Pregnancy in adolescents as a problem to 14 – 19 year olds in Nocaima (Cundinamarca)

Adolescent pregnancy is a current problem which raises concern due to its individual, familiar and collective consequences. Fifteen million adolescents give birth each year in the world. Abortion is the preferred option used in unwanted pregnancies. Adolescent pregnancy is frequent in Nocaima, Cundinamarca and is a community concern in this small town initiating its process of becoming a healthy municipality. As such, the community has highlighted this problem to be studied and submitted to intervention to promote a free and responsible sexuality decreasing unwanted adolescent pregnancies. Objective: To find data on contraception, pregnancy and related factors in selected adolescents therefore, improving current incomplete information. Methods: Descriptive observational study with survey application on 226 female 14 to 19 year old students from three high school facilities in Nocaima including 8th to 11th graders. Results: 88.9% of the participants were between 14 and 17 years of age. 66.8% of the adolescents claim to use correctly contraceptive methods and 28.8% have had sexual intercourse with an average initiation at age 15. 11.1% have been pregnant once in their lives and of these 57.1 % ended in induced abortion and 66.8% were school dropouts. Conclusions: After having implemented an educational campaign on healthy sex and reproductive behaviors we view adolescent pregnancy as a public health problem which is preventable and related to the deficit of social and family support as well as weakness in individual decision making.

Continuos and intervalic training on cardiovascular fitness in sedentary women

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate if the intervallic exercise near to the maximum of intensity in a similar fitness population and in women is more effective to improve aerobic capacity than the continuous one of smaller intensity. In order to do it, ten healthy women between 18 and 25 years habitual inhabitants of Bogotá city (located at 2600masl) were selected. They signed the informed consent and were divided randomly in two groups of five participants. They were undergoing to two traditional types of training of ten weeks, three times per week, one hour of duration every day. The continuous training group (Group 1) had a VO2peak intensity of 60%; for his part, the intervallic training group (Group 2) had five sessions of ten minutes of exercise at 70% of VO2peak and 90 seconds of recovery between each session. It was possible to demonstrate that, although the Cardiac Frequency (CF) average of group 2 participants during the exercise sessions were always over those of group 1, this difference was not statistically significant. In the same way, the basal CF and the recovery CF, as well as the VO2peak, did not have significant differences between both groups. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure average, as well as the Respiratory Frequency (FR) were always superior in group 2, and these differences were really significant. It was possible to conclude that there is not a significant difference in cardiovascular fitness between sedentary young women, after 10 weeks of two traditional types of aerobic training, one 60% continuous and other one 70% intervalic.

Factores asociados a embarazo no deseado en mujeres en edad reproductiva en Colombia 2010

Objetivo: Identificar factores sociodemográficos y de fecundidad, asociados a ocurrencia de embarazo no deseado en mujeres colombianas en edad reproductiva en el año 2010. Métodos: Se realizó estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal, basado en los datos de la ENDS Colombia-2010, del total de mujeres en edad fértil (13-49 años) que al momento de la encuesta se encontraban en embarazo. La variable de interés fue embarazo no deseado, se describió la población a estudio y se evaluó la posible asociación con variables sociodemográficas y de fecundidad, a través de análisis bivariado y multivariado. Se realizaron los mismos análisis por grupo de edad (adolescentes vs adultas). Resultados: La prevalencia de embarazo no deseado en las mujeres colombianas en el 2010 fue de 61,4 %. De acuerdo al modelo de regresión logística, no estar en unión a una pareja (OR: 4,01 IC95%: 3,066-5,269), tener hijos (OR: 2,040 IC95%: 1,581 – 2,631), estar en el quintil de menor riqueza (OR: 2,137 IC95%: 1,328-3,440), y ser adolescente (OR: 1,599 IC95%: 1,183-2,162), son factores que aumentan la probabilidad de tener un embarazo no deseado. Se encontraron diferencias en los factores asociados al realizar segmentación por edad. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de embarazo no deseado permanece alta en Colombia respecto a años anteriores y a otros países. Los resultados pueden ser de utilidad para el desarrollo de políticas en salud sexual y reproductiva teniendo en cuenta los factores asociados identificados priorizando a la población adolescente y de menor estatus socioeconómico, para la prevención de embarazo no deseado en Colombia.