Teoría del control óptimo: ¡una guía para principiantes!

El objetivo de este artículo es doble: en una primera parte, se dan las principales intuiciones de la teoría de control óptimo. En la segunda parte se expondrán las grandes familias de problemas de control óptimo, así como las teorías correspondientes. Las aplicaciones a problemas económicos de esos teoremas serán ilustrados a lo largo de todo el documento.

The crime kuznets curve

We document the existence of a Crime Kuznets Curve in US states since the 1970s. As income levels have risen, crime has followed an inverted U-shaped pattern, first increasing and then dropping. The Crime Kuznets Curve is not explained by income inequality. In fact, we show that during the sample period inequality has risen monotonically with income, ruling out the traditional Kuznets Curve. Our finding is robust to adding a large set of controls that are used in the literature to explain the incidence of crime, as well as to controlling for state and year fixed effects. The Curve is also revealed in nonparametric specifications. The Crime Kuznets Curve exists for property crime and for some categories of violent crime.