Gestão de conhecimentos e desempenho: evidências de uma amostra de Organizações do Terceiro Setor no Rio de Janeiro

This dissertation examines the implications of the organizational capability for the performance of organizations of the Third Sector. That relationship is examined in a sample of five organizations with headquarters in the city of the Rio de Janeiro, and acting in peculiar segments, like health, childhood and adolescence, sustainable development, environment and social inclusion. The organizational capability was studied from existing analytical frameworks available in the international literature, and adapted for this dissertation. The kinds of empirical evidences are quantitative and qualitative on first hand, and were obtained by multiple techniques: interviews, direct-site observation, exam of documents and casual meetings. These evidences indicators were examined in used in two levels: individual, specific of each one of the organizations, and general, common to all the organizations researched. Concerning organizational capability, the exam of the empirical evidences revealed that the organizations that had had the most significant development in terms of the dimensions identified by Tremblay (1998) as of high performance - that¿s the case of CIEDS and CDI -, were the ones with the best organizational performance. Another relevant point shown by the evidences is the importance of the dimension management attitude to human resources development, similar to previous studies presented by Tremblay (1998), Leonard-Barton (1998) and Figueiredo (2003). The study also shows that the organizations which developed projects aiming at the review and the improvement of managerial practices, approaching them to the models adopted by private companies, had the best performances among the researched group.

Controladoria e Modelo de Gestão Aplicados às Instituições de Ensino Superior

The establishment of the Nova Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (New Law of Policies and Basis of the National Education) was a mark for the Brazilian educational sector. The institutions of advanced education began to seek two major objectives: the continuous improvement of your academic, pedagogic and administrative practice and the elimination of resources waste. Beyond the implementation of the New Law of Policies and Basis of the National Education, many were the factors that contributed for the change of the paradigms of management of the Institutions of Advanced Education in Brazil. Some of these factors are the following: a) Increasing competition. The competition, each time more present in the day-to- day of the Institutions of Advanced Education, that was regional and closed by, it¿s now professional and global.b) Implantation of the mechanism of quality control, for example the Provão (Exam), by the Ministry of Education.c) Increasing demand for the advanced courses, since the number of students concluding the Middle level courses has being increasing gradually in the last years. d) Education has become a critical factor in the competition between nations, regions and companies.In the present moment, marked by intense competition, complex academic and administrative processes, technologic information as a condition ¿ sine qua non¿ for the decisive process and the exigency for modern and cooperated management, demands big changes in the way the educational institutions manage their resources and evaluate the performance of their administrators.The study demonstrates the pressing necessity of implanting a Control Management that will assist the administration of the Institution of Advanced Education in a way that will optimize the economic results of the entity, as well as the creation and implementation of the mechanisms that will bring a better understanding of the environment in which the entity lives and operates.

Contrato de Gestão: A Experiência da CESAN

o objetivo deste estudo é explorar os motivos que levaram à interrupção do contrato de gestão da CESAN, sem uma explicação relevante. A análise da crise gerada com o fracasso do contrato de gestão da CESAN, considerado naquele período de gestão como ferramenta indispensável ao apoio gerencial, demonstrou a necessidade de aprofundar conhecimento sobre o assunto. Estudos foram realizados buscando uma explicação, particularmente no que se refere à verificação do grau de integração dos sistemas de planejamento da CESAN e o Estado, assim como o comprometimento político e a consistência do arcabouço institucional do contrato. O produto da pesquisa foi apresentado a profissionais da CESAN devidamente qualificados, com formação acadêmica em Mestrado e/ou MBA, que, após sua leitura, participaram de rodadas de conhecimento e reuniões críticas, com a finalidade de tornar o conteúdo do documento mais completo e próximo da realidade vivenciada. O conhecimento gerado dará contribuições de alta relevãncia para o setor, uma vez que os três níveis de governo carecem de ferramentas semelhantes ao contrato de gestão como estratégia para reverter a incapacidade da máquina pública. As experiências encontradas em documentações e no meio literário aqui reunidas, permitiram avaliar a objetividade de critérios e o nível de comprometimento entre os diversos segmentos envolvidos, condições básicas para a sustentação e a continuidade do contrato de gestão.

Análise das dificuldades de ação em equipe numa sociedade relacional: Paradoxos da Gestão no contexto brasileiro, o caso da consultoria ABC.

This study is an analysis of the nature of conflicts in highly qualified teams, searching for its causes and potential consequences for the teams¿ performance. The hypothesis is that establishing a power principle is of utmost importance to provide the team members with parameters for action as well as with an effective coordination, which may lead to the desired outcome. The problem under analysis herein is centered on teamwork, having in mind the growing complexity of the competences necessary for the organizations¿ success, in such a way that, if the human activities in these organizations are not cooperatively developed, the desired outcomes may be threatened. In this context it is perceived that many knowledge organizations lack adequate strategies and tools to promote adequate coordination of highly qualified workers, involved cooperatively in tasks of large intrinsic complexity. ABC Consulting is a particular instance of such problem, that may add to the understanding of the general problem of team work. This study takes into account the more general background of the Brazilian culture, which, in spite of broadening aspects such as social cordiality and the living in others (Holanda, 1995), does not lead naturally to quality teamwork. The research development is anchored in a methodology that combines both field and bibliographical work, with a qualitative approach in the scope of case study.

Trajetórias De Acumulação De Capacidades Inovadoras, Mecanismos De Aprendizagem E Fatores Organizacionais Relativos A Atividades Em Gestão De Projetos: Estudo De Caso Comparativo Inter-Empresarial Na Indústria De Bens De Capital E De Celulose E Papel No Brasil

Over the last 40 years there has been a profusion of studies about the ccumulation of technological capacities in firms from developing economies. However, there remain few studies that examine, on a combined basis, the relationship among: the trajectories of technological capacities accumulation; the underlying learning mechanisms; and, the implications of organizational factors for these two variables. Still scarcer are the studies that examine the relationship among these variables along time and based on a comparative case study. This dissertation examines the relationship among the trajectory of accumulation of innovative capacities in complex project management, the learning mechanisms underlying these technological capacities and the intra-organizational factors that influence these learning echanisms. That set of relationships is examined through a comparative and a long-term (1988-2008) case study in a capital goods firm (for the pulp and paper industry) and a pulp mill in Brazil. Based on first-hand quantitative and qualitative empiric evidence, gathered through extensive field research, this dissertation found: 1. Both firms accumulated innovative capacity in project management at the international frontier level (Level 6). However, there was variability between the firms in terms of the nature and speed of accumulation of those capacities. It was also observed that, at this level of innovation, the innovative capacities of both firms are not confined to their organizational boundaries, but they are distributed beyond their boundaries. 2. So that these companies could accumulate those levels of innovative capacities it was necessary to manage several learning mechanisms: leveraging of external knowledge and its internalization in terms of internal apacities of the firm. In other words, as the companies accumulated more innovative levels of capacities for project management, it was necessary to manage different cycles of technological learning. 3. Further, the relationship between the ccumulation of technological capacities and learning was affected positively by intra-organizational factors, such as 'authority disposition', 'mutability of work roles' and 'intensity of internal crises', and negatively by the factor 'singularity of goals'. This dissertation revealed divergent results between firms in two of the four factors studied. These results contribute to advance our understanding of the complexity and variability involved in the process of accumulation of innovative capacities in firms from developing economies. This highlights the growing importance of the organizational and the human resource dimensions of innovation and technological capacity as the company approaches the international frontier. The results suggest to managers that: (i) the good performance in project management in the two firms studied did not occur simply as a result of the pulp and paper Brazilian industry growth, rather as a result of the deliberate construction and accumulation of the capacities through an intensive and coordinated cyclical process of technological learning, (ii) to develop innovative capabilities in project management, besides looking for learning mechanisms they should also look at the organizational factors that influence the learning mechanisms directly, (iii) performance of pulp mill¿s projects is better when projects are implemented together with technology suppliers than when performed only by the mill. This dissertation concludes that capital goods firms have been having a fundamental role for the innovative capabilities accumulation in project management of pulp mills in Brazil (and vice-versa) for a long time. This contradicts some authors' propositions that affirm that: a) equipment suppliers for the pulp and paper industry have been creating little, if any, development of processes or engineering projects in Brazil; b) firms in the pulp and paper industry have little capacity for machinery and equipments projects only taking place in few technological activities, being internal or external to the firm. Finally, some studies are proposed for future research.

Gestão de carreiras na sociedade do conhecimento : uma análise de suas características no Brasil

This paper aims to identify the main characteristics undertaken by the brazilian non governmental organization (NGO's) and the political, social, economical and personal factors that have contributed for the impressive growth of these organizations which has been observed on the past two decades. The thesis defended herein is that these organizations were legitimated by the society, despite the lack of transparency that surrounds their practice. By acknowledging that the term has many meanings, and that there is no legal consolidated mark to delimit exactly what a NGO is, the research has adopted a very specific universe: the NGO's affiliated to the Associação Brasileira de Organizações Não-Governamentais (ABONG), located in Rio de Janeiro. The characteristics undertaken by the researched organizations were raised through interviews with its directors, visits to its headquarters and institutional documents that were made available. Mind makers of the Rio de Janeiro¿s society were also interviewed. The data research was also aided by the revision of the available literature. The Social Representation Theory was used in order to have a better understanding of the relationship that society has established with the NGO's. The thesis reveals that the characteristics undertaken by the NGO's are very different. In regards to the factors that have induced the growth of these organizations, we can notice a significant reduction of the States' acting. Also pointed out are the non existence of an adequate legislation, the facilities offered by the partnership established, the prevailing of a positive image for the society, the lack of inspection and the increasing social needs of the country which stand out as possible inductors of the expansion of these organizations.

Fatores que impactam a implantação de tecnologias de gestão baseadas em processos em uma empresa pública

O mundo está passando por grandes mudanças que vêm afetando as esferas sociais, tecnológicas, empresariais e mentais. As empresas têm sido ameaçadas por diversos fatores como rapidez no lançamento de novos produtos, interferência dos governos, clientes cada vez mais conscientes e exigentes, aumento da concorrência, globalização e o surgimento constante de novas tecnologias. Essas mudanças exigem das empresas uma estrutura mais flexível capaz de absorver as rápidas necessidades do ambiente, e o formato atual não tem se mostrado adequado para vencer estes desafios. Nesse contexto, a gestão baseada em processos tem se mostrado promissora ao ser incorporada nas principais tecnologias de gestão como BSC, NBR ISO 9000, gestão de custos com ABC, entre outras. Como toda nova abordagem, as tecnologias (ou modelos) baseadas em processos sofrem de vários problemas, sendo alguns já conhecidos, como resistência às mudanças, falta de preparo e apoio insuficiente da alta direção. Os estudos desses fatores são incipientes e em sua maioria não tratam de seus impactos em empresas públicas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo justamente identificar esses fatores na literatura (teoria e casos de estudo) e confrontá-los com aqueles encontrados em uma empresa pública (estudo de caso), analisando sua pertinência. Os resultados encontrados, além de confirmarem os fatores, sugerem que a sua utilização, na forma de um checklist, podem beneficiar as empresas na prevenção, redução ou eliminação de problemas que impactam ou inviabilizam um projeto.

Poder judiciário do estado do Espírito Santo: modelo de gestão, inovação tecnológica e as barreiras culturais diante das mudanças

As organizações - reproduzindo e aperfeiçoando a fónnula de substituição do trabalho do século XIX - estão investindo em novos modelos de gestão e tecnologias modernas, com o objetivo de reduzir seus custos, aperfeiçoar os seus produtos e agilizar os seus serviços. Sentindo a necessidade de se inserir nesse contexto~ o Estado, assim entendido como um todo, e, especialmente, o Poder Judiciário do Estado do Espírito Santo, tem buscado adaptar-se a tais mudanças, visto que o seu modelo administrativo e jurisdicional há muito tempo encontra-se ultrapassado, necessitando de novas abordagens. Entretanto, muitas têm sido as resistências à modernização administrativa e tecnológica, tanto por parte de uma corrente de juristas tradicionalistas, que, constantemente promovem um movimento de retomo a padrões e conceitos antigos, quanto pela escassez de recursos financeiros . A inovação envolve sempre o elemento de incerteza e, embora a história da humanidade detenha, durante a sua trajetória, registros de inovações em modelos de gestão e significativos avanços tecnológicos, atualmente eles vêm exigindo um maior percentual de conhecimentos diversificados, quebrando paradigmas que influenciam no comportamentodas organizações/instituições, num processo irreversível de crescimento dinâmico. A relevância desta pesquisa residiu em analisar o modelo de gestão e a inovação tecnológica do Poder Judiciário do Estado do Espírito Santo, a partir das transformações mundiais, além da sua importância nos mecanismos jurisdicionais, seja instantaneamente ou após um período de aprendizado combinado com a aceitação da inovação. Pretendeu-se, ainda, conhecer os efeitos dessas mudanças na cultura da instituição, tais como possíveis causas de resistência.

Gestão pública compartilhada: o caso do programa de melhoria do ensino de ciências e matemática - Pró-ciências

This paper is a follow up of the study of the evolution of the public policies for education, especially in the areas of improvement in the science and mathematics program, whose main purpose is to qualify teachers is these disciplines. The evaluation of strategies adopted by the Department of education for the implementation and development of the program in the states, which, on a decentralized bases and through its administrative structure is responsible for contracting higher Education Institutions in charge of preparatory courses. It discusses the enforcement of such a strategy and analyses the combined efforts between the federal sphere, represented by the coordination of preparatory courses for Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and the Departments of Education, Science and Technology of the states, Research Spowsoring Foundations and the Federal Universities, breaking with some governmental traditions. It analyses the greater degree of interaction between the curriculum for public schools and the developments achieved in the many fields of knowledge. It is based on parameters in the proposals disposed by the law of the methods and fundamentals education, methods of curriculum, and national teaching standards, as well as studies carried out in the states that demand the biggest quantity of qualifying projects, trough analyses that are focused on the problems regarding science teaching in the Brazil and the format adopted in the implementation of the program.

Gestão do risco de crédito: análise dos impactos da resolução 2682, do conselho monetário nacional, na transparência do risco da carteira de empréstimo dos bancos comerciais brasileiros

Este trabalho pretende realizar um estudo dos métodos de classificação de risco de crédito e de gestão de carteira de empréstimos constantes da literatura que trata de crédito, e a utilização desses instrumentos pelos bancos brasileiros, bem assim avaliar os impactos que a Resolução 2682, de 21.12.1999, causaram nas demonstrações financeiras dessas instituições. Essa Resolução estabeleceu que, a partir de março/2000, todas as operações de crédito realizadas pelas instituições financeiras deveriam ser classificadas por faixas de risco e que as provisões para perdas inerentes deveriam ser contabilizadas em função dos respectivos graus de risco. o problema objeto de análise se insere em um contexto em que a adoção de ferramentas para avaliação do risco de crédito por parte das instituições financeiras brasileiras vem se intensificando em razão de esse segmento de mercado, cada vez mais competitivo, ter no crédito um instrumento estratégico para alavancagem de receitas. o uso de metodologias para a classificação de risco de crédito e de gestão de carteira tem como premissas proporcionar, às empresas que concedem crédito, melhoria do processo decisório permitindo agilidade, padronização de procedimentos, melhor instrumento para capacitação dos profissionais de crédito e redução de custos, e, ao mercado, a possibilidade de conhecer com mais profundidade os riscos inerentes às carteiras de empréstimos, uma vez que a citada Resolução 2.682 prevê que as instituições financeiras devem detalhar a composição de sua carteira de crédito quando da divulgação de seus demonstrativos financeiros. A hipótese do presente estudo é a de que essa regulamentação contribuiu para que o risco da carteira de crédito passasse a ser melhor evidenciado nas demonstrações contábeis divulgadas pelas instituições financeiras.

Exclusão social: gestão estratégica de pessoas em duas subsidiárias de uma empresa multinacional

The present study of case empirically investigates the existence of indicators that suggest the social exclusion preoccupation from the organizations with a strategic management of human resources focus. The objects of study are two subsidiaries of a multinational enterprise in emergency and first-aid services area. One of them is Portuguese and the other is a Brazilian one. This exploratory research has used a sectional way with a longitudinal perspective, since it has considered a specific verified data referring to 2004 and 2005 years, beyond the deeper interviews with actual managers to an evaluation of these studied perception and its authentication. Our indicators identification sources were principally the individual and social rights and duties broaching and the fundamental guarantees disposed in the Brazilian and Portuguese Constitutions as such as the European Constitution project. The results appoint to great differences of management between both subsidiaries, being the Brazilian one closer to our research proposes, as such as suggest us that the human resource areas, still acting in an instrumentalist way, establish a great barrier to better practices in social inclusion and they would be unprepared for a management with the focus in the employees. Although our study has been realized in a specific activity enterprise, we believe that our results can stimulate the realization of other investigations with the same objectives. In this way, we contribute to a better comprehension of the social exclusion causes and the organizations participations in this process.

Fatores críticos de sucesso na gestão das AABBS - Associações Atléticas Banco do Brasil

Este trabalho procura compreender quais são os fatores criticos de sucesso na gestão das AABBs - Associações Atleticas Banco do Brasil Com 1.267 unidades espalhadas por todo o território nacionaL as AABBs constituem uma das maiores redes de clubes ligados a uma única empresa - no caso. o Banco do Brasii - de todo o mundo Para realizar a taret~l foi util izado o referencial teórico da perspectiva teórico-critica da Escola de Frankfun. mais especificamente as contribuiçôl's de jllrgen Haberma". da segunda geração frankfuniana Foram le\'adas em conta as cmicas de Habermas à racio/lalidade "'.\lrll/l1<:lIlal e o conceiro dele de raâol1ul/(lade COl1llllÚCalll'U, em conexão com as noções de açào gerel/nul nlOnoláglclI e a~ilo gerencial dialriglca desell\ol\'idas por Fernando Tenório As opiniões de três segmentos principais embasam o presente estudo: associados das AABH.\, admilli,\/rl1dorcs do !JUIlCO do !Jrasti e dirigentes das A.A!J!Js A panir desses pontos de vista procurou-se detinir o que caracteriza sucesso na gestão dos clubes: quais são os tipos de racionalidade. de ação gerencial e de práticas administrativas que predominam nas AAB85: como é vista e utilizada a infra-estrutura das associações: como o relacionamento dos dirigentes dos clubes com os administradores do Banco do Brasil e com a Federação Nacional das AABBs - Fenabb impacta a "ida das associações. e de que forma se dá o processo de comunicação das AABBs com os seus associados Os resultados do estudo podem contribuir para a melhoria dos processos de gestão das AABBs. além de subsidiar as pesquisas sobre a atuação de outras entidades de natureza semelhante.

A complexidade da gestão em processos de internacionalização: como a cultura Nacional impacta o processo decisório de gestores brasileiros expatriados - o caso de uma empresa estatal do setor de energia

In a world where the companies are trying to compete on a global scale, the positioning strategies direct them to go beyond the geographical boundaries of their base countries, seeking for other markets, as a way to keep globally competitive. These conditions make crucial the roles performed by their managers, exposed to different contexts, mainly economical, political, social and cultural and to face the task to manage enterprises like a challenge, probably bigger than the one found on their base countries. This speech tries to examine how much expatriated Brazilian managers feel the influence of local cultural factors in their decisional processes, taking into consideration that they are embedded in their cultural home countries, and they can suffer an impact by the culture of other countries. With this research it is intended to gather empirical material that will supply clues and allow to advance on studies that will make a relationship between decisional process and local culture, through a case study in a Brazilian state-owned energy company and its subsidiaries in South American countries, hoping that the mentioned studies will somehow contribute to a better understanding of the problems that have been stressed in the last decades. Also considering that the vast majority of the theoretical and empirical material about this matter has its own source on the western developed countries and are, in this way, culture-bounded, we hope to increase the production of studies and researches applied to the Latin American reality, mainly the Brazilian one.

Gestão de Marcas Próprias sob o Enfoque da Inteligência de Markenting - Uma Análise Crítica

Considerada como uma das principais ferramentas de diferenciação e percepção de valor a produtos e serviços, os profissionais brasileiros que vêm reorientando as organizações de varejo com foco no cliente vêm usando a gestão de Marcas Próprias de forma ainda tímida. Este trabalho busca explicar o porquê da não utilização de todo o potencial do arsenal das Marcas Próprias através de uma análise crítica do modelo de gestão utilizado, analisando a diferença entre discurso e realidade, que se refletem diretamente nas abordagens de pesquisa do consumidor. Isso será demonstrado através de uma revisão bibliográfica, mostrando exemplos fora do país e em organizações supermercadistas brasileiras, através de pesquisa com os gestores da Marca Própria nestas organizações.

Gestão de Unidades de Conservação: Um Estudo de Caso do Parque Estadual de Vila Velha

Looking for solutions for the preservation of the biological wealth, important for the man's life on earth, the units of conservation were created and they have as objectives the conservation, the accomplishment of scientific researches, the environmental education and the leisure. So that their objectives are reached, their use and administration should be drifted so that their perpetual preservation is guaranteed. it is essential the presence of a determined administration in looking for improvement alternatives, support of the society and important financial resources for their maintenance. The objective of this work is of analyzing, through the case study, the problems faced in the administration of the units of conservation, what take to a deficient administration of the protected areas committing their preservation. Using concepts and beginnings of general domain and bibliographical citations, themes are discussed such as planning, paper of the handling plan, human training, administration responsibility in the units of conservation and the tourism in the units of conservation. After the study of the bibliographical referencial an accompaniment of the problems as was as accomplished faced by the state park of Vila Velha and in the way as it has been administered, well with a relationship among the principal problems faced by the park and for the other units of conservation in the administration of the patrimony of the biodiversity.