes in digital and media consumption particularly, among young children. Changes in media and digital consumption have in turn instigated linear transition in the analogue media industries. This has resulted in analogue media networks working towards digitalizing their industries in a manner that will befit changing digital habits among young children. This report aims at establishing and analyzing the different ways in which children’s digital habits have changed and revolutionized. To achieve this, the report will critically examine the existing scope of knowledge, with reference to changing digital habits among young audiences. Further, the report also aims at establishing the manner in which children television networks have adapted to the changing digital habits among young audiences. To achieve this, the report will focus on two children television networks, Disney channel, and Nickelodeon. After which, a comparative analysis will be conducted to establish the changes made by each of these television channels, with the aim of adapting to the new digital habits among children.