129 resultados para Augmented-Reality


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The evolutionary perspective of cancer (which origins and dynamics result from evolutionary processes) has gained significant international recognition over the past decade and generated a wave of enthusiasm among researchers. In this context, several authors proposed that insights into evolutionary and adaptation dynamics of cancers can be gained by studying the evolutionary strategies of organisms. Although this reasoning is fundamentally correct, in our opinion, it contains a potential risk of excessive adaptationism, potentially leading to the suggestion of complex adaptations that are unlikely to evolve among cancerous cells. For example, the ability of recognizing related conspecifics and adjusting accordingly behaviors as in certain free-living species appears unlikely in cancer. Indeed, despite their rapid evolutionary rate, malignant cells are under selective pressures for their altered lifestyle for only few decades. In addition, even though cancer cells can theoretically display highly sophisticated adaptive responses, it would be crucial to determine the frequency of their occurrence in patients with cancer, before therapeutic applications can be considered. Scientists who try to explain oncogenesis will need in the future to critically evaluate the metaphorical comparison of selective processes affecting cancerous cells with those affecting organisms. This approach seems essential for the applications of evolutionary biology to understand the origin of cancers, with prophylactic and therapeutic applications.

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1915 was a critical year for Australians, and not just because of the pride and myth-making associated with Gallipoli. Today we struggle to capture a sense of the profound shock and anxiety the landing at Anzac Cove brought to Australia. But it was this, together with a wider understanding that the war was not going well, that defined 1915 and drew Australians ever deeper into the vortex of total war.

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The use of factor-augmented panel regressions has become very popular in recent years. Existing methods for such regressions require that the common factors are strong, such that their cumulative loadings rise proportionally to the number of cross-sectional units, which of course need not be the case in practice. Motivated by this, the current paper offers an indepth analysis of the effect of non-strong factors on two of the most popular estimators for factor-augmented regressions, namely, principal components (PC) and common correlated effects (CCE).

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Overwhelmingly, school-based sexuality education programmes focus on the prevention of infection, pregnancy and abuse, with little if any attention given to positive views of sexuality and rarely the inclusion of sex positive issues such as pleasure, intimacy and desire. This paper explores the experience of teaching about pleasure to pre-service health and physical education teachers as part of compulsory studies in a unit on sexuality education designed to prepare them to teach sexuality education in secondary schools. Drawing on the aims, theoretical framework, content and pedagogical structure of the unit, and data collected from 42, third-year pre-service teachers (PST) in Australia via surveys and student assessment, the paper provides some practical examples of what teaching about pleasure might look like in practice. It argues that with adequate preparation, a framework to celebrate sex and sexuality, a gender lens to examine normative discourses, and the opportunity for reflection, PST can develop the confidence, skill and willingness to include pedagogies of pleasure in their school-based work.

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Micro-robotic cell injection is typically performed manually by a trainedbio-operator, and success rates are often low. To enhance bio-operator performance during real-time cell injection, our earlier work introduced a haptically-enabled micro-robotic cell injection system. The system employed haptic virtual fixtures to provide haptic guidance according to articular performance metrics. This paper extends the work by replicating the system within a virtual reality (VR) environment for bio-operator training. Using the virtual environment, the bio-operator is able to control the virtual injection process in the same way they would with the physical haptic micro-robotic cell injection system, while benefiting from the enhanced visualisation capabilities offered by the 3D VR environment. The system is achieved using cost-effective components offering training at much lower cost than using the physical system.

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The rapid development of virtual reality offers significant potential for skills training applications. Our ongoing work proposes virtual reality operator training for the micro-robotic cell injection procedure. The interface between the operator and the system can be achieved in many different ways. The computer keyboard is ubiquitous in its use for everyday computing applications and also commonly utilized in virtual reality systems. Based on the premise that most people have experience in using a computer keyboard, as opposed to more sophisticated input devices, this paper considers the feasibility of using a keyboard to control the micro-robot for cell injection. In this study, thirteen participants underwent the experimental evaluation. The participants were asked to perform three simulated trial sessions in a virtual micro-robotic cell injection environment. Each session consisted of ten cell injection trials and relevant data for each trial were recorded and analyzed. Results showed participants' performance improvement after the three sessions. It was also observed that participants intuitively controlled multiple axes of the micro-robot simultaneously despite the absence of instruction on how to do so. This continued throughout the experiments and suggests skills transfer from other keyboard based interactions. Based on the results provided, it is suggested that keyboard control is a feasible, simple and low-cost control method for the virtual micro-robot.

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This paper discusses the design of a virtual reality (VR) training system for micro-robotic cell injection. A brief explanation of cell injection and the challenges associated with the procedure are first presented. This is followed by discussion of the skills required by the bio-operator to achieve successful injection, such as accuracy, trajectory and applied force. The design of the VR system which includes the visual display, input controllers, mapping strategies, haptic guidance and output data is then discussed. Initial evaluation of the VR system is presented including analysis and discussion based on conducted user evaluations. Finally, given the findings of the initial evaluation, this paper concludes that an effective haptically-enabled virtual cell injection training system is feasible, and recommendations for improvement and future work are given.

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Understanding the real world based on visualisation and prediction is essential for the decision-maker. We build a computational virtual reality environment to improve visualisation, understanding and prediction of the physical world and to guide action. It develops a five-dimensional, computer-generated, computational Virtual Reality Environment for Anaesthesia (VREA). Our online prediction will be calculated based on the correlation and composition computing with respect to the three dimensions: horizontal, vertical and individual. The novel musical notes based anesthetic simulator is proposed to identify the abnormality and visualize the online medical time series. The experiments with the online ECG data will present a real-time case to show the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed system and algorithms.

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In this paper, a Computational Virtual Reality Environment for Anesthesia (CVREA) is proposed. Virtual reality, data mining, machine learning techniques will be explored to develop (1) an immersive and interactive training platform for anaesthetists, which can greatly improve their training and learning performance; (2) a knowledge learning environment which collects clinical data with greater richness, process data with more efficacy, and facilitate knowledge discovery in anaesthesiology.