Oxo-rhenium(V) complexes with bidentate phosphine ligands: synthesis, crystal structure and catalytic potentiality in epoxidation of olefins using hydrogen peroxide activated bicarbonate as oxidant

Two oxorhenium(V) complexes with bidentate phosphine ligands were synthesized and isolated as [ReOCl3(dppm)] 1 and [ReOCl3(dppp)] 2 [where dppm = 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino) methane and dppp = 1.3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propanel. Complex 2 was structurally characterized. Both the complexes were used as catalysts in the epoxidation of olefins using NaHCO3 as co-catalyst and H2O2 as terminal oxidant. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and catalytic epoxidation potentiality of oxodiperoxo molybdenum(VI) complexes with pyridine-2-carboxaldoxime and pyridine-2-carboxylate: the crystal structure of PMePh3[MoO(O-2)(2)(PyCO)]

[MoO(O-2)(2)(PyCOXH)(H2O)] and PMePh3[MoO(O-2)(2)(PyCO)] (PyCOXH = Pyridine-2-carboxaldoxime and PyCOH = Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid) have been synthesized. Both complexes have been characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods; in addition, the carboxylate complex has been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The carboxylate complex is a more efficient catalyst than the oxime complex for epoxidation of olefins and shows excellent catalytic activity for the substrates: cyclooctene, cinnamyl alcohol, allyl alcohol and 1-hexene.

The experience of immediacy: emotion and enlistment in fact-based theatre

This article discusses emotion as a strategy of political agency in post-Thatcherite documentary theatre. The 1990s saw a renaissance in theatre writing based in directness and immediacy but based in two quite different forms of drama, In-Yer-Face theatre and fact-based drama. There are clear distinctions between these forms: the new brutalist writing was aggressively provocative; documentary theatre engaged the audience by revealing an urgent truth. Both claimed a kind of realism that confronted actuality, be that of situation or experience, through forms of theatre that cultivated emotional engagement. In-Yer-Face theatre used emotional shock to penetrate the numb cynicism that its creators perceived. Documentary theatre used observation and the cultivation of sympathy to enlist its audience in a shared understanding of what was hidden, not understood or not noticed. The article analyses the functioning of emotional enlistment to engage the audience politically in two examples of documentary theatre, Black Watch and Guantanamo

An evolutionary innovation perspective on the selection of low and zero carbon technologies in new housing

The Code for Sustainable Homes (the Code) will require new homes in the United Kingdom to be ‘zero carbon’ from 2016. Drawing upon an evolutionary innovation perspective, this paper contributes to a gap in the literature by investigating which low and zero carbon technologies are actually being used by house builders, rather than the prevailing emphasis on the potentiality of these technologies. Using the results from a questionnaire three empirical contributions are made. First, house builders are selecting a narrow range of technologies. Second, these choices are made to minimise the disruption to their standard design and production templates (SDPTs). Finally, the coalescence around a small group of technologies is expected to intensify with solar-based technologies predicted to become more important. This paper challenges the dominant technical rationality in the literature that technical efficiency and cost benefits are the primary drivers for technology selection. These drivers play an important role but one which is mediated by the logic of maintaining the SDPTs of the house builders. This emphasises the need for construction diffusion of innovation theory to be problematized and developed within the context of business and market regimes constrained and reproduced by resilient technological trajectories.

Rhodosporidium toruloides cultivated in NaCl-enriched glucose-based media: adaptation dynamics and lipid production

In the present report and for the first time in the international literature, the impact of the addition of NaCl upon growth and lipid production on the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides was studied. Moreover, equally for first time, lipid production by R. toruloides was performed under non-aseptic conditions. Therefore, the potentiality of R. toruloides DSM 4444 to produce lipid in media containing several initial concentrations of NaCl with glucose employed as carbon source was studied. Preliminary batch-flask trials with increasing amounts of NaCl revealed the tolerance of the strain against NaCl content up to 6.0% (w/v). However, 4.0% (w/v) of NaCl stimulated lipid accumulation for this strain, by enhancing lipid production up to 71.3% (w/w) per dry cell weight. The same amount of NaCl was employed in pasteurized batch-flask cultures in order to investigate the role of the salt as bacterial inhibiting agent. The combination of NaCl and high glucose concentrations was found to satisfactorily suppress bacterial contamination of R. toruloides cultures under these conditions. Batch-bioreactor trials of the yeast in the same media with high glucose content (up to 150 g/L) resulted in satisfactory substrate assimilation, with almost linear kinetic profile for lipid production, regardless of the initial glucose concentration imposed. Finally, fed-batch bioreactor cultures led to the production of 37.2 g/L of biomass, accompanied by 64.5% (w/w) of lipid yield. Lipid yield per unit of glucose consumed received the very satisfactory value of 0.21 g/g, a value amongst the highest ones in the literature. The yeast lipid produced contained mainly oleic acid and to lesser extent palmitic and stearic acids, thus constituting a perfect starting material for “second generation” biodiesel