Múltiples derechos, la misma desprotección: la eficacia simbólica de los derechos de las mujeres indígenas desplazadas en Colombia

Este artículo indaga por las dificultades en la protección de los derechos de las mujeres indígenas desplazadas, en el contexto de la pluralidad jurídica de que son sujetas y de la eficacia simbólica que comportan estos múltiples ordenamientos para ellas. Con base enla observación participante realizada por el autor, se sostiene que las relaciones entre la pluralidad interna y externa de los ordenamientos jurídicos, así como la eficacia simbólica, privilegian los intereses de los hombres y el Estado, y generan la desprotección de las mujeres indígenas desplazadas a través de fenómenos específicos. En la primera parte, se examinanlas dificultades internas y externas de los ordenamientos nacional e internacional y su eficacia simbólica, las cuales no permiten desarrollar los derechos de las mujeres indígenas desplazadasde forma específica y diferenciada. En la segunda parte, se analizan los argumentos locales que, desde el punto de vista de las mujeres indígenas, dificultan las reclamaciones de sus derechos. Finalmente, se observan tres fenómenos específicos de desprotección de las mujeres indígenas desplazadas.

Children treated in psychoanalytical psychotherapy for learning problems

A clinical psychotherapy needs to turn its gaze to the current demands, and update its practice in empirical studies. The objective of this research is to ascertain the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of children treated in psychotherapy by learning problems. We conducted a retrospective documentary study with records of 2106 children treated between 1979 and 2007 in two outpatient psychological care of the city of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The results showed that demand for Learning Problems is the fourth largest cause of psychotherapeutic care. There was no statistically significant difference regarding gender. Children with learning problems come to psychotherapy more frequently in the early stages of elementary school, around 7 years old. Increased demand for psychotherapy of children with learning problems takes place in May. Perhaps, learning difficulties can be understood simultaneously as a symptom global, in which other aspects, besides the uniqueness of the subject are involved. We conclude that individual and social aspects involved in Learning Problems may be useful in the clinical management of these children by professionals who are dedicated to meeting this particular clientele. One must be aware of ongoing partnership which should be placed between psychologist and pedagogue. Both professionals, education and health, account for components of the child to know

Dasein – o entendimento de Heidegger sobre o modo de ser humano

A obra Ser e Tempo do filósofo alemão Martin Heidegger é uma das influências fundamentais para o surgimento da psicologia fenomenológico-existencial. Nela, Heidegger utiliza o termo Dasein para nomear o modo de ser especificamente humano e questionar a tradição metafísica (ontológica) ocidental. O Dasein heideggeriano despertou o interesse da psicologia em função da renovada concepção de homem que apresentava. Para Heidegger, o Dasein é sempre relação com o próprio ser, cujas características são chamadas de existenciais. Em Ser e Tempo, o Dasein é descrito em sua cotidianidade como ser-no-mundo que existe já sempre se projetando em possibilidades de ser, as quais são constituintes do seu próprio ser. Sendo-no-mundo, o Dasein não se mostra como um sujeito individualizado que representa objetos mentalmente, ao contrário, perde-se na impessoalidade do mundo compartilhado com os outros e lida com o que está ao seu redor de modo prático. A individualização passa pela disposição afetiva fundamental, a angústia.

Gender differences among undergraduates in the recognition of emotional facial expressions

The perceptive accuracy of university students was compared between men and women, from sciences and humanities courses, to recognize emotional facial expressions. emotional expressions have had increased interest in several areas involved with human interaction, reflecting the importance of perceptive skills in human expression of emotions for the effectiveness of communication. Two tests were taken: one was a quick exposure (0.5 s) of 12 faces with an emotional expression, followed by a neutral face. subjects had to tell if happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust or surprise was flashed, and each emotion was shown twice, at random. on the second test 15 faces with the combination of two emotional expressions were shown without a time limit, and the subject had to name one of the emotions of the previous list. in this study, women perceived sad expressions better while men realized more happy faces. there was no significant difference in other emotions detection like anger, fear, surprise, disgust. Students of humanities and sciences areas of both sexes, when compared, had similar capacities to perceive emotional expressions