FEA simulation of contact and wear between non-metallic materials for accelerated new product development

The conventional approach ie laboratory life testing to examine the reliability of products takes long time and involves tremendous cost as samples are tested till failures. The accelerated life test (ALT) has recently been used as an alternative method. Although ALT reduces the cost of reliability testing through applying more severe environmental conditions than the normal ones, it is no longer sufficient as it does not describe the process of products’ failure explicitly and it is still highly dependent on physical testing. Consequently, novel practices need to be developed for better understanding of the products’ reliability. A novel Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model incorporating mathematical wear equations is developed in the current work and applied to polymer materials. Wear rate, a key parameter, is calculated by using a combinatorial formula that combines a conventional linear equation with a recently published exponential equation. The local wear is firstly calculated and then integrated over the sliding distance. The FEA simulation works in a loop and performs a series of simulation with updated surface geometries. The simulation is in good agreement with the physical testing result.

Manufacture of garment materials

Functionalizing a broad range of stretchable substrates, including synthetic and natural fabrics, fibers and non-woven materials, by coating the substrates with various materials while the substrate is held stretched so as to maintain the breathability of the materials. This provides durability to the coatings and prolonged resistance to degradation due to washing and cleaning. One or both sides of the substrate may be treated to have different functional properties. A process is also provided for materials functionalization which can be compatible with the existing equipment.

Exploring conference proceedings contribution to marketing knowledge : some initial evidence and directions for the future

This paper examines the degree to which works appearing in JM, JMR and JCR cite materials other than academic journals. The results suggest the number of citations to proceedings has fallen since earlier works (Anderson and Haley, 1984). This may be explained by the increased number of marketing related journals available in hard copy and through electronic databases. Citations of non-journal materials within marketing literature are however, higher than were found by Armstrong and Pagell (2003) in the forecasting literature. Some suggestions for future research are provided.

Applications of electrospun nanofibers

Polymeric nanofiber non-woven materials produced by electrospinning have extremely high surface-to-mass (or volume) ratio and a porous structure with excellent pore-interconnectivity. These characteristics plus the functionalities and surface chemistry of the polymer itself impart the nanofibers with desirable properties for a range of advanced applications. This review summarizes the recent progress in electrospun nanofibers, with an emphasis on their applications.

The unstable print: Material challenges in printmaking and the moving image

The past few years have seen an emergence of printmakers motivated by moving-image technology to use print as performative creative practice; in film and animation, as installation and in various processes of thinking and production. Notions of movement and change that could be said to identify much of our contemporary world reflect the interests of a number of printmakers who utilize printmaking characteristics of multiplicity and reproduction by integrating the digital and the handmade within the moving-image. There seems to be a restlessness by some artists who wish to explore an unbounded, experimental approach to printmaking; perhaps it is a natural progression for printmakers to relate their processes of thinking and production to concepts of frame-by-frame production – to additive and subtractive methods, multiple imagery and the reproduced or copy. But what happens when printmaking that has entered the realm of multimedia technology returns to the physical, material print? This paper presents and discusses printmaking as moving image, and in particular the practice of printmaking that utilizes the copy and multiplicity while exploiting qualities of change through, for example, organic non-archival materials. Drawing from my own print projects and practice as well as the work of other Australian printmakers, the paper asks: can the physical print convincingly perform, not only represent, movement and change as analog experience through its materiality, and how is it to be valued within printmaking conventions concerned with longevity and permanence?

Exploring the contribution of different types of cited materials to marketing knowledge over time : a citation analysis

This paper examines the degree to which articles appearing in JM, JMR, and JCR cite different types of references (journals, books, book chapters, conference proceedings, professional and popular press, and “others”) between 1975 and 2003. The results suggest that the number of citations to journals articles has increased over time and there have been significant falls in reference to non-journal sources of materials. References to some non-journal sources (i.e., newspaper and professional materials) have increased in JCR and JMR, but decreased in JM. The impact of shifts in the types of citation materials on knowledge development is also discussed.

Substrate-induced coagulation (SIC) of nano-disperse carbon black in non-aqueous media : a method of manufacturing highly conductive cathode materials for Li-ion batteries by self-assembly

Substrate-induced coagulation (SIC) is a coating process based on self-assembly for coating different surfaces with fine particulate materials. The particles are dispersed in a suitable solvent and the stability of the dispersion is adjusted by additives. When a surface, pre-treated with a flocculant e.g. a polyelectrolyte, is dipped into the dispersion, it induces coagulation resulting in the deposition of the particles on the surface. A non-aqueous SIC process for carbon coating is presented, which can be performed in polar, aprotic solvents such as N-Methyl-2- pyrrolidinone (NMP). Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) is used to condition the surface of substrates such as mica, copperfoil, silicon-wafers and lithiumcobalt oxide powder, a cathode material used for Li-ion batteries. The subsequent SIC carbon coating produces uniform layers on the substrates and causes the conductivity of lithiumcobalt oxide to increase drastically, while retaining a high percentage of active battery material.

Anisotropic hardening model based on non-associated flow rule and combined nonlinear kinematic hardening for sheet materials

 A material model for more effective analysis of plastic deformation of sheet materials is presented in this paper. The model is capable of considering the following aspects of plastic deformation behavior of sheet materials: the anisotropy in yielding stresses in different directions by using a quadratic yield function (based on Hill’s 1948 model and stress ratios), the anisotropy in work hardening by introducing non-constant flow stress hardening in different directions, the anisotropy in plastic strains in different directions by using a quadratic plastic potential function and non-associated flow rule (based on Hill’s 1948 model and plastic strain ratios, r-values), and finally some of the cyclic hardening phenomena such as Bauschinger’s effect and transient behavior for reverse loading by using a coupled nonlinear kinematic hardening (so-called Armstrong-Frederick-Chaboche model). Basic fundamentals of the plasticity of the model are presented in a general framework. Then, the model adjustment procedure is derived for the plasticity formulations. Also, a generic numerical stress integration procedure is developed based on backward-Euler method (so-called multistage return mapping algorithm). Different aspects of the model are verified for DP600 steel sheet. Results show that the new model is able to predict the sheet material behavior in both anisotropic hardening and cyclic hardening regimes more accurately. By featuring the above-mentioned facts in the presented constitutive model, it is expected that more accurate results can be obtained by implementing this model in computational simulations of sheet material forming processes. For instance, more precise results of springback prediction of the parts formed from highly anisotropic hardened materials or that of determining the forming limit diagrams is highly expected by using the developed material model.

Understanding criminal behaviour: identifying psychological differences between domestically violent offenders and non-offenders

Numerous theories have been formulated in an attempt to explain the psychological differences between violent offenders and non-offenders. Constructs that have emerged as salient in such scholarship include anger expression, social problem solving, locus of control, attitudes toward women, impulsivity and temper. Although a considerable amount of sound research has been conducted into 'violent offending' per se, in general terms, research into family and domestic violence is yet to be as methodologically and theoretically rigorous. In an attempt to link these areas of work, and to identify the risk factors (or 'criminogenic needs') of specific sub-groups of male offenders, this research compared: (I) property offenders, (2) those who had been· 'violent against strangers', (3) those who had been 'violent against intimates' and (4) non-offenders. In an effort to address one of the shortcomings of prior research, potentially confounding variables such as age, education level cultural identity, and socio-economic status were controlled for in an effort to arrive at more meaningful representations of each offender group's specific psychological deficits and abundances. A number of differences were highlighted between the groups, but few of these remained after demographic
covariates were controlled for. This paper details the nature of these differences, while also proposing that future studies adopt a similar methodology.

Look down, look up : Barbara Bolt's art beyond representation

I review the thinking of Barbara Bolt in her recent book, which is informed by Martin Heidegger’s theory of art. Bolt argues that it is in the flux of art practice, where the artist responds bodily, with hands and eyes, to the encounter with the materials of practice, that visual art produces real material effects. That is, through the praxical encounter, art does not merely represent, it performs radically. Bolt thus argues for a materialist ontology of the work of visual art. I examine what Bolt means by ‘real material effects’ and ‘radical performativity’.

In developing my own project on the poetic response to visual art, particularly portraiture, I have freely adapted Heidegger’s theory of art to propose that the poet responds to the visual encounter in a manner similar to that of Heidegger’s preserver, by restraining usual knowing and looking. In this way the poet facilitates the emergence from the work of visual art of truth about being and earth, as defined by Heidegger. In my forthcoming article ‘Ekphrasis and illumination of painting’, I argue that the poet, like the artist, restrains seeing-as and operates in a mode approximating mere seeing, as these terms are defined by Heidegger and Wittgenstein.

In the present article I propose to examine the role of looking down and looking up in non-representational art, and in particular Bolt’s ‘oil stain paintings’ exhibited in the Forty-five Downstairs gallery in Melbourne in conjunction with the launch of her book.

I propose to expose some blind spots in the thinking which underpins theories derived from Heidegger. I will examine the way ‘representation’ has been constructed in twentieth-century thought, and will argue that Heideggerian truth and Bolt’s ‘real material effects’ result from the privileging of perception over knowledge. I will examine, with particular reference to portraiture, Bolt’s assertion that the referent can be rehabilitated in Western thought and traced in ‘real material effects’. I will argue that ‘representation’ is an unstable process occurring within and outside signification, and that this very instability enables us to confidently predict that all art produces ‘real material effects’, or in other words, Heideggerian truth.