Allocation rules on networks

When allocating a resource, geographical and infrastructural constraints have to be taken into account. We study the problem of distributing a resource through a network from sources endowed with the resource to citizens with claims. A link between a source and an agent depicts the possibility of a transfer from the source to the agent. Given the supplies at each source, the claims of citizens, and the network, the question is how to allocate the available resources among the citizens. We consider a simple allocation problem that is free of network constraints, where the total amount can be freely distributed. The simple allocation problem is a claims problem where the total amount of claims is greater than what is available. We focus on consistent and resource monotonic rules in claims problems that satisfy equal treatment of equals. We call these rules fairness principles and we extend fairness principles to allocation rules on networks. We require that for each pair of citizens in the network, the extension is robust with respect to the fairness principle. We call this condition pairwise robustness with respect to the fairness principle. We provide an algorithm and show that each fairness principle has a unique extension which is pairwise robust with respect to the fairness principle. We give applications of the algorithm for three fairness principles: egalitarianism, proportionality and equal sacrifice.

Network externalities across financial institutions

We propose and estimate a financial distress model that explicitly accounts for the interactions or spill-over effects between financial institutions, through the use of a spatial continuity matrix that is build from financial network data of inter bank transactions. Such setup of the financial distress model allows for the empirical validation of the importance of network externalities in determining financial distress, in addition to institution specific and macroeconomic covariates. The relevance of such specification is that it incorporates simultaneously micro-prudential factors (Basel 2) as well as macro-prudential and systemic factors (Basel 3) as determinants of financial distress. Results indicate network externalities are an important determinant of financial health of a financial institutions. The parameter that measures the effect of network externalities is both economically and statistical significant and its inclusion as a risk factor reduces the importance of the firm specific variables such as the size or degree of leverage of the financial institution. In addition we analyze the policy implications of the network factor model for capital requirements and deposit insurance pricing.

De la planificación a la gestión: Implementación de modelos de ocupación en el territorio. Caso de estudio: Zona norte de Bogotá

Las políticas públicas de ordenamiento territorial contienen múltiples implicaciones. Por un lado, definen visiones de ocupación sobre el territorio y, por el otro, establecen mecanismos para su consecución. La zona norte de Bogotá permanece a la espera de un modelo que permita su ocupación con fines urbanos. La presente investigación presenta las implicaciones y caminos desde los cuáles se ha buscado sustentar las posiciones sobre la ocupación de la zona, como las contraposiciones existentes sobre el modelo de ciudad con el que se asocia. La expansión de la ciudad pone de relieve las discusiones sobre lo que debe ser una ciudad, y cambian en el tiempo de la mano con los discursos, intereses e ideologías dominantes.