The effect of deformation twinning on stress localization in a three dimensional TWIP steel microstructure

We present an investigation of the effect of deformation twinning on the visco-plastic response and stress localization in a low stacking fault energy twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel under uniaxial tension loading. The three-dimensional full field response was simulated using the fast Fourier transform method. The initial microstructure was obtained from a three dimensional serial sectionusing electron backscatter diffraction. Twin volume fraction evolution upon strain was measured so the hardening parameters of the simple Voce model could be identified to fit both the stress-strain behavior and twinning activity. General trends of texture evolution were acceptably predicted including the typical sharpening and balance between the 1 1 1 fiber and the 1 0 0 fiber. Twinning was found to nucleate preferentially at grain boundaries although the predominant twin reorientation scheme did not allow spatial propagation to be captured. Hot spots in stress correlated with the boundaries of twinned voxel domains, which either impeded or enhanced twinning based on which deformation modes were active locally.

Three-dimensional slope stability assessment of two-layered undrained clay

This paper uses the finite element upper and lower bound limit analysis methods to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) slope stability of two-layered undrained clay slopes. The solutions obtained from the slope stability analyses are bracketed to within ±10% or better. For comparison purposes, results from two-dimensional (2D) analyses based on the numerical limit analysis methods and the conventional limit equilibrium method (LEM) are also discussed. This study shows that 3D boundary of a slope can have significant effects on the slope stability. In addition, the results are presented in the form of stability charts which can be convenient tools for practicing engineers.

Synthesis of an indium oxide nanoparticle embedded graphene three-dimensional architecture for enhanced lithium-ion storage

Indium oxide nanoparticles were synthesised by using a facile and scalable strategy. The as-prepared nanoparticles (20-40 nm) were in situ and homogeneously distributed in a three-dimensional (3D) graphene architecture subsequently during the fabrication process. The obtained nanocomposite acts as a high capacity anode material for lithium-ion batteries and demonstrates good cycle stability. A drastically enhanced capacity of 750 mA h g^-1 in comparison with that of bare In2O3 nanoparticles can be maintained after 100 cycles, along with an improved high rate performance (210 mA h g^-1 at 1 A g^-1 and 120 mA h g^-1 at 2 A g^-1). The excellent performance is linked with the indium oxide nanoparticles and the unique 3D interconnected porous graphene structure. The highly conductive and porous 3D graphene structure greatly enhances the performance of lithium-ion batteries by protecting the nanoparticles from the electrolyte, stabilizing the nanoparticles during cycles and buffering the volume expansion upon lithium insertion.