Research and teaching: a holy or an unholy alliance?

Much of the self-image of the Western university hangs on the idea that research and teaching are intimately connected. The central axiom here is that research and teaching are mutually supportive of each other. An institution lacking such a set of relationships between research and teaching falls short of what it means to be a university. This set of beliefs raises certain questions: Is it the case that the presence of such a mutually supportive set of relationships between research and teaching is a necessary condition of the fulfilment of the idea of the university? (A conceptual question). And is it true that, in practice today, such a mutually supportive set of relationships between research and teaching characterises universities? (An empirical question). In my talk, I want to explore these matters in a critical vein. I shall suggest that: a) In practice today, such a mutually supportive set of relationships between research and teaching is in jeopardy. Far from supporting each other, very often research and teaching contend against each other. Research and teaching are becoming two separate ideologies, with their own interest structures. b) Historically, the supposed tight link between research and teaching is both of recent origin and far from universally achieved in universities. Institutional separateness between research and teaching is and has been evident, both across institutions and even across departments in the same institution. c) Conceptually, research and teaching are different activities: each is complex and neither is reducible to the other. In theory, therefore, research and teaching may be said to constitute a holy alliance but in practice, we see more of an unholy alliance. If, then, in an ideal world, a positive relationship between research and teaching is still a worthwhile goal, how might it be construed and worked for? Seeing research and teaching as two discrete and unified sets of activity is now inadequate. Much better is a construal of research and teaching as themselves complexes, as intermingling pools of activity helping to form the liquid university that is emerging today. On this view, research and teaching are fluid spaces, ever on the move, taking up new shapes, and themselves dividing and reforming, as the university reworks its own destiny in modern society. On such a perspective, working out a productive relationship between research and teaching is a complex project. This is an alliance that is neither holy nor unholy. It is an uneasy alliance, with temporary accommodations and continuous new possibilities

Efecto de las TIC's en la mejora del conocimiento y capacidad de análisis del juego en las asignaturas de deportes de la FCCAFYD - INEF

El presente estudio pretende analizar la utilidad de las nuevas tecnologías para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje en las asignaturas referidas a los fundamentos de los deportes en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF-Madrid). Para ello, se ha llevado un estudio comparativo de resultados entre tres grupos de alumnos que han utilizado diferentes metodologías: a) NULA UTILIZACIÓN DE TIC´S (Gr.0; n=35): clases magistrales, sin utilización de la plataforma institucional de la UPM, ni realización de trabajos relacionados con las nuevas tecnologías. b) UTILIZACIÓN FRECUENTE DE TIC´S AUNQUE DE FORMA PASIVA (Gr.1; n=33): clases con medios audiovisuales, acceso a los contenidos de la asignatura mediante la plataforma virtual institucional de la UPM y no realizaron de trabajos con nuevas tecnologías. c) UTILIZACIÓN FRECUENTE DE TIC´S Y DE FORMA ACTIVA (Gr.2; n=43): similar al grupo anterior con la inclusión de trabajos y tareas complementarias relacionadas con las nuevas tecnologías. Se evaluó a los tres grupos al comienzo y final del cuatrimestre, tras el proceso metodológico diferenciado, en dos bloques: conocimiento de contenidos (Cto.) y capacidad perceptiva y de análisis (PA). Los resultados confirmaron una mejora en ambos bloques en los tres grupos analizados, sin embargo se observaron diferencias según la metodología utilizada. Los valores correspondientes al examen inicial fueron similares en los tres grupos mientras que en el examen final las diferencias fueron significativas en todos los grupos y bloques (p≤0,01). El Grupo 2 obtuvo las mejores puntuaciones (Cto=6,51 ± 1,61; PA=6,53 ± 1,09), con significativas diferencias respecto a los grupos cuya utilización de nuevas tecnologías había sido menor. El Grupo 1 obtuvo valores significativamente superiores (Cto=5,03 ± 0,73; PA=5,36 ± 0,96) a los obtenidos por el Grupo 0 (Cto=4,43 ± 0,77; PA=3,03 ± 0,89). Teniendo en cuenta que los valores iniciales fueron similares en los tres grupos, se observó que el grado de mejora (pretest y test) fue muy superior en los grupos que utilizaron TIC´s que en el grupo que no las utilizó. En los tres casos y en ambos bloques, las diferencias entre los valores del pretest y del test fueron significativas (p≤0,01). Estos resultados permiten afirmar que el uso de las nuevas tecnologías repercute de forma directa en el resultado del aprendizaje del alumno universitario de balonmano: cuanta más tecnología se utiliza, más se aprende

Experience in introduction of English terminology in engineering lessons: methodology and evaluation

This communication explains a experience for the introduction of English terminology in a technical degree of higher education. We present the methodology and assessment procedures used to evaluate the way the students perceived the introduction of terminology in English in two different subjects from 3rd and 5th year courses of a Computer Science degree in which English was not the vehicular language. We propose a strategy based on two main pillars, namely: 1) The design of materials, explanations, and exams, paying particular attention to the way in which the specific terminology was exposed to the students, and 2) The assessment of the impact in the students by means of the analysis of the feedback trough a set of enquiries. Our experience showed that the students responded very positively to the introduction of English terminology, and presented an affirmative feedback about the impact that an improvement of their linguistic abilities would have in their future work. Further, we present statistics regarding the use of English as the vehicular language for technical reports, which is envisaged as very useful by the students. Finally, we propose a set of questions for further debate which are centered in the role that English terminology should pay in technical degrees, and about the way in which universities should deploy resources in English languages within the different Syllabus

[Ressenya del llibre Rediscovering geography: new relevance for science and society, de Rediscovering Geography Committee, National Research Council]

El llibre ressenyat pretén ser una síntesi i una avaluació de la situació de la geografia als Estats Units. Estructurat en vuit capítols, els sis primers són una anàlisi de diversos aspectes de la geografia i els dos últims expliquen quina estratègia hauria de portar-se a terme per enfortir el paper de la geografia en el món acadèmic i en la societat en general

¿Leer y componer música?: ahora todo el mundo puede gracias a la tecnología

La lectura musical implica la comprensión del texto musical (partitura) lo cual aporta una determinada información al músico. Tradicionalmente, se entendía que para que el texto musical en sí cobrara sentido eran necesarios toda una serie de conocimientos y destrezas que iban desarrollándose a través de horas y horas de estudio y dedicación. El resultado óptimo de este proceso era muy parecido a la imagen que podemos ver en la película “Amadeus” en la que Salieri se queda asombrado al “leer” una de las composiciones de Mozart. En este caso, Salieri no necesitó de ningún medio que le ayudase a saber cómo sonaba aquello que dejó escrito su colega. Presumiblemente, los músicos son capaces de llegar a imaginar cómo suena la música impresa sin necesidad de ningún medio que decodifique esta información. Por tanto, la lectura musical del código ha estado vetada durante años a personas especializadas u otras personas que, teniendo ciertos manejos sobre rudimentos de teórica musical y técnica instrumental, utilizaban los instrumentos para “decodificar” la información plasmada en la partitura. En este último caso, esa traducción se veía limitada por las destrezas técnicas instrumentales que presentase cada individuo, de forma que si ciertas composiciones adquirían alguna complejidad, los individuos tenían graves problemas para tocarlas y por tanto, para oír aquello que estaba escrito en la partitura. Actualmente aparecen nuevos medios que permiten que se reduzcan los costes cognitivos y las habilidades necesarios para poder “decodificar” los símbolos musicales de una partitura y por tanto, traducir en sonido el código escrito. Todo esto se basa en la capacidad de la tecnología para poder ofrecer una sustitución a determinadas operaciones mentales que resultan complejas o imposibles de realizar por individuos sin la necesaria preparación

Artistic education an alternative formative pedagogical and didactic tool: folder, blog

The pedagogical and didactic dynamic system is focused on individual learning process and aims at the development of artistic knowledge, helping and guiding learners through different strategies or individual support, thus reinforcing the process. In consequence, this presentation looks for an alternative to the intercommunication student-teacher supported on the educational paradigm, through textual analyses of the daily diaries, developped by teacher and students, so as to discover successes or difficulties

Enhanced convolution approach for CAC in ATM networks, an analytical study and implementation

The characteristics of service independence and flexibility of ATM networks make the control problems of such networks very critical. One of the main challenges in ATM networks is to design traffic control mechanisms that enable both economically efficient use of the network resources and desired quality of service to higher layer applications. Window flow control mechanisms of traditional packet switched networks are not well suited to real time services, at the speeds envisaged for the future networks. In this work, the utilisation of the Probability of Congestion (PC) as a bandwidth decision parameter is presented. The validity of PC utilisation is compared with QOS parameters in buffer-less environments when only the cell loss ratio (CLR) parameter is relevant. The convolution algorithm is a good solution for CAC in ATM networks with small buffers. If the source characteristics are known, the actual CLR can be very well estimated. Furthermore, this estimation is always conservative, allowing the retention of the network performance guarantees. Several experiments have been carried out and investigated to explain the deviation between the proposed method and the simulation. Time parameters for burst length and different buffer sizes have been considered. Experiments to confine the limits of the burst length with respect to the buffer size conclude that a minimum buffer size is necessary to achieve adequate cell contention. Note that propagation delay is a no dismiss limit for long distance and interactive communications, then small buffer must be used in order to minimise delay. Under previous premises, the convolution approach is the most accurate method used in bandwidth allocation. This method gives enough accuracy in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. But, the convolution approach has a considerable computation cost and a high number of accumulated calculations. To overcome this drawbacks, a new method of evaluation is analysed: the Enhanced Convolution Approach (ECA). In ECA, traffic is grouped in classes of identical parameters. By using the multinomial distribution function instead of the formula-based convolution, a partial state corresponding to each class of traffic is obtained. Finally, the global state probabilities are evaluated by multi-convolution of the partial results. This method avoids accumulated calculations and saves storage requirements, specially in complex scenarios. Sorting is the dominant factor for the formula-based convolution, whereas cost evaluation is the dominant factor for the enhanced convolution. A set of cut-off mechanisms are introduced to reduce the complexity of the ECA evaluation. The ECA also computes the CLR for each j-class of traffic (CLRj), an expression for the CLRj evaluation is also presented. We can conclude that by combining the ECA method with cut-off mechanisms, utilisation of ECA in real-time CAC environments as a single level scheme is always possible.