Gestes professionnels, communauté discursive disciplinaire scolaire et savoirs: le triangle infernal

Cette contribution s'interesse aux rapports entre activite enseignante et construction de significations par les eleves, rapport que nous reformulons, dans notre cadre theorique, en termes de liens entre geste professionnel et construction de communautes discursives disciplinaires scolaires dont nous pensons que l'institution est correlee aux apprentissages. En effet, la focalisation sur la seule activite des eleves nous semble insuffisante pour comprendre ce qui permet ou non leur inscription dans les disciplines scolaires et les deplacements cognitifs attendus par leurs enseignants. Des lors s'impose la necessite de comprendre l'activite enseignante qui oriente celle de l'eleve, ce qui nous a conduit a participer a l'elaboration d'un modele appele "l'agir enseignant" qui a pour fonctions de comprendre l'action des enseignants et d'organiser celle des formateurs

Socio-Cultural Transformation and the Promotion of Learning

The main premise of Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory is that to promote learning, and thus development, educators must intervene in, and change, the students’ socio-cultural context. Vygotsky’s theory, however, has been misinterpreted and the opposite approach has been accepted: the teaching is adapted, according to the context. The result is widespread failure in schools. This article reclaims the true transformative meaning of Vygotskian theory and shows how successful schools in several countries implement various actions to transform their social and cultural environment. Data is presented from six case studies of successful schools conducted in five European countries. The analysis shows that these actions improve instrumental learning and, consequently, cognitive development. All these efforts focus on teaching methods that aim to increase the amount that students learn

Aproximación a la realidad socio-económica marroquí mediante una red de aprendizaje cooperativo

Esta comunicación presenta las prácticas llevadas a cabo en el marco del proyecto de Innovación Docente 'Construcción de una red de aprendizaje cooperativo para el análisis aplicado del contexto socioeconómico marroquí', valorado positivamente por la ANECA y subvencionado por la unidad de Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Granada (UGR). El proyecto se inserta en una doble línea: descubrir la realidad social y económica de un país vecino socio de la Unión Europea y crear la interacción con y entre el alumnado desde una perspectiva internacional e intercultural para desarrollar sus destrezas socio-profesionales y facilitar su movilidad

A qualitative analysis of immigrant population health practices in the Girona Healthcare Region

The research we present here forms part of a two-phase project - one quantitative and the other qualitative - assessing the use of primary health care services. This paper presents the qualitative phase of said research, which is aimed at ascertaining the needs, beliefs, barriers to access and health practices of the immigrant population in comparison with the native population, as well as the perceptions of healthcare professionals. Moroccan and sub-Saharan were the immigrants to who the qualitative phase was specifically addressed. The aims of this paper are as follows: to analyse any possible implications of family organisation in the health practices of the immigrant population; to ascertain social practices relating to illness; to understand the significances of sexual and reproductive health practices; and to ascertain the ideas and perceptions of immigrants, local people and professionals regarding health and the health system. Methods: qualitative research based on discursive analysis. Data gathering techniques consisted of discussion groups with health system users and semi-structured individual interviews with healthcare professionals. The sample was taken from the Basic Healthcare Areas of Salt and Banyoles (belonging to the Girona Healthcare Region), the discussion groups being comprised of (a) 6 immigrant Moroccan women, (b) 7 immigrant sub-Saharan African women and (c) 6 immigrant and native population men (2 native men, 2 Moroccan men and 2 sub-Saharan men); and the semi-structured interviews being conducted with the following healthcare professionals: (a) 3 gynaecologists, (b) 3 nurses and 1 administrative staff. Results: use of the healthcare system is linked to the perception of not being well, knowledge of the healthcare system, length of time resident in Spain and interiorization of traditional Western medicine as a cure mechanism. The divergences found among the groups of immigrants, local people and healthcare professionals with regard to healthcare education, use of the healthcare service, sexual and reproductive healthcare and reticence with regard to being attended by healthcare personnel of the opposite sex demonstrate a need to work with the immigrant population as a heterogeneous group. Conclusions: the results we have obtained support the idea that feeling unwell is a psycho-social process, as it takes place within a specific socio-cultural situation and spans a range of beliefs, perceptions and ideas regarding symptomology and how to treat it