"Refined mapping of a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 1 responsible for mouse embryonic death"

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as the loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies during the first trimester of embryonic intrauterine development. This kind of human infertility is frequent among the general population since it affects 1 to 5% of women. In half of the cases the etiology remains unelucidated. In the present study, we used interspecific recombinant congenic mouse strains (IRCS) in the aim to identify genes responsible for embryonic lethality. Applying a cartographic approach using a genotype/phenotype association, we identified a minimal QTL region, of about 6 Mb on chromosome 1, responsible for a high rate of embryonic death (,30%). Genetic analysis suggests that the observed phenotype is linked to uterine dysfunction. Transcriptomic analysis of the uterine tissue revealed a preferential deregulation of genes of this region compared to the rest of the genome. Some genes from the QTL region are associated with VEGF signaling, mTOR signaling and ubiquitine/proteasome-protein degradation pathways. This work may contribute to elucidate the molecular basis of a multifactorial and complex human disorder as RSA.

"Genome-Wide Linkage in a Highly Consanguineous Pedigree Reveals Two Novel Loci on Chromosome 7 for Non-Syndromic Familial Premature Ovarian Failure"

Background: The human condition known as Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) is characterized by loss of ovarian function before the age of 40. A majority of POF cases are sporadic, but 10–15% are familial, suggesting a genetic origin of the disease. Although several causal mutations have been identified, the etiology of POF is still unknown for about 90% of the patients. Methodology/Principal Findings: We report a genome-wide linkage and homozygosity analysis in one large consanguineous Middle-Eastern POF-affected family presenting an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. We identified two regions with a LODmax of 3.26 on chromosome 7p21.1-15.3 and 7q21.3-22.2, which are supported as candidate regions by homozygosity mapping. Sequencing of the coding exons and known regulatory sequences of three candidate genes (DLX5, DLX6 and DSS1) included within the largest region did not reveal any causal mutations. Conclusions/Significance: We detect two novel POF-associated loci on human chromosome 7, opening the way to the identification of new genes involved in the control of ovarian development and function.

Refined mapping of a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 1 responsible for mouse embryonic death

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as the loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies during the first trimester of embryonic intrauterine development. This kind of human infertility is frequent among the general population since it affects 1 to 5% of women. In half of the cases the etiology remains unelucidated. In the present study, we used interspecific recombinant congenic mouse strains (IRCS) in the aim to identify genes responsible for embryonic lethality. Applying a cartographic approach using a genotype/phenotype association, we identified a minimal QTL region, of about 6 Mb on chromosome 1, responsible for a high rate of embryonic death (similar to 30%). Genetic analysis suggests that the observed phenotype is linked to uterine dysfunction. Transcriptomic analysis of the uterine tissue revealed a preferential deregulation of genes of this region compared to the rest of the genome. Some genes from the QTL region are associated with VEGF signaling, mTOR signaling and ubiquitine/proteasome-protein degradation pathways. This work may contribute to elucidate the molecular basis of a multifactorial and complex human disorder as RSA.

Caracterización citogenética de lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: calliphoridae), Cepa Bogotá, Colombia

Introducción: Lucilia sericata es una especie de importancia médica y forense, utilizada en terapialarval para curar heridas crónicas y en estudios médico-legales empleada en la estimacióndel intervalo post mórtem y el traslado de cadáveres. No existen registros de las característicascitogenéticas de esta mosca en el neotrópico. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue identificarlas características morfométricas cromosómicas y las estructuras primarias del cariotipo, a partirde especímenes de L. sericata de la cepa Bogotá, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se tomaronhuevos embrionados, que fueron previamente esterilizados en su superficie, se maceraron y luegofueron sembrados en el medio de cultivo L-15, suplementado con 20% de sfb, e incubados auna temperatura de 28 ºC, sin atmosfera de C02. La preparación de los cromosomas se obtuvo demonocapas celulares semiconfluentes, empleando diversas soluciones: antimitótica (Colchicina),hipotónica (KCl 0,075 M) y fijadora (Carnoy: metanol y ácido acético; 3:1). Se llevó a cabo la técnicade bandeo C para la identificación de regiones cromosómicas de heterocromatina constitutiva.Resultados: Se obtuvieron parámetros morfométricos de cada par cromosómico. El número diploidedel cariotipo obtenido de los cultivos celulares fue 2n = 12; éstos se clasificaron morfológicamente,de acuerdo con patrones previamente establecidos, así: los pares I, II, IV y V fueronmetacéntricos, y el par III fue submetacéntrico. A su vez, el par sexual fue heteromórfico, siendoel cromosoma X metacéntrico y el cromosoma Y submetacéntrico. El bandeo C fue positivo paratodos los pares cromosómicos. Conclusiones: Se establecieron las características citogenéticas deL. sericata, cepa Bogotá, Colombia, relacionadas con número, forma, tamaño, posición del centrómeroy regiones heterocromáticas de los cromosomas.