Perspectiva ético-política del ser ciudadano: una mirada desde los jóvenes

Este artículo se deriva de la investigación "Referentes ético-políticos de la ciudadaníade un grupo de jóvenes de la ciudad de Manizales", la cual indagó por las perspectivas éticas y políticas implícitas en la ciudadanía según jóvenes universitarios estudiantes de ciencia política y jóvenes pertenecientes a la cultura urbana de hip-hop. La pregunta de investigación se fundamentó en los planteamientos de Rawls sobre ciudadanía y justicia, de Taylor sobre autenticidad y de Kymlicka sobre ciudadanía multicultural y derechos diferenciados. Los antecedentes investigativos revisados parecen orientarse a la indagación por los implícitos morales y políticos de la ciudadanía, la noción de ciudadanía en el marco de una idea de democracia, la ciudadanía y la participación juvenil y la ciudadanía y la construcción de identidad. Se encontró que los dos grupos hacen referencia a la libertad, la igual dignidad, la responsabilidad, el respeto, la solidaridad, y la tolerancia, como los principios fundamentales de la ciudadanía. Llamó la atención que, mientras para los jóvenes universitarios la ciudadanía se debe instaurar como un estatus socio-político —que permita exigir los derechos de manera individual—, para los jóvenes hip-hoperos la ciudadanía se debe asumir a partir del reconocimiento de los marcos socio-culturales que le dan sentido de vida y pertenencia a esta cultura juvenil urbana.-----This article derives from the research entitled "Ethical-political Citizenship Reference Points from a Group of Young People from the City of Manizales", which sought to discover the ethical and political perspectives implied by citizenship according to young political science university students and youngsters belonging to the urban Hip-Hop culture. The aim of the investigation is based on Rawls’ proposals regarding citizenship and justice, Taylor’s on authenticity, and Kymlicka’s on multicultural citizens and group-differentiated rights. Revised research references appear to be oriented towards indignation due to citizenship-implied morals and politics, the notion of citizenship within the framework of an idea of democracy, citizenship and youth participation, and citizenship and the building of identity. It was discovered that both groups made reference to freedom, equal dignity, responsibility, respect, solidarity and tolerance as the basic fundamentals of citizenship. It was interesting to see that, while for university students citizenship should be established as a socio-political status —allowing to demand rights on an individual basis—, for the young Hip-Hoppers citizenship should be assumed from the basis of acknowledgement of the existence of socio-cultural frameworks that provide this young urban culture with a sense of life and belonging.

Does uncertainty cause inertia in decision making? An experimental study of the role of regret aversion and indecisiveness

Previous research has shown that often there is clear inertia in individual decision making---that is, a tendency for decision makers to choose a status quo option. I conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate two potential determinants of inertia in uncertain environments: (i) regret aversion and (ii) ambiguity-driven indecisiveness. I use a between-subjects design with varying conditions to identify the effects of these two mechanisms on choice behavior. In each condition, participants choose between two simple real gambles, one of which is the status quo option. I find that inertia is quite large and that both mechanisms are equally important.

Reference values for handgrip strength in among healthy young adults

Background: Isometric grip strength, evaluated with a handgrip dynamometer, is a marker of current nutritional status and cardiometabolic risk and future morbidity and mortality. We present reference values for handgrip strength in healthy young Colombian adults (aged 18 to 29 years). Methods: The sample comprised 5.647 (2.330 men and 3.317 women) apparently healthy young university students (mean age, 20.6±2.7 years) attending public and private institutions in the cities of Bogota and Cali (Colombia). Handgrip strength was measured two times with a TKK analogue dynamometer in both hands and the highest value used in the analysis. Sex- and age-specific normative values for handgrip strength were calculated using the LMS method and expressed as tabulated percentiles from 3 to 97 and as smoothed centile curves (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 and P97). Results: Mean values for right and left handgrip strength were 38.1±8.9 and 35.9±8.6 kg for men, and 25.1±8.7 and 23.3±8.2 kg for women, respectively. Handgrip strength increased with age in both sexes and was significantly higher in men in all age categories. The results were generally more homogeneous amongst men than women. Conclusions: Sex- and age-specific handgrip strength normative values among healthy young Colombian adults are defined. This information may be helpful in future studies of secular trends in handgrip strength and to identify clinically relevant cut points for poor nutritional and elevated cardiometabolic risk in a Latin American population. Evidence of decline in handgrip strength before the end of the third decade is of concern and warrants further investigation

Normative reference values for the 20-meter shuttlerun test in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia: The FUPRECOL Study

Our aim was to determine the normative reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to establish the proportion of subjects with low CRF suggestive of future cardio-metabolic risk.