The playful as a psycho-pedagogic method: one experience in preventing youth drug dependence

This participatory action research was based on a experience of educational intervention on La Cruz and Bello Oriente (Manrique-Medellin), a marginal zone in the northeastern part of the Commune 3 in Medellin,. Colombia. In this marginal sector, psychosocial problems seem to be associated to limited educational and employment opportunities, domestic violence, illegal armed forces, sexual abuse, social discrimination, and lack of adequate public services, among others.  All these are also considered as risk factors for drug dependency.  We used a structured interview designed to identify leisure tendencies, use of free time, and tendencies in recreational activities. Data from the interview were triangulated with information collected by observation and in field work and used to build a psycho-pedagogic method based on play and leisure activities. The effects of the use of this educational intervention on the satisfaction of human needs were analyzed in light of the theory of Manfred Max-Neef. Results point out the need for new educational strategies aimed to promote creativity, solidarity, mental, physical and social health, more enthusiasm and motivation and in general, positive attitudes that help prevent drug dependence.

Desvalorização Temporal, Dependência química e Impulsividade

Desvalorização pelo atraso (DA) se refere à escolha especialmente influenciada pelo grau de imediaticidade com que um bem é liberado, havendo a diminuição de sua preferência em função do atraso em sua liberação. A DA se relaciona de forma positiva com a impulsividade e está presente em portadores de diversos tipos de dependências químicas e de outros transtornos que envolvem a impulsividade. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a DA e sua relação com a dependência química a partir de revisão de estudos que verificaram a relação entre ambos e a aplicabilidade dos resultados como medida de impulsividade. Os estudos demonstraram que a desvalorização se associa de forma significativa com o consumo de substâncias e revelaram que sua avaliação pode ser uma importante informação no processo de tomada de decisão no uso de substâncias. Apresentam-se também estratégias de intervenção capazes de controlar e modificar a DA.

A Network model of systemic risk : identifying the sources of dependence across institutions

We design a financial network model that explicitly incorporates linkages across institutions through a direct contagion channel, as well as an indirect common exposure channel. In particular, common exposure is setup so as to link the financial to the real sector. The model is calibrated to balance sheet data on the colombian financial sector. Results indicate that commercial banks are the most systemically important financial institutions in the system. Whereas government owned institutions are the most vulnerable institutions in the system.