Adaptaciones de Geonetwork para la construcción de IDE sectoriales

In this document we describe the use of metadata catalog Geonetwork software for creating thematic nodes in a spatial data infrastructure

SDIAnalyzer: una aplicación para el estudio de IDE

El auge de las Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales (IDE) en los últimos años ha provocado el despliegue masivo de este tipo de plataformas en el territorio español. A pesar de hacer uso de estándares del OGC, estar reguladas por iniciativas como la directiva INSPIRE y que existen recomendaciones y normativas para su implantación, la red de nodos IDE es muy heterogénea y se detectan grandes desigualdades. Conscientes de esta situación surge la necesidad de un método objetivo para el estudio y análisis comparativo de IDEs. Como parte del desarrollo de esta metodología nace SDIAnalyzer, programa de software libre que permite la extracción masiva, almacenamiento y estudio de información relativa a servicios del OGC. SDIAnalyzer (Spatial Data Infraestructure Analyzer), creado por el CartoLab de la Universidade da Coruña, ha sido aplicado en el análisis de aproximadamente 180 IDEs españolas de nivel regional elaborando mapas temáticos de diversas características y pretendemos seguir avanzando en su desarrollo. En el presente artículo, se exponen sus características principales y se lanza de forma pública a la comunidad de software libre

MapFish. A WebGIS 2.0 Framework: toolkit to build rich client WebGIS

MapFish is an open-source development framework for building webmapping applications. MapFish is based on the OpenLayers API and the Geo extension of Ext library, and extends the Pylons general-purpose web development framework with geo-specific functionnalities. This presentation first describes what the MapFish development framework provides and how it can help developers implement rich web-mapping applications. It then demonstrates through real web-mapping realizations what can be achieved using MapFish : Geo Business Intelligence applications, 2D/3D data visualization, on/off line data edition, advanced vectorial print functionnalities, advanced administration suite to build WebGIS applications from scratch, etc. In particular, the web-mapping application for the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and a Regional Spatial Data Infrastructure will be demonstrated

Servidor de datos LiDAR y diferentes clientes en software libre

Cada vez hay más datos LiDAR disponibles que cubren grandes extensiones del territorio pero la distribución de este tipo de datos todavía no se ha resuelto debido al elevado volumen de datos y a que el análisis de la información no es trivial para usuarios no expertos en tecnología LiDAR. Actualmente DIELMO está llevando a cabo un proyecto implementar diferentes servicios para la distribución de datos LiDAR a través de una IDE

SILEX: la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales del yacimiento arqueológico de Casa Montero

El objetivo es presentar la experiencia de utilización del Software Libre y de Código Abierto en el desarrollo e implantación del Sistema de Información (SI) del yacimiento arqueológico de Casa Montero. Se muestra el potencial de combinar las Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales y las bases de datos orientadas a grafos en la gestión, investigación y difusión del Patrimonio Arqueológico (PA). Se ejemplifica la propuesta tecnológica a través del ejemplo de SI del yacimiento arqueológico de Casa Montero (Madrid), SILEX (Sistema de Información Locacional en XML). La implementación de sistemas de información para la gestión de PA colabora fuertemente en tres actividades básicas que han de ser realizadas sobre él. En primer lugar, la gestión, con el objetivo de protegerlo y conservarlo; en segundo término, la investigación, de cara a elaborar conocimiento histórico mediante el análisis arqueológico de los restos materiales del pasado; y en tercer lugar, la difusión, con la pretensión de divulgar el PA y el conocimiento histórico generado a partir del mismo entre la sociedad

Distributional patterns of diatom communities in Mediterranean rivers

Aquesta tesi tracta la jerarquia i l'heterogeneïtat dels sistemes fluvials que afecten l'estructura de les comunitats bentòniques de diatomees. A nivell regional, es van buscar diferents grups de punts i les seves espècies indicadores, es va estudiar la resposta de les comunitats de diatomees als gradients ambientals, es va avaluar la utilitat de diferents índexs de diatomees i es va buscar el millor sistema de classificació per a condicions de referència. A nivell de conca, es volien definir els factors que determinen la distribució longitudinal de la diversitat de les comunitats de diatomees. Finalment, a nivell d'hàbitat es van determinar quins factors afecten les algues i els cianobacteris a aquesta escala i es va examinar la contribució relativa de l'ambient i l'espai en la distribució de la biomassa i composició d'algues i cianobacteris. Per tant, els diferents capítols d'aquesta tesi han estat desenvolupats seguint aquest esquema.

Paisatge i abandonament agrari a la muntanya mediterrània: una aproximació al cas de les Valls d'Hortmoier i Sant Aniol (Alta Garrotxa) des de l'ecologia del paisatge

The methodology is focused on the use of digital air photos to monitor changes in land covers and to study its dynamics and its patterns in the last 50 years. The dissertation also take into account the relationship between open habitats patterns/dynamics versus biodiversity persistence, increase risk of fire, land ownership and management. Therefore Geographic Information System (GIS) is a very interesting mapping tool that enables geographic or spatial data capture, storage, retrieval, manipulation, analysis and modeling. Finally this research develop a heuristic model to create sites using suitability maps and a reserve design model to select the most optimum sites in order to increase landscape heterogeneity at the less cost.

Spatial Analysis of Cell Composition Data

A version of Matheron’s discrete Gaussian model is applied to cell composition data. The examples are for map patterns of felsic metavolcanics in two different areas. Q-Q plots of the model for cell values representing proportion of 10 km x 10 km cell area underlain by this rock type are approximately linear, and the line of best fit can be used to estimate the parameters of the model. It is also shown that felsic metavolcanics in the Abitibi area of the Canadian Shield can be modeled as a fractal

Monitoring procedures in environmental geochemistry and compositional data analysis theory

First discussion on compositional data analysis is attributable to Karl Pearson, in 1897. However, notwithstanding the recent developments on algebraic structure of the simplex, more than twenty years after Aitchison’s idea of log-transformations of closed data, scientific literature is again full of statistical treatments of this type of data by using traditional methodologies. This is particularly true in environmental geochemistry where besides the problem of the closure, the spatial structure (dependence) of the data have to be considered. In this work we propose the use of log-contrast values, obtained by a simplicial principal component analysis, as LQGLFDWRUV of given environmental conditions. The investigation of the log-constrast frequency distributions allows pointing out the statistical laws able to generate the values and to govern their variability. The changes, if compared, for example, with the mean values of the random variables assumed as models, or other reference parameters, allow defining monitors to be used to assess the extent of possible environmental contamination. Case study on running and ground waters from Chiavenna Valley (Northern Italy) by using Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, SO4 2- and Cl- concentrations will be illustrated

Quantifying rock fabrics: a test of autocorrelation of the spatial distribution of cristals

A novel test of spatial independence of the distribution of crystals or phases in rocks based on compositional statistics is introduced. It improves and generalizes the common joins-count statistics known from map analysis in geographic information systems. Assigning phases independently to objects in RD is modelled by a single-trial multinomial random function Z(x), where the probabilities of phases add to one and are explicitly modelled as compositions in the K-part simplex SK. Thus, apparent inconsistencies of the tests based on the conventional joins{count statistics and their possibly contradictory interpretations are avoided. In practical applications we assume that the probabilities of phases do not depend on the location but are identical everywhere in the domain of de nition. Thus, the model involves the sum of r independent identical multinomial distributed 1-trial random variables which is an r-trial multinomial distributed random variable. The probabilities of the distribution of the r counts can be considered as a composition in the Q-part simplex SQ. They span the so called Hardy-Weinberg manifold H that is proved to be a K-1-affine subspace of SQ. This is a generalisation of the well-known Hardy-Weinberg law of genetics. If the assignment of phases accounts for some kind of spatial dependence, then the r-trial probabilities do not remain on H. This suggests the use of the Aitchison distance between observed probabilities to H to test dependence. Moreover, when there is a spatial uctuation of the multinomial probabilities, the observed r-trial probabilities move on H. This shift can be used as to check for these uctuations. A practical procedure and an algorithm to perform the test have been developed. Some cases applied to simulated and real data are presented. Key words: Spatial distribution of crystals in rocks, spatial distribution of phases, joins-count statistics, multinomial distribution, Hardy-Weinberg law, Hardy-Weinberg manifold, Aitchison geometry

Application of compositional data analysis to geochemical data of marine sediments

In an earlier investigation (Burger et al., 2000) five sediment cores near the Rodrigues Triple Junction in the Indian Ocean were studied applying classical statistical methods (fuzzy c-means clustering, linear mixing model, principal component analysis) for the extraction of endmembers and evaluating the spatial and temporal variation of geochemical signals. Three main factors of sedimentation were expected by the marine geologists: a volcano-genetic, a hydro-hydrothermal and an ultra-basic factor. The display of fuzzy membership values and/or factor scores versus depth provided consistent results for two factors only; the ultra-basic component could not be identified. The reason for this may be that only traditional statistical methods were applied, i.e. the untransformed components were used and the cosine-theta coefficient as similarity measure. During the last decade considerable progress in compositional data analysis was made and many case studies were published using new tools for exploratory analysis of these data. Therefore it makes sense to check if the application of suitable data transformations, reduction of the D-part simplex to two or three factors and visual interpretation of the factor scores would lead to a revision of earlier results and to answers to open questions . In this paper we follow the lines of a paper of R. Tolosana- Delgado et al. (2005) starting with a problem-oriented interpretation of the biplot scattergram, extracting compositional factors, ilr-transformation of the components and visualization of the factor scores in a spatial context: The compositional factors will be plotted versus depth (time) of the core samples in order to facilitate the identification of the expected sources of the sedimentary process. Kew words: compositional data analysis, biplot, deep sea sediments