Une comparaison de films africains postcoloniaux et de leurs metteurs en scène

Denna uppsats handlar om afrikansk film och dess relation till sina forna kolonisatörer. Eftersom filmen är ett ungt konstuttryck som dessutom är dyrt och tekniskt avancerat, så har många gånger utbildning av regissörer och finansiering skett i eller kommit från det land som länderna frigjort sig ifrån.Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa den komplexa post-koloniala relationen mellan de gamla kolonierna och dess gamla kolonisatörer, i skapandet av afrikansk film. Jag valde ut tre afrikanska filmer vid filmfestivalen CinemAfrica i februari i Stockholm, som visar ett urval av nyproducerad afrikansk film.Uppsatsen innehåller också en överblick över hur den afrikanska filmen utvecklats fram till idag. Olika genres, innehåll och stilar beskrivs.Resultatet av studien visar att i de tre filmerna som jag har studerat, är det väldigt tydligt att regissörens bakgrund och nuvarande situation i hög grad speglar sig i filmerna. Den som utbildat sig i och fortfarande lever i Afrika har gjort en film som känns afrikansk och handlar om afrikanska problem. De andra två som levt och verkat till stor del i Europa, och finansierats av europeiska bolag, har en annan målgrupp. Deras filmer är också en blandning av afrikanskt och europeiskt innehåll och stämning.

Movies, Mind and Meaning : Studying Audience and Favourite Films

Construction of identity and meaning is becoming increasingly important in both media studies and religion scholarship. (Lövheim, 2004) Meaning construction outside traditional religion has become more interesting for religious studies and what individuals in the audience do with all messages circulated through media in everyday life has attended increasing interest within media studies (Stout and Buddenbaum, 2001). Motion pictures, soap operas and advertising are all examples of media contents which generate ideas among its audience which to a various degree are used as resources within the construction of identity (Jansson, 2001). The investigation of what modern humankind’s world views look like and what components they are composed of, in this context seems to be an important topic of investigation (Holm and Björkqvist, 1996). The ways in which the development of media has effected the daily lives of individuals is interest as is the nature of the self and the ways in which the process of self-formation is affected by the profusion of mediated materials (Thompson, 1995). Film and religion are my interest within this larger frame. The topic is not exactly new but the combination of film and religion has during the last ten years resulted in a rapidly growing number of books by scholars interested in this field (Lyden, 2003). One growing focus is on the role that films can and do play within the emerging and developing valuesystem of people in the West today (Marsh, 2004). The British theologian Clive Marsh’s point of departure is very similar to my own. Viewers bring to a film life-experience, immediate concerns and worldviews and the exploration of this interplay between movies and the interpreting process of meaning making is the very focus in this paper. Theoretically, the semeiological model of Alf Linderman is combined with cultural cognitive approaches used by a number of Scandinavian media scholars developing perspectives in audience theory (Linderman, 1996, Höijer and Werner, 1998). 13 individuals, their favourite movie and what it means to them in their life My aim is to examine how individuals comprehend film and what the meaning process look like. In this paper I present the outcome of 13 interviews with young people about their favourite film. I suggest how it is possible to interpret how they interrelate film comprehension with their personal beliefs and their culturally constructed worldview from a sociocognitive point of view. Examples of films chosen range from Disneys Lion King (1994), sciencefiction and fantasy successes like The Matrix (1999) and Lord of the Rings (2001) or the next best movie ever according to www.IMdb.com The Shawshank Redemption (1994) as well as the Swedish blockbuster Så som i himmelen (2004), aka “As in Heaven”.