Classification of sags according to their origin based on the waveform similarity

A statistical method for classification of sags their origin downstream or upstream from the recording point is proposed in this work. The goal is to obtain a statistical model using the sag waveforms useful to characterise one type of sags and to discriminate them from the other type. This model is built on the basis of multi-way principal component analysis an later used to project the available registers in a new space with lower dimension. Thus, a case base of diagnosed sags is built in the projection space. Finally classification is done by comparing new sags against the existing in the case base. Similarity is defined in the projection space using a combination of distances to recover the nearest neighbours to the new sag. Finally the method assigns the origin of the new sag according to the origin of their neighbours

Reliable entertainment: Spanish consumers' preferences regarding a film's country of origin

This article contributes to the study of cinema audiences in Europe by analyzing the actual behavior of Spanish moviegoers and their level of satisfaction. We modeled moviegoers’ choice of film by country of origin (U.S.A., Spain, and other countries) according to a set of determinants: (1) consumers’ interpretation of several sources of information, (2) motivations and (3) choice rules. We found three clear consumer stereotypes related to each type of film: (1) U.S.A. films were preferred by almost everyone (especially families and younger audiences); (2) Spanish films had audiences composed of middle-age and middle-class moviegoers; and (3) European productions were preferred by a social or intellectual elite. U.S.A. films dominate the Spanish market for the reason that they provide most of what moviegoers prefer, namely, familiar, reliable entertainment in Spanish; three characteristics that are not satisfied by Spanish and European films. Additionally, we discuss the implications for the European cultural policy

Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe

The origins of early farming and its spread to Europe have been the subject of major interest for some time. The main controversy today is over the nature of the Neolithic transition in Europe: the extent to which the spread was, for the most part, indigenous and animated by imitatio (cultural diffusion) or else was driven by an influx of dispersing populations (demic diffusion). We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of the transition using radiocarbon dates from 735 early Neolithic sites in Europe, the Near East, and Anatolia. We compute great-circle and shortest-path distances from each site to 35 possible agricultural centers of origin—ten are based on early sites in the Middle East and 25 are hypothetical locations set at 58 latitude/longitude intervals. We perform a linear fit of distance versus age (and vice versa) for each center. For certain centers, high correlation coefficients (R . 0.8) are obtained. This implies that a steady rate or speed is a good overall approximation for this historical development. The average rate of the Neolithic spread over Europe is 0.6–1.3 km/y (95% confidence interval). This is consistent with the prediction of demic diffusion(0.6–1.1 km/y). An interpolative map of correlation coefficients, obtained by using shortest-path distances, shows that the origins of agriculture were most likely to have occurred in the northern Levantine/Mesopotamian area

Ethnic Identity in an Intercultural Geography: an Empirical Study = L’identité ethnique dans une géographie interculturelle: une étude empirique

This study explored the ethnic identity among 331 emerging adults (144 mestizos and 187 indigenous) from the Intercultural University of Chiapas (México). Scholars suggest that ethnicity is much more salient for ethnic minority adolescents than for adolescents who are members of the ethnic majority. Our aim was to compare the results of the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) between the majority ethnic group and the minority group studied. Specifically, the following hypothesis was examined: adolescents who are members of the ethnic minority group (indigenous) will score significantly higher on ethnic identity than adolescents who are members of the ethnic majority group (mestizos). The results supported these hypothesis. We suggest that the effect of an intercultural educative model could explain these results

Knowledge-based modelling and simulation of operational problems of microbiological origin in wastewater treatment plants

The activated sludge and anaerobic digestion processes have been modelled in widely accepted models. Nevertheless, these models still have limitations when describing operational problems of microbiological origin. The aim of this thesis is to develop a knowledge-based model to simulate risk of plant-wide operational problems of microbiological origin.For the risk model heuristic knowledge from experts and literature was implemented in a rule-based system. Using fuzzy logic, the system can infer a risk index for the main operational problems of microbiological origin (i.e. filamentous bulking, biological foaming, rising sludge and deflocculation). To show the results of the risk model, it was implemented in the Benchmark Simulation Models. This allowed to study the risk model's response in different scenarios and control strategies. The risk model has shown to be really useful providing a third criterion to evaluate control strategies apart from the economical and environmental criteria.

El procés migratori gambià a comarques: el cas de Banyoles, Olot i Salt

Els assentaments de gambians, tal com succeeix amb la majoria dels assentaments d'immigrats, tendeixen a la concentració en zones determinades. Per aquest motiu, aquesta tesi se centra en les comarques de Girona, perquè és on s'hi troba l'índex més alt d'aquesta població de tot l'Estat espanyol i es posa el focus d'atenció als municipis de la demarcació que acullen més gambians, concretament Banyoles, Olot i Salt. De la mateixa manera, aquesta tesi vol introduir específicament el grup ètnic soninké o sarahule, bàsicament perquè a la demarcació de Girona és l'ètnia majoritària. Abans d'ubicar els assentaments, ens endinsem en el context d'origen dels immigrats gambians, posant èmfasi especial en l'escolarització a Gambia i també en les migracions soninké. Un cop analitzem els assentaments, ens aproximem a les trajectòries migratòries gambianes, així com en les estratègies que s'utilizen per portar a terme el projecte migratori, l'accés als canals d'informació sobre l'existència de diferents destins on hi ha oportunitats de treball, etc. Ens aproximem també a la integració dels immigrats gambians a la demarcació de Girona fent una aproximació de la inserció d'aquest col·lectiu en la societat de destí, abordant diferents vessants de la seva integració laboral, espaial, entre d'altres. Una integració que dependrà tant del resultat de la voluntat individual de cada immigrant, com també dels serveis que possibilitin la integració, així com de l'accés als propis mecanismes d'integració que té la nostra societat (accés al treball, a un habitatge, etc.) Molts dels immigrats gambians instal·lats a les comarques gironines tenen i han tingut fills i filles, podent parlar, per tant, d'una "segona generació" de gambians. Es fa una aproximació als fills i filles d'aquest col·lectiu introduint-nos en la socialització d'aquests nens i nenes, en els valors dels pares i mares en relació amb l'educació dels seus fills i filles, als canvis en l'estructura familiar un cop realitzat l'assentament en el país de destí i en les relacions de la familia amb amics i parents del mateix grup ètnic. Es fa una anàlisi de la situació escolar dels tres municipis d'estudi, analitzant la distribució d'alumnat d'origen estranger en aquests municipis, així com les estratègies educatives dels mestres que escolaritzen alumnat d'origen gambià. Es posa èmfasi especial en una estratègia bastant seguida pel col·lectiu gambià, fonamentalment d'ètnia sarahule, que ha estat la d'enviar els fills i filles a Gàmbia per temporades lllargues.