När hjärtat sviker : Kvinnors upplevelser och behov av stöd i samband med hjärtinfarkt

Syftet med studien var att undersöka kvinnors upplevelser i samband med hjärtinfarkt samt vilket behov av stöd dessa kvinnor har. Studien utfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie där resultatet är baserat på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar sökta ur databaserna Elin@, Swemed och Pubmed. För att säkra studiernas kvalitet är artiklarna granskade utifrån granskningsmallar. Resultatet visade att många av kvinnorna som drabbats av hjärtinfarkt inte tog sina symtom på allvar, diagnosen kom som en chock och de förnekade vad som hade hänt. De skämdes över att vara sjuka och behöva hjälp. Att komma tillbaka till det dagliga livet efter hjärtinfarkten upplevdes som svårt, de ville att allt skulle vara som innan och när de inte klarade av det kändes det som om de tappade kontrollen. De kände också en stor press på sig att förändra sin livsstil. Vetskapen om att livet fort kunde ta slut framkallade känslor som oro, rädsla och respekt för livet. Kvinnors behov av stöd visade sig genom att de önskade mer individuellt anpassad information och råd om bland annat medicinering och livsstilsförändringar. Socialt och emotionellt stöd genom ett stödjande nätverk och att få dela med sig av sina upplevelser för andra med liknande erfarenheter beskrevs också som ett behov.

Kön, kroppsbild och dysfunktionella tankar : en sambandsstudie

Body esteem is the affective aspect of body image, which is shaped by social experience. Compared with men, women have a more negative body image, which is more frequently correlated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts, especially in the case of eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine gender differences in body esteem and its subcategories, and to find out whether there exists a stronger link between negative body esteem and higher levels of dysfunctional thoughts in women. The relationship between body esteem, dysfunctional thoughts and mental illness was examined. Participants were 73 college students doing social sciences and sports training educations. Body esteem questionnaire and dysfunctional thoughts questionnaire as well as a self made questionnaire on mental illness were used. Results showed that women had a more negative body esteem compared to men, especially considering weight. In women, there was a medium-strong negative relation between body esteem and dysfunctional thoughts. The results indicate that the norms for female body ideal that abound in the Western society have a negative affect on women's thinking and body image.Key words: Gender, body esteem, dysfunctional thoughts, mental illness.

Vocabulary learning and homework in the upper elementary EFL classroom.

Vocabulary homework is a common feature in the English subject in Sweden. Often the pupils are given a list of words they are to memorize for a pending test. In this literature review the author aims to analyze what the current research says about homework and how homework can be used effectively for EFL learners in elementary school, with a focus on both homework and vocabulary learning research. Cognitive linguistics has been used as a theoretical perspective to help answer the research questions. Results indicate that homework has limited effect on younger learners and should not be used, while, some researchers claim that it can be effective if introduced properly. Regarding vocabulary learning, it is important that vocabulary is relevant to the learner and that words are taught through a meaningful context. Therefore, vocabulary homework for EFL learners in elementary school should consist of words and phraseology which have a personal relevance to the learner, or key words for subjects taught in class. The conclusion of the study is that it is up to the teachers to determine if they should use vocabulary homework or not when teaching EFL, as long as the decision is based on current research.

Makt och motstånd i köpcentrumet

This article focuses how power and resistance are exercised in one of Stockholm’s biggest shopping centres. Power and resistance are key words in Cultural Studies. However, the tradition is dominated by studies where 'ordinary/common’ people and their everyday resistance against economical, political and symbolic power is analysed. Critics of Cultural Studies have pointed out that this domination in some cases has led to a romanticized view on common people s resistance and an unproblematic, simplified concept of power. This article works in the tradition of Cultural Studies, but takes this critique seriously by distinguishing three arenas where economic, political and symbolical forms of power intersect and clash with other interests. These are located in the tension between three sets of relations: a) the shopping centre versus the local municipality, b) the centre management versus the individual businesses that run shops in the centre, and c) the shopping centre as a whole (comprising the owners, the shops and the space itself) versus the visitors (who are predominantly women). The empirical material consists of observations and field-notes, branch statistics, interviews with customers, shop employees and centre managers, photographic documentation, advertisements and other public sources from 1998 to 2002.