Análisis del conflicto kurdo como condicionante político al proceso de adhesión de Turquía a la Unión Europea (1999 2006)

el conflicto kurdo obstaculiza la coordinación de políticas en materia de democracia y derechos humanos que debe realizar Turquía para adaptarse al condicionamiento político que exige la UE como régimen de obligatorio cumplimiento y finalmente ser aceptado como miembro oficial

Análisis de la incidencia de los factores militares y los factores políticos en el fallo del proceso de paz del Caguán entre el gobierno colombiano y las Farc-Ep, periodo 1998-2002

Esta monografía ofrece un análisis encaminado a revisar la incidencia de factores militares y políticos en el fallo del proceso de negociación del Caguán. Considera que la relación entre estos dos elementos y el fallo del proceso no han sido suficientemente estudiados por los analistas, ya que el examen de otros fenómenos ha desviado la atención de los analistas acerca de la importancia de estos elementos contextuales en la respuesta positiva o negativa de un proceso de paz. La primera parte de la monografía estará enfocada en estudiar las condiciones militares relacionadas con el escalonamiento del conflicto en el fallo del proceso de paz. La segunda parte evaluará las condiciones políticas, asociadas a la legitimidad, incidentes en el fallo del proceso. El artículo encuentra que hay una relación intrínseca entre la decisión de cancelar las negociaciones y las condiciones en las cuales esta se presenta. Finalmente, la conclusión da un marco contextual de análisis del fallo del proceso de paz.

The institutional environment and its influence on political options to Protect Winnipeg’s Female garments Workers against the impact of globalization

The principal objective of this paper is to identify the relationship between the re­sults of the Canadian policies implemented to protect female workers against the impact of globalization on the garment industry and the institutional setting in which this labour market is immersed in Winnipeg. This research paper begins with a brief summary of the institutional theory appro­ach that sheds light on the analysis of the effects of institutions on the policy options to protect female workers of the Winnipeg garment industry. Next, this paper identi­fies the set of beliefs, formal procedures, routines, norms and conventions that cha­racterize the institutional environment of the female workers of Winnipeg’s garment industry. Subsequently, this paper descri­bes the impact of free trade policies on the garment industry of Winnipeg. Afterward, this paper presents an analysis of the ba­rriers that the institutional features of the garment sector in Winnipeg can set to the successful achievement of policy options addressed to protect the female workforce of this sector. Three policy options are considered: ethical purchasing; training/retraining programs and social engage­ment support for garment workers; and protection of migrated workers through promoting and facilitating bonds between Canada’s trade unions and trade unions of the labour sending countries. Finally, this paper concludes that the formation of isolated cultural groups inside of factories; the belief that there is gender and race discrimination on the part of the garment industry management against workers; the powerless social conditions of immi­grant women; the economic rationality of garment factories’ managers; and the lack of political will on the part of Canada and the labour sending countries to set effective bilateral agreements to protect migrate wor­kers, are the principal barriers that divide the actors involved in the garment industry in Winnipeg. This division among the prin­cipal actors of Winnipeg’s garment industry impedes the change toward more efficient institutions and, hence, the successful achievement of policy options addressed to protect women workers. 

Political intervention in economic activity

This paper proposes a political economy explanation of bailouts to declining industries. A model of probabilistic voting is developed, in which two candidates compete for the vote of two groups of the society through tactical redistribution. We allow politicians to have core support groups they understand better, this implies politicians are more or less effective to deliver favors to some groups. This setting is suited to reproduce pork barrels or machine politics and patronage. We use this model to illustrate the case of an economy with both an efficient industry and a declining one, in which workers elect their government. We present the conditions under which the political process ends up with the lagged-behind industry being allowed to survive.