Medidas de desempenho de fundos considerando risco de estimação

Neste artigo são apresentadas duas medidas de desempenho de fundos mútuos de investimento baseadas nos índices de Sharpe Generalizado e de Sortino, que são ajustadas para o risco de estimação através de intervalos de confiança gerados por meio de procedimentos de bootstrap. O uso das medidas propostas é útil para fundos de investimento que empregam gestão ativa, ou seja, que tenham como objetivo superar um determinado índice de referência. Os índices propostos neste artigo serão comparados com os índices de Sharpe Generalizado e de Sortino originais e com o duplo índice de Sharpe de Vinod e Morey (1999), com uma amostra de 100 fundos do mercado brasileiro no período de 2004, onde serão analisados os resultados de ranqueamento de diferentes fundos conforme seu desempenho. Os resultados dos ranqueamentos e da correlação de Spearman mostram que há grandes mudanças de ranqueamento quando se utiliza as medidas propostas em comparação com as medidas já existentes, principalmente quando se emprega o boostrap studentizado.

Which strategies can an educational business, such as a kindergarten in Germany, develop to foster employee engagement?

Which strategies can an educational business, such as a Kindergarten in Germany, develop to foster employee engagement? The goal of this master thesis is to identify effective and viable measures to engage employees, that could be potentially implemented in a Kindergarten in Germany. The literature concerning the notion of employee engagement is so inconsistent that even studies about the subject fail to find one common definition and have to acknowledge the variety of existing definitions (IES, 2014, p.52-53). This reflects the youth of the concept, which has only been partially studied by academics and practitioners in recent years. The literature gap about employee engagement concerns many aspects, among which small companies and educational businesses, in particular those focusing on early child development. Considering the low levels of employee engagement in Germany combined with the absence of studies on educational organizations focusing in early child development this master thesis studies engagement in German Kindergärten(s). This master thesis is divided in two parts consisting of a literature review and a case study. The literature review allows to follow the evolution of the concept along the years, while the case study focuses on assessing employee engagement in Montessori Kindergärten(s) in Munich & elaborating potential measures to increase engagement levels. Double sided research was undertaken for this case study. On the one hand a quantitative research was performed, through a survey, in order to uncover which strategies would be viable to foster employee engagement. On the other hand a qualitative research was undertaken, consisting in an internship in a Kindergarten, in order to shed light on how to do so. Findings in the quantitative research indicate overall engagement levels average to low. Results related to specific statements bring out the originality of the educational sector, which is in some aspects intrinsically engaging, similarly to the medical field (Seijts & Crim, 2006). Furthermore low engagement levels led to a conversely high number of positives responses to potential engagement strategies suggesting their potential effectiveness. Findings in the qualitative research are coherent with qualitative results and complement them

Aplicação simultânea de medidas antidumping e medidas compensatórias

O presente estudo visa esclarecer a possibilidade de aplicar medidas antidumping e medidas compensatórias, de forma simultânea, a um mesmo produto, Desse modo, o referido artigo evidencia a impossibilidade de aplicar ambas as medidas a um mesmo fato gerador, quando for verificada a existência de dumping e de subsídio à exportação, o que constituiria um double remedy. Entretanto, não haveria qualquer proibição acerca da aplicação simultânea das medidas, quando essas forem baseadas em fatos geradores distintos, ou seja, quando no cálculo do montante da medida antidumping aplicada não estiver incluído o valor referente ao subsídio recebido pelo produto, objeto de medida compensatória. Além disso, a interpretação restritiva do artigo leva à conclusão de que a aplicação simultânea de medidas anti-dumping e de medidas compensatórias não seria irregular se o subsídio visado por estas últimas se tratar de subsídio acionável e não proibido

Trade rules and exchange rate misalignments : in search for a WTO solution e medidas compensatórias

The debate on the link between trade rules and rules on exchange rates is raising the attention of experts on international trade law and economics. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of exchange rate misalignments on tariffs as applied by the WTO – World Trade Organization. It is divided into five sections: the first one explains the methodology used to determine exchange rate misalignments and also presents its results for Brazil, US and China; the second summarizes the methodology applied to calculate the impacts of exchange rate misalignments on the level of tariff protection through an exercise of “misalignment tariffication”; the third examines the effects of exchange rate variations on tariffs and their consequences for the multilateral trading system; the fourth one creates a methodology to estimate exchange rates against a currency of the World and a proposal to deal with persistent and significant misalignments related to trade rules. The conclusions are present in the last section