Essays on innovation in manufacturing environments: strategy and production

La present tesi doctoral és un recull de cinc articles científics que analitzen l'ús d'innovacions dins l'àmbit manufacturer. Entenent el concepte innovació en un sentit ampli, no només tecnològic. La tesi està estructurada en dos grans apartats, estratègia i producció. En el primer dels apartats, s'inclouen tres treballs. El primer treball és un anàlisi de quines són les principals barreres percebudes per les empreses en la cooperació en R&D. Els altres dos treballs són estudis empírics del comportament estratègic de les empreses que pertanyen al sector tèxtil i confecció. Respecte al segon gran apartat, producció, es presenten dos treballs. El primer treball, presenta per primer cop a Espanya dades detallades sobre l'ús d'innovacions tecnològiques dins l'àmbit manufacturer així com analitza el seu impacte en els resultats de l'empresa. Finalment, l'últim dels treballs estudia la relació entre l'ús d'innovacions organitzatives i la implantació de diferents nivells de qualitat dins l'empresa.

Predicting random level and seasonality of hotel prices. A structural equation growth curve approach

This article examines the effect on price of different characteristics of holiday hotels in the sun-and-beach segment, under the hedonic function perspective. Monthly prices of the majority of hotels in the Spanish continental Mediterranean coast are gathered from May to October 1999 from the tour operator catalogues. Hedonic functions are specified as random-effect models and parametrized as structural equation models with two latent variables, a random peak season price and a random width of seasonal fluctuations. Characteristics of the hotel and the region where they are located are used as predictors of both latent variables. Besides hotel category, region, distance to the beach, availability of parking place and room equipment have an effect on peak price and also on seasonality. 3- star hotels have the highest seasonality and hotels located in the southern regions the lowest, which could be explained by a warmer climate in autumn

Simultaneous estimation of indirect and interaction effects using structural equation models

Interaction effects are usually modeled by means of moderated regression analysis. Structural equation models with non-linear constraints make it possible to estimate interaction effects while correcting for measurement error. From the various specifications, Jöreskog and Yang's (1996, 1998), likely the most parsimonious, has been chosen and further simplified. Up to now, only direct effects have been specified, thus wasting much of the capability of the structural equation approach. This paper presents and discusses an extension of Jöreskog and Yang's specification that can handle direct, indirect and interaction effects simultaneously. The model is illustrated by a study of the effects of an interactive style of use of budgets on both company innovation and performance