141 resultados para Formação socioespacial


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Comprehension of the processes of formation of new organizational fields is the main objective that stimulated the theoretical reflection and empirical research that I present in this paper. My intention here is to uphold the potential for the application of seemingly dichotomous perspectives in terms of the objectivity/subjectivity dimension in the comprehension of the objective in question. The contribution of Foucault, with his concept of discourse, is linked to the proposal of critical constructivism represented by Latour and studies of science and technology. Juxtaposing these perspectives, I examined the dynamics of the biotechnological field on the basis of the dialectic of movements of demarcation/circularity, which is basically a simultaneous movement of (dis)construction of the boundaries of a field. The dialectic of demarcation/circularity is made up of the set of relations established between heterogeneous elements ¿ institutions, economic and social processes, behavioral patterns, systems of norms, techniques, types of classification, forms of characterization, in other words it finds ways of emerging in the course of discursive formations. This theoretical proposal ¿ which incorporates an overlooked dimension in institutional analysis, especially in organization studies (power) ¿ has the advantage of contributing to enhancing comprehension of the dynamics of institutionalization. By proposing that the institutional processes arise within discursive fields, the argument put forward is that such processes contribute to the productivity of the power relations in these fields. In empirical terms, I conducted a descriptive and exploratory research directed at the biotechnology sector. The research was based on a historical perspective, since the analysis spans the period from the origins of genetic science (beginning of the 20th century) through to recent developments in biotechnology in the USA (beginning of the 21st century). The USA was chosen as the locus of research, principally due to the fact that structuring of the field of biotechnology originated in that country, subsequently spreading to other countries around the world. Starting from this theoretical and methodological framework, three discursive formations are highlighted: organization, information and network. Each of the discursive formations is characterized by a dominant set of discourses that prepare the ground for the appearance and (trans)formation of the focus-objects under analysis. In this process, organizations appear in at least two ways: as boundary-organizations ¿ which are important for understanding the movement of the approximation of different discursive domains ¿ and as new organizations, which accompany the (trans)formation of new fields, whereby prevailing discourses materialize at a given historical moment and contribute to breathe life into new discourses, which in turn spark off new power relations. Among the conclusions of this work, I would highlight the following: questioning the 'organizational' dimension of the fields; the relationship revealed not only between the discourses and the institutionalized practices, but also with the process of construction of legitimacy; and the redefinition of the concept of organizations, based on new conceptions relating to the limits of the topic, the objectivity/subjectivity, and space/time dichotomy.

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A presente dissertação procura identificar se a intuição, sendo um importante componente das decisões administrativas, está presente na formação acadêmica dos administradores e como ela se manifestaria nesse contexto. Para o estudo foi realizada pesquisa de campo, por meio de 44 questionários mistos com os professores da EBAPE/FGV. Os dados foram tratados quantitativamente, com a construção de tabelas que nos permitiram inferir sobre o assunto, e qualitativamente, utilizando o método de análise do conteúdo. O estudo identifica que a intuição está presente no processo decisório e na tomada de decisão gerencial, porém sem ter seu desenvolvimento consubstanciado na formação acadêmica do administrador. Desse modo, é necessário um repensar na construção do conhecimento e no ensino administrativo, possibilitando uma formação acadêmica mais holística, que atenda aos anseios e as necessidades da sociedade, com rigor e relevância.

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This work of research treats of the police military formation in the state of the Rio de Janeiro. The academic approach to be adopted in respect to verify the state actions for the adaptation of the course of the soldier¿s formation to the national curriculum mould (NCM) for the police education, proposed by the National General Office of Public Security in the year of 2000. It¿s part of a group of actions of the federal government to format the police education in all country. The aim of this action is to form policemen to act in an appropriate way in a democratic society. The result of the research revealed that the Military Police of the state of the Rio de Janeiro, did not effect actions for the adoption the of NCM in the period of 2000-2005, as well as it¿s not preparing the militaries polices to act with base in the values of a democratic society. The empirical material show us the view the of the military police in relation to the education in the Military Police, as well as its performance day by day in the resolution of the social conflicts.

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The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the socio-spatial distribution of the of denunciation rate. For this, it is studied association between the denunciations to Disque-Denúncia with the space position of the neighborhoods and the social characteristics in terms of the social context which can take to a greater or minor participation. The analysis will be centered in the relation between the socio-spatial variability of denunciations for 100.000 inhabitants and differences by the models of space regression and geographical representation highlighting the importance of the characteristics of the neighborhoods that generate the social context. The social configuration of a neighborhood, its space localization and its violence rate are the factors associates to the denunciation variability, which can modify its level. In relation to the space dependence of the neighborhoods, it is inferred that they are not independent. The denunciation rate of the neighborhoods is interdependent with close neighborhoods, because of the space externality. In relation to the social index of the neighborhoods, the result that we find is that the association of the denunciation rate with the percentage of elderly, the density and the average of studies of the neighborhoods exists, in other words, the levels of those are related with the levels of the denunciation rate.

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This dissertation discuss the course of formation of EPPGG" (Specialists on Public Politics and Administration). We did a brief historical research on the origins of this career, stressing the problems of its implementation. We describe the process of selection and formation of "EPPGG" classes, focusing our attention on the first and fifth classes, the latter being the main object of our study. We avoided the standard approaches to this suject and based our investigation on the daily social interaction developed during the course, trying to unveil conflicts that show internal problems of the career and of "ENAP" (Scholl of Public Administration).

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Ativos, ou investimentos, estarão sempre representados pelos gastos que uma entidade realiza visando obter benefícios futuros, sempre contendo uma vida útil assim comprometida. Naturalmente, os ativos podem se valorizar ou desvalorizar em função de fatores estruturais ou conjunturais que se fizerem impor ao longo do tempo. Quando abordamos a questão das parcerias entre empresas, elementos ativos de natureza material e imaterial irão se unir visando atingir objetivos comuns. É neste momento que surgem questões relacionadas com a avaliação desses elementos envolvidos nas complexidades inerentes ás peculiaridades impostas pelas atividades das partes envolvidas perante uma conjuntura econômica e social em um mundo cada vez mais competitivo e globalizado. O presente texto aborda várias nuances sobre as Joint Ventures concentrando-se nos diferentes critérios de avaliação de ativos e de mensuração dos passivos que permeiam o mundo dos negócios. Neste particular, especial destaque foi dedicado a delicada questão dos elementos intangíveis que, direta ou indiretamente, influenciam os números que são formados e dinamizados no processo. Após vasta apreciação dos vários referenciais teóricos sobre o tema, e ainda na própria experiência do autor identificando lacunas que merecem ser exploradas, um desses critérios se evidenciará com o de aplicabilidade mais apropriada diante das partilhas societárias, de resultados e operacional quando da execução de projetos de parcerias, observada a continuidade dos negócios correntes do empreendimento.

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Neste trabalho de dissertação busca-se descobrir qual é a identidade corporativa dos principais gerentes da área de Exploração e Produção da PETROBRAS, e analisar os limites e as possibilidades desta identidade na fonnação de um ambiente interno competitivo ou cooperativo. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa com base em dois extremos de identidade corporativa, um que representa a identidade corporativa de uma empresa com características de produção em massa e outro que representa uma empresa com características de produção enxuta.

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O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi estudar a integração econômica efetuada através da formação de blocos econômicos sob uma ótica sócio-política da formação do Estado brasileiro. Trata-se, portanto, de um enfoque não usual de abordar o assunto. Entendendo a grande importância do Brasil dentro da formação do Mercosul, foram então comparados dois blocos regionais em estágios diferentes, o próprio Mercosul e a União Européia. Utilizando o Mercosul como objeto de estudo e a União Européia como modelo de referência traçamos as características sócio-políticas predominantes na formação do primeiro que se fazem ausentes no segundo e vice-versa. A questão da supranacionalidade foi fator determinante na formação da União Européia segundo os relatos de Jean Monnet. Com base nesta questão, contrapomos algumas características da formação do Estado brasileiro como o legado do Direito Romano, o estamento burocrático, o patrimonialismo e o coronelismo para entender se há aderência deste modelo europeu de integração adotado pelos países membros do Mercosul. Problemas com a democracia insipiente na região, a cidadania plena ainda não alcançada e o sentimento de desigualdade social sinalizam claramente que nossas sociedades ainda não estão preparadas para um passo tão largo em direção à formação do Mercado Comum do Sul. A solução simplista seria encontrar uma outra forma de se pensar a integração econômica, fazer o Mercado Comum do Sul de forma autêntica e sem precedentes.

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As Brazil wants to be perceived as a competitor in providing computer applications and system development services in the global market, the concept of Software Factory gains importance. The metaphor for the 'Factory', when applied to the activity of software development, is used to describe organizations which produce software with a minimum quality standard and at competitive costs. However, the term 'Factory' recalls Fordist concepts, which have been challenged for a few decades in the manufacturing industry. This study analyzed university curricula and how students and teachers perceive the concept of Software Factory and assessed them in relation to the Fordism ------------ post-Fordism /continuum/. It was observed that some of the teachers who have influence over curricula define Software Factories according to Fordist concepts. It was also observed that, despite opportunities for improvements, curricula are adequately structured with regards to the skills a professional at these organizations must possess. We conclude that education provided at the programs being analyzed is adequate, but that it must be supplemented by companies or by the professionals themselves so that the knowledge acquired in the programs may be put in practice.

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The employees' partlclpation in the cultural transltIon process occurred in Companhia Siderúrgica de Tubarão (CST) was helpful in the identification of the group of measures that started to be managed in order to be established in the run of the control assumption. The company, in order to acquire proper features, had to change prior values, behaviors and identities through strategies shared by ali the organization members, thus, creating a new culture. The CST was seen as a company controlling and coordinating a group of people. It counted on vertical hierarchical leveis, departments and authority relations. It was neve r taken into account that the company could have its own personality, like each person that worked there. Before getting through this cultural transition process, that extremely changed its values, the company had a dominating culture, with a centralized administration. This way, it influenced the conduct of ali its members, in a controlling environment. When the company realized the necessity of investments in cultural changing programs, in order to eliminate the pathologies and disfunctions that were hitting its business structure, causing damage to productivity and to the quality of the results, it condensed energies in one direction implementing the participation of ali its leaderships as implementing and multiplier elements to orientate and facilitate the achievement of its goals. Trying to understand better the influences suffered by the changes brought by globalization and privatization, some theorical and operational concepts of culture and identity were developed in this study, mainly in the first chapters. In the research extension, several aspects of this complex anthropological and sociological concept of culture were managed, such as affectiveness, cognitive process, valuation process and everything that could be related to or that give elligibility to this concept and to the phenomenon this concept will consist in.

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The aim of the present study is to analyze the evolution of the historical and institutional elements that generate the current design of the private health market in Brazil. Its main theoretical basis is the Theory of the Symbolic Power, by Pierre Bourdieu, complemented, in the non-conflictive aspects of these two visions, by the Anthony Giddens¿ institutional vision on the field genesis motivational factors. The research¿ data were collected through documents and semi structured interviews during 2002 e 2003 period, involving the qualitative analyze due to understand the field¿s phenomena under an actors¿ perspective. The research identifies the several players that integrate the market, their evident strategic goals, and those that are not so, besides of the powers¿ resources used to reach them, by DiMaggio and Powell¿ vision. Thus, it tries to show, through a historic linear description, and emphasis in the determinant facts, the evolution of the market¿s constitution. The study demonstrates that the field had formed from several Estate¿ actions, basically after the past seventy¿ decade, as result of a alternative Government¿ strategy towards a Brazilian population¿s dissemination plan of health¿ services that enforced the institutionalization of isomorphic structures, with a strong internal interaction and a hierarchy between kinds of values, that had emphasized the health¿ symbol as a citizenship¿s value. In the end, the study estimates that the crescent longevity¿ Brazilian¿s population and the consequent work¿s dismiss may cause a private health¿ elitism conforming a future problem in this sensible segment of the social politics of the Brazilian government.

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This study has the objective to verify the behavior of Brazilian workers residents in the state of Rio de Janeiro, throughout theirs labor life, concerning their ability to remain - and specialize - in the same professional area originally chosen in its superior educational graduation. As the proposed theme stands beyond the available bibliography, the author needed to analyze the Governmental Labor Ministry Statistical Databases, which provides Brazilian Formal Employment and Unemployment Information. The study started with the selection of three groups of professional occupations from the year of 1994 until the end of 2002. All the professionals who were employed in 1994 had had its trajectory traced up to 2002, as well as were analyzed the ingression behavior at the formal labor market in the year of 1994. Thus, the study encompasses not only the existing employment but also the new job posts created in 1994. For the trajectory tracing, a group of graduated students was selected in some universities of the state of Rio de Janeiro in the year of 1994. The study has clearly shown the impact that the availability of jobs in the same area of the graduation has over the workers decision to remain or change the original career. Such information and conclusions can be a valuable instrument to help students and professionals to plan and decide theirs futures careers, for the planning of public politics of educational investments, as well as for the Brazilian educational institutions to adjust the offering of its courses according to the labor market capacity.

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Nossa pesquisa pretende descrever a trajetória do Orçamento Participativo desde seu surgimento, em 1988, até 2000, através de seu processo de implantação e desenvolvimento que vem garantindo uma formação para a cidadania a partir de uma prática de participação política junto às populações integrantes do espaço social de Porto Alegre. Esse sistema estratégico de administração dos recursos públicos constituiu-se num exemplo da participação popular no espaço social. Tomou-se mesmo um instrumento símbolo da cidade, pois suas técnicas contribuem para esboçar um novo perfil da "formação para a cidadania". Nossa metodologia, partindo do objetivo de investigar a natureza da formação para a cidadania proporcionado pelo Orçamento Participativo, utilizou como técnicas de procedimento pesquisas documentais e bibliográficas, além de contatos diretos com vários agentes. Os instrumentos de pesquisa empregados nas coletas de dados, análise e interpretação, seguiram as seguintes técnicas: entrevistas junto aos conselheiros populares regionais e aos delegados das comissões temáticas.(representantes eleitos no processo do Orçamento Participativo); pesquisa documental e análise de conteúdo. As categorias de análise trabalhadas foram: o Orçamento Participativo, a formação para a cidadania e o habitus político (como um conhecimento adquirido, um haver, e/ou capital que indicam uma disposição incorporada, quase postural). Tal pesquisa é inédita devido à utilização do pressuposto teóricometodológico do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu. Seus resultados têm demonstrado que garantir, em nível municipal, a transferência do poder de decisão dos investimentos públicos aos cidadãos de Porto Alegre proporciona um processo de politização cada vez mais amplo através da participação, autonomia e conseqüente formação de um novo habitus, rumo à auto gestão. Considerando que o processo de formação oportunizado pelo Orçamento Participativo garante uma valorização dos agentes sociais, este desencadeia um desabrochar do cidadão. A formação para a cidadania portanto, proporcionada por essa prática em mais de dez anos consecutivos, vem obtendo um reconhecimento internacional de destaque no cenário político do final do século xx.

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Esta dissertação verificou se o Programa de Educação Continuada para Candidatos a Delegados, Comissários, Peritos, Escrivães e Investigadores, elaborado pela Fundação Getulio Vargas - PEC-FGV/AM atendeu às Bases Curriculares para a Formação dos Profissionais da Área de Segurança do Cidadão do Ministério da Justiça do Brasil - BC. Por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva e explicativa concluiu-se que o PEC-FGV/AM atendeu às BC sem, contudo, contemplar o item referente à saúde do policial constante nesse último documento. Entretanto, o Programa obrigou a discussão sobre administração pública, preocupação do Ministério da Justiça.

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A Saúde Service Card (SSC) é uma operadora de planos de saúde que vem operando no estado do Espírito Santo desde 1997. Embora a empresa viesse alcançando resultados satisfatórios até 1998, supõe-se que com a introdução da lei 9656/98, que trata da regulamentação dos planos de saúde no Brasil, os custos com a assistencia médica do associado elevou-se uma vez que novas coberturas para procedimentos médicos foram asseguradas aos associados. Este estudo objetiva investigar até que ponto a formação de alianças estratégicas poderá contribuir para que a empresa Saúde Service Card obtenha as adaptações necessárias para competir no novo cenário traçado pela regulamentação dos planos de saúde no Brasil.