Kung slår dam : våldsforskningsmetodologi i ett våldsamt jämställt Sverige

King captures queen. Methodology in research on violence in violently equal Sweden Research and debate on violence against women in a Swedish context is here discussed from a perspective that focuses on the different understandings and epistemological claims behind existing positions. I crystallize a dominant perspective on violence, centred around fragmentation/deviance, and a challenging feminist understanding, centred around coherence/normality. I relate these understandings to a wider set of methodological choices and epistemological claims within research on violence against women, captured in what I call a discourse on partner violence (fragmentation) and a feminist discourse on men’s violence against women (coherence). The article also examines the reactions, in media and academic life, that a quantitative study on men’s violence against women in Sweden provoked, Captured queen, men’s violence against women in equal Sweden. A prevalence study (Lundgren et al 2001). By applying a coherent methodological approach, stemming from the feminist discourse on violence against women, the study seems to have placed itself outside what was comprehensible for many voices in the debate (from media and the academic field). I discuss the hostile reactions the study aroused, in relation to its methodology and the above presented conflicting understandings that occupy the research field “violence against women”.

Det handlar om kärlek : En fallstudie av ett projekt för att synliggöra barns rättigheter för ungdomar i årskurs 7-9

Föreliggande studie har projektet Det handlar om kärlek i fokus. Det är ett projekt i Rädda Barnens regi som tar sin utgångspunkt i Barnkonventionen och mänskliga rättigheter. Projek-tet har genomförts med medel från Länsstyrelsen Dalarna på tre skolor i Dalarna. Denna stu-die rör dock endast Maserskolan i Borlänge kommun. Målgruppen är årskurs 7-9. Syftet är att förebygga hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck, något som emellertid inte uttrycks officiellt, då en del i projektidén är att inte någon ska känna sig utpekad. Man kan diskutera att ha ett un-derliggande syfte som finns med i det material som skolans ledning får ta del av, men som inte delges eleverna. De vuxna som varit involverade i projektet har dock inte sett detta som så problematiskt. De framhåller att den komplexitet som omger elever som lever i hederskulturer i sitt privatliv och som samtidigt i sitt offentliga liv ständigt konfronteras med en helt annorlunda samhällskultur, skapar en situation som måste hanteras på specifika sätt och att detta förfarande föll väl ut för elevernas del. Detta sågs som det väsentliga i den här projekt-idén. Studiens underlag har insamlats via triangulering, vilket innebär att flera olika metoder använts. I detta fall observation vid olika aktiviteter inom projektets ram, informella samtal, elevenkäter och intervjuer. Resultatet visar att projektidén fungerade väl med avseende på dess intentioner och syfte. Eleverna fick ökade kunskaper om barns och ungas rättigheter och majoriteten av eleverna visade intresse och engagemang i de aktiviteter som genomfördes. Skolan som en viktigt arena för att sprida kunskap om mänskliga rättigheter synliggjordes.

Dialectal Speech in Literature and Translation : Bachelor Degree Thesis in English Linguistics

This essay studies how dialectal speech is reflected in written literature and how this phenomenon functions in translation. With this purpose in mind, Styron's Sophie's Choice and Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are analysed using samples of non-standard orthography which have been applied in order to reflect the dialect, or accent, of certain characters. In the same way, Lundgren's Swedish translation of Sophie's Choice and Ferres and Rolfe's Spanish version of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are analysed. The method consists of linguistically analysing a few text samples from each novel, establishing how dialect is represented through non-standard orthography, and thereafter, comparing the same samples with their translation into another language in order to establish whether dialectal features are visible also in the translated novels. It is concluded that non-standard orthography is applied in the novels in order to represent each possible linguistic level, including pronunciation, morphosyntax, and vocabulary. Furthermore, it is concluded that while Lundgren's translation intends to orthographically represent dialectal speech on most occasions where the original does so, Ferres and Rolfe's translation pays no attention to dialectology. The discussion following the data analysis establishes some possible reasons for the exclusion of dialectal features in the Spanish translation considered here. Finally, the reason for which this study contributes to the study of dialectology is declared.

LEARNING STUDY: ROZVOJ ŠKOLY SKRZE KOLEGIÁLNÍ UČENÍ UČITELŮ : Learning study: school development through collegial learning of teachers

The aim of this article is to describe how the Learning Study method (LS) was implemented in a Swedish upper secondary school, as well as how the principals and the teachers involved perceived this to affect teaching at, and the development of, the school. It is an empirical study that was conducted as an action research project over a period of three years. The project to implement the LS method was based on the assumption that proper training is the result of collegial activity that occurs when teachers learn from each other. The teachers in this study were, in general, positive about using the LS method. It created opportunities to meet and talk about teaching skills, developed better professional relationships between colleagues, and offered a systematic method for planning, implementing and monitoring teaching. However, working together requires that time be set aside to allow for implementation of the LS method. This is crucial, as the LS method is a rather expensive way to make school development work. This places heavy demands on principals to create the necessary conditions for the implementation of the LS method.

Det är enklare i teorin… Om skolutveckling i praktiken : En fallstudie av ett skolutvecklingsprojekt i en gymnasieskola

This dissertation is a case study dealing with a school development project that took place in an upper secondary school as a result of a merger of two schools with different cultures. The project used a method called “Frirumsmodellen” and was planned to be conducted in three steps. The first was to carry out a cultural analysis in order to map the preconditions to start a school development project. The second was to carry out concrete actions and finally study eventual effects from such activities by doing a second cultural analysis. My role was to be a supervisor in the school development work, but at the same time study how this work was conducted and its impact in the ordinary school day. The dissertation takes its departure in the fact that schools are political governed. The mission of schools is never neutral; it is always an expression of behind laying social forces, ideologies and ideals of the contemporary society. Of this reason, there is a close connection between the macro political level and the micro political level. Another point of departure is the transition from a modern to a post modern society that gives the character to the changes that take place in schools. Steering of schools has partly been treated as a technical implementation problem. Schools contain on going conflicts between different interest groups that, more or less regularly, end up in educational reforms. These reforms generate school development activities in the single school. Undoubtedly, this makes school development to a complex process. At a rather late stage of the study I decided not to fulfil my task to follow the original plan. I instead let the school development project as a model to be in focus. The over all purpose was formulated: How is it possible to understand what happened in the school development project in the Falkgymnasiet and why was it not possible to carry it out as it was said in the project plan? To interpret what took place during the project I did create an interpretation frame of implementation and complexity theory that also made it possible to critically scrutinise the “Frirumsmodellen”. Already in an early stage of the process it was obvious that the “Frirumsmodellen” did not supply any tools to use and it became disconnected from the project. The project in it selves was marginalised and made invisible. The headmaster used the situation to change things she thought were important to develop. As a result, things happened, but most of the involved people did not at first hand connect this to the project. It is, of course, difficult in detail to say what caused what. The complexity theory successively made the hidden patterns revealed, hidden unofficial potentates visible, as well as unpredictable conditions that generated reactions from the personnel in front of a development work. Together this was rather efficient obstacles for not changing this school. I also discuss school development and implementation problems on a general level, for example, the possibility to transform a top-down initiated project to be bottom-up driven and using project as a tool for school development work. It was obvious that headmasters and teachers must be prepared to handle the ideological dimensions of problems schools have to face. Consequently, development work is about making problems visible and to handle these in the intersection point between the intentions of educational policies, pedagogical researchers, school administrators, headmasters, teachers and pupils. The ideological dimension also contains an existential issue. Do I as a teacher share the intentions for the development work? If not, how must I act?

Kvinnors behov av stöd vid bröstcancer : - En litteraturöversikt

Bakgrund Bröstcancer är den vanligaste typen av cancer hos kvinnor över hela världen. De som drabbas av bröstcancer har olika förutsättningar att hantera sin situation. Många av kvinnorna upplever en emotionell kris i samband med diagnosen och med hjälp av stöd från sjukvården kan patienten finna mening i sin situation. Syfte Syftet är att sammanställa aktuell forskning om bröstcancerdrabbade kvinnors effekter av stöd under diagnosperioden. Metod En litteraturöversikt som sammanställer aktuell forskning inom det valda omvårdnadsområdet. Resultat I resultatet framkom att kvinnorna behöver ett stöd i form av kommunikation, information samt ett emotionellt stöd från vårdpersonal. Stödet ska utformas efter patientens unika situation och när sjukvården är tillgänglig för patienterna minskas deras stress. Patienterna upplevde stöd under diagnosperioden då sjuksköterskan erhöll god förmåga att bemöta och kommunicera på ett adekvat sätt. Slutsats Studien visar att det krävs en god relation mellan bröstcancer drabbade kvinnor och vårdaren för att kvinnorna ska känna stöd.

The Key Role of the School Principal’s Leadership in the Schooling of Newly Arrived Immigrant Pupils in Sweden : Experiences from an Interactive Action Research Project

When newly immigrated children and young people begin school in Sweden, certain challengesarise. These may result from weak Swedish-language skills and different schooling backgrounds,as well as organizational and pedagogical limitations in the schools. This generates demands onschool leaders to lead and develop the organization and teachers competences to meet these pupils’needs. This situation was behind the initiation of the project “New Immigrants and Learning—Competence Development for Teachers and School Principals.” The project ran in schools infour Swedish municipalities, its aim was to develop leadership, organizational and pedagogicalskills that would facilitate the schooling and integration of newly arrived pupils. This article aimsto describe and discuss a Participant Action Research (PAR) based on a think tank and researchcircles, drawing special attention to the role of the school leaders. It will also examine whether theresearch circles and the project overall served to develop educational and intercultural leadership,organizational conditions, collegial learning, pedagogical methods and competence in terms ofschooling for this pupil group.

DEN KOMMUNALA FÖRVALTNINGENSOM RATIONALISTISKT IDEAL- en fallstudie om styrning och handlingsutrymme inom skola,barnomsorg och miljö- och hälsoskydd

DEN KOMMUNALA FÖRVALTNINGEN SOM RATIONALISTISKT IDEAL - en fallstudie om styrning och handlingsutrymme inom skola, barnomsorg och miljö- och hälsoskydd.(The municipal authority as a rationalist ideal - a case-study on steering and scope for initiative within child-care, education and environmental departments.)A municipal authority is a considerable producer of services in the local community and iscommonly perceived as an important sector of the Swedish welfare system. One aspect of awell-functioning municipal organisation is that its administrative organs function efficiently.This study examines how activities in municipal administration are steered. The focus is on how different methods are used within a vertical hierarchical perspective to influence the actions of the participants and how the latter try to create space for action. To analyse the problem an ideal-type steering model is used.The study consists of three sections. In the first the research problem and the aims of the study are introduced as well as the methodological and theoretical approach. The result of the study is presented in the second section and in the third conclusions are drawn and discussed.The study shows that the perceptions of the participants involved regarding the possibilities of steering the everyday activities with the support of the methods studied differ on a number of points depending on the sector studied. When control of the various steering methods is distributed in different organisational units in the municipality a number of steering mechanisms operate side-by-side, sometimes in harmony and sometimes independently or in pure conflict with their goals. Steering leads to clear restrictions but there is clearlyroom for initiative, a ‘free-zone’ where the individual has room to act independently. Is it possible based on this study to state whether the ideal-type model functions in the way intended? On many accounts it would seem doubtful whether the effects of steering lead to beneficial effects for the activity. Rather it would seem that the effects of steeringsometimes function more or less randomly because the administration exists in a complexcontext in which the staff can be expected to have its own expectations and act in accordancewith them.

W-dalaprojektet - Vinnande partnerskap mellan näringsliv och högskola

Samverkan mellan företag, stat, kommuner, landsting o.s.v. och högskolor representerar tillsammans den plattform vilken ofta benämns som Triple Helix. Denna typ av samverkan utgår från antagandet att de inblandade aktörerna kan få belöningar som överstiger de bidrag som de själva sätter in. En sådan samverkan antas också ge företag och den region de befinner sig i konkurrensfördelar och möjligheter att växa och utvecklas. Syftet med Wdalaprojektet, som startade våren 2005 och som skulle avslutas i och med utgången av 2006, var att bygga upp en sådan varaktig samverkan. Den frågan som är i fokus är hur framgångsrikt W-dalaprojektet varit i dessa avseenden? Den här studien försöker:a) beskriva hur projektet initierats och implementeratsb) värdera i vilken utsträckning projektets mål har uppnåtts samtc) identifiera och värdera funktionaliteten hos den samverkansmodellsom använtsErfarenheterna från projektet kan sammanfattas i sex punkter för vad som kan antas vara väsentligt för en långsiktig samverkan att fungera.1. Det behövs fora för kontinuerliga möten och en formaliserad organisation2. ”Kontaktpunkter” för att koordinera samarbetet spelar en viktig roll3. Högskolans ”leveransförmåga” måste förbättras4. ”Kulturkrockar” och en bristande ömsesidig tilltro5. Förmågan att definiera behov av samverkan behöver förbättras6. Långsiktig hållbar ekonomi

Projektet W-Dala Plus - metodutveckling i samverkan mellannäringsliv och högskola

Projektet W-dala Plus - metodutveckling i samverkan mellan näringsliv och högskola är en fortsättning på det s.k. W-dalaprojektet (W-Dala – vinnande partnerskap mellan näringsliv och högskola) som startade våren 2005 och som, något försenat, avslutades under våren 2007. Syftet med det inledande projektet var att bygga upp en varaktig och innovativ samverkan mellan regionens näringsliv, den offentliga sektorns organisationer ochden högre utbildningen, för att skapa en ”triple helix-anda”. Sådan samverkan kan ske både formaliserat och genom att informella nätverk byggs upp. Denna samverkan avsågs att ”kunna bli självbärande genom att företagarna själva betalar för sitt behov av fortbildning och uppdragsforskning” (Projektplanen, W-Dala). Syftet var också att det arbete som inleddes skulle kunna öka företagens konkurrenskraft och därmed bidratill regional tillväxt.Syftet med studien är att belysa, tolka och analysera hur W-Dalaprojektet vidareutvecklats genom att projektet W-Dala Plus - metodutveckling i samverkan mellan näringsliv och högskola genomförts samt vilka erfarenheter som är möjliga att dra från detta. Resultatet kan i sin tur ge indikationer mot vilka områden fortsatta insatser kan vara lämpliga att riktas.