2 resultados para Health-education
em Dalarna University College Electronic Archive
Resumo:
Parodontit är en kronisk inflammatorisk sjukdom, som orsakas av patogena bakterier som fäster på tändernas ytor, där de bildar plack. Sjukdomen kan förebyggas genom god munhygien. Syftet med studien var att beskriva och jämföra parodontit relateradkunskap och dess relation till munhygiensvanor hos patienter före och 1-år efter icke kirurgisk parodontal behandling utförd av tandhygienist samt jämföra om det föreligger någon skillnad i kunskap efter behandling mellan två olika munhälsoundervisningsprogram. Ett ytterligare syfte var att beskriva om det föreligger någon skillnad i kunskap om parodontit med avseende på ålder, kön och utbildningsnivå. Studien var en beskrivande, jämförande studie med kvantitativ ansats och en del av en experimentell tvågruppsstudie.Urvalet bestod av 113 individer, 60 kvinnor och 53 män, i åldern 20-65 år som var remitteras till en specialistklinik i parodontologi. Av de 113 studiedeltagarna randomiserades 57 personer till ett individuell skräddarsydd munhälsoundervisningsprogram och 56 personer till ett standardiserat munhälsoundervisningsprogram. Ett frågeformulär med 11 påståenden gällande kunskap om parodontit och ett påstående om tandborstfrekvens samt ett påstående om approximalrengörning användes.Resultatet visade att patienterna hade mer kunskap efter icke kirurgisk parodontal behandling, men det fanns ingen skillnad mellan undervisningsprogrammen. Inget samband påvisades mellan kunskap om parodontit och utbildningsnivå, kön och ålder. Studien visar att både individuellt skräddarsydd munhälsoundervisning och standard munhälsoundervisning ledar till en ökad kunskap om parodontit mellan deltagarna.
Resumo:
OBJECTIVE: to explore perspectives and experiences of antenatal care and partner involvement among women who nearly died during pregnancy ('near-miss'). DESIGN: a study guided by naturalistic inquiry was conducted, and included extended in-community participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions. Qualitative data were collected between March 2013 and April 2014 in Kigali, Rwanda. FINDINGS: all informants were aware of the recommendations of male involvement for HIV-testing at the first antenatal care visit. However, this recommendation was seen as a clear link in the chain of delays and led to severe consequences, especially for women without engaged partners. The overall quality of antenatal services was experienced as suboptimal, potentially missing the opportunity to provide preventive measures and essential health education intended for both parents. This seemed to contribute to women's disincentive to complete all four recommended visits and men's interest in attending to ensure their partners' reception of care. However, the participants experienced a restriction of men's access during subsequent antenatal visits, which made men feel denied to their increased involvement during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: 'near-miss' women and their partners face paradoxical barriers to actualise the recommended antenatal care visits. The well-intended initiative of male partner involvement counterproductively causes delays or excludes women whereas supportive men are turned away from further health consultations. Currently, the suboptimal quality of antenatal care misses the opportunity to provide health education for the expectant couple or to identify and address early signs of complications IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: these findings suggest a need for increased flexibility in the antenatal care recommendations to encourage women to attend care with or without their partner, and to create open health communication about women's and men's real needs within the context of their social situations. Supportive partners should not be denied involvement at any stage of pregnancy, but should be received only upon consent of the expectant mother.