46 resultados para complexity in spatiotemporal evolution
Filtro por publicador
- Repository Napier (1)
- Aberdeen University (1)
- Aberystwyth University Repository - Reino Unido (3)
- Academic Archive On-line (Jönköping University; Sweden) (1)
- AMS Tesi di Dottorato - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (7)
- AMS Tesi di Laurea - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (1)
- Aquatic Commons (3)
- ArchiMeD - Elektronische Publikationen der Universität Mainz - Alemanha (3)
- Archimer: Archive de l'Institut francais de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (2)
- Archive of European Integration (5)
- Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad del País Vasco (9)
- Aston University Research Archive (24)
- B-Digital - Universidade Fernando Pessoa - Portugal (2)
- Biblioteca de Teses e Dissertações da USP (1)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (20)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (BDPI/USP) (4)
- Biblioteca Digital de la Universidad Católica Argentina (2)
- Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações Eletrônicas da UERJ (13)
- BORIS: Bern Open Repository and Information System - Berna - Suiça (35)
- Boston University Digital Common (2)
- Brock University, Canada (9)
- Bucknell University Digital Commons - Pensilvania - USA (2)
- Bulgarian Digital Mathematics Library at IMI-BAS (5)
- CaltechTHESIS (3)
- Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database (38)
- CentAUR: Central Archive University of Reading - UK (46)
- Central European University - Research Support Scheme (1)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal (53)
- Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), India (5)
- Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) (3)
- CORA - Cork Open Research Archive - University College Cork - Ireland (7)
- Dalarna University College Electronic Archive (2)
- Deakin Research Online - Australia (38)
- Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (4)
- Digital Commons at Florida International University (9)
- Digital Peer Publishing (4)
- DigitalCommons@The Texas Medical Center (3)
- DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln (1)
- Doria (National Library of Finland DSpace Services) - National Library of Finland, Finland (1)
- Duke University (7)
- eResearch Archive - Queensland Department of Agriculture; Fisheries and Forestry (5)
- FUNDAJ - Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (1)
- Glasgow Theses Service (3)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive - UK (5)
- Helda - Digital Repository of University of Helsinki (13)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship Repository (1)
- Indian Institute of Science - Bangalore - Índia (58)
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (3)
- Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal (10)
- Lume - Repositório Digital da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (1)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (3)
- Ministerio de Cultura, Spain (2)
- National Center for Biotechnology Information - NCBI (61)
- Nottingham eTheses (2)
- Open University Netherlands (1)
- Plymouth Marine Science Electronic Archive (PlyMSEA) (9)
- Portal de Revistas Científicas Complutenses - Espanha (4)
- Publishing Network for Geoscientific & Environmental Data (5)
- QSpace: Queen's University - Canada (2)
- QUB Research Portal - Research Directory and Institutional Repository for Queen's University Belfast (78)
- Queensland University of Technology - ePrints Archive (95)
- Repositorio Academico Digital UANL (1)
- Repositório Científico da Universidade de Évora - Portugal (2)
- Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal (5)
- Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Aveiro - Portugal (3)
- Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - UNESP (1)
- Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Almería (1)
- Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (37)
- RUN (Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa) - FCT (Faculdade de Cienecias e Technologia), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Portugal (4)
- SAPIENTIA - Universidade do Algarve - Portugal (3)
- Universidad de Alicante (2)
- Universidad del Rosario, Colombia (7)
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (31)
- Universidade de Lisboa - Repositório Aberto (2)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) (1)
- Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, Universität Kassel, Germany (4)
- Université de Lausanne, Switzerland (8)
- Université de Montréal, Canada (14)
- Université Laval Mémoires et thèses électroniques (1)
- University of Michigan (8)
- University of Queensland eSpace - Australia (30)
- University of Southampton, United Kingdom (1)
- University of Washington (4)
- WestminsterResearch - UK (2)
Resumo:
Although previous studies have addressed the question of why large brains evolved, we have limited understanding of potential beneficial or detrimental effects of enlarged brain size in the face of current threats. Using novel phylogenetic path analysis, we evaluated how brain size directly and indirectly, via its effects on life-history and ecology, influences vulnerability to extinction across 474 mammalian species. We found that larger brains, controlling for body size, indirectly increase vulnerability to extinction by extending the gestation period, increasing weaning age, and limiting litter sizes. However, we found no evidence of direct, beneficial or detrimental, effects of brain size on vulnerability to extinction, even when we explicitly considered the different types of threats that lead to vulnerability. Order-specific analyses revealed qualitatively similar patterns for Carnivora and Artiodactyla. Interestingly, for Primates, we found that larger brain size was directly (and indirectly) associated with increased vulnerability to extinction. Our results indicate that under current conditions the constraints on life-history imposed by large brains outweigh the potential benefits, undermining the resilience of the studied mammals. Contrary to the selective forces that have favoured increased brain size throughout evolutionary history, at present, larger brains have become a burden for mammals.