Description and analysis of pulmonary rehabilitation care programs current state in four cities of Colombia

Purpose: there are many studies reporting the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation, but few of them exhibit the behavior and activities of these services. This article presents the characteristics of services, parts management and training level of team members, in addition to the variables or instruments used to measure the effectiveness and impact in these programs. Method: it was made a cross sectional convenience sample which included seven pulmonary rehabilitation services in four Colombian cities (Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Cali), selected by the coverage, for having at least one year of experience and for being formally established and recognized nationwide. The interdisciplinary team of each service answered a survey that was validated through a pilot test and expert consensus. Participation was voluntary. Results: labor onset pulmonary rehabilitation services correspond to an average of a decade, with COPD and asthma pathologies of attention. The programs are characterized by an outpatient treatment with an average duration of eight to twelve weeks, with a frequency of an hour three times a week. Also, the director of the service is regularly a pulmonologist and the coordinator a physiotherapist (57.14%). The posgradual training of these professionals is notable, and they report to have procedural, administrative and communicative skills, but qualify regular there research skills. The physical and technological resources are well tested. 71.42% have done impact studies, but only 28.57% have been published. All have in common training in upper limbs, lower limbs, respiratory muscles, counseling, functional assessment and quality of life. The effectiveness and impact of programs is measured by the walking test, quality of life questionnaires and activities of daily living.

Consumer Neuroscience as a reserach issue, concepts and applications. A paradigmatic approach

Consumer neuroscience allows a fullest and objective understanding about desires andactions of consumers, turning itself in a fickle tool to the use of the companies and to improve their Marketing strategies. The use of the Neuroscientific methods to the analysis, description and comprehension of human behavior related to consume open a lot of unknown possibilities to discover. Neuromarketing or The consumer Neuroscience as is known too is the study of mental process been part of the consumer behavior and contexts concerning the marketing as well, apply and follow in the environment of the real life of human been. Its supported by the paradigms and the technological development of Neurosciences whose progress has made possible for the seekers to deep in knowledge abouthow the brain work. Physiological operations of mind are a product of a structural and functional ensemble including the brain, as organ, and mind, emotion and cognition, asfunctions. Mind events just can be understood in the middle of the interaction between the organism and his environment. Neuromarketing paradigm it’s still in his infancy and whatfor it’s full of research possibilities. Inside the consumer neuroscience the ethic building doesn’t collapse, the morality isn’t threaten, inside the normal individual Will it’s alwaysWill. The present paper looking for a place to the consumer neuroscience paradigm over the perspective of research open to the Marketing, from the technological advances and hermeneutical vision offer by Neuroscience; it’s propose some of several possibilities ofresearch and practice been explored actually. To give an example its offer one of methods of research as is the Evoked Potentials.

Factores asociados a la enfermedad discal lumbar de origien laboral calificados por la junta de calificación de invalidez regional de Meta, entre 2001 y 2014

La enfermedad de disco lumbar de origen laboral se presenta como una patología frecuente a nivel mundial en la masa trabajadora de diferentes sectores económicos expuesta a factores de riesgo biomecánico, afectando negativamente a la persona como ser individual y social, y repercutiendo en las economías en diferentes niveles. Objetivo Establecer la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo biomecánico en los casos con diagnóstico de enfermedad de disco lumbar calificados como enfermedad de origen laboral por la Junta Regional de Calificación de Invalidez del Meta, en el período comprendido entre 2011 a 2014, explorando la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos y laborales. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal con información retrospectiva de historias clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad de disco lumbar calificados de origen laboral, entre el 2011 – 2014. Resultados: La prevalencia de los factores de riesgo biomecánico fue: flexión columna con 94.1%, caminando durante la mayor parte de la jornada laboral 51.7%, levantar y/o depositar manualmente objetos 53.4%, manipulación de carga mayor a 25 kg, 49.2% y vibración cuerpo entero más de 4 horas 16.9%. Estos factores fueron mayores en trabajadores de obras civiles y manipuladores de materiales con 20.3%, en actividades económicas de servicios con 33.1% y construcción 21.2%. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa de la enfermedad de disco lumbar con el género y la exposición a vibración/impacto cuerpo entero. Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo biomecánico como la posición de la columna vertebral en flexión, el levantamiento y depósito de carga, la manipulación de peso mayor a 15 kgs, la postura de cuerpo caminando, la exposición a vibración a cuerpo entero, y el tiempo de exposición, son elementos fundamentales a tener en cuenta en el proceso de calificación de origen de la enfermedad discal lumbar.