Estudio del impacto ambiental del uso del bagazo como fuente de energía en centrales azucareros en Cuba. Estudio de caso "Melanio Hernández"

This work was carried out to study the environmental impacts produced by power generation from biomass (bagasse) in sugar mills in Cuba. For this purpose, with the collaboration of the Center for Energy and Industrial Processes (CEEPI), the University Center of Sancti Spiritus and using different research methods and techniques, conducted an environmental survey of the area. Gaseous emissions were characterized and the suspended solid particles, allowing knowing that these concentrations do not exceed the maximum emission limit set by the cubana Standard. In addition, the dispersion model applied DISPER allowed us to obtain information in crisis conditions of air emissions from sugar mill and distillery associated and concluded that emissions from the distillery are the pollutants that contribute more the atmosphere. The correlating emissions with respiratory diseases, (acute respiratory infections or subacute (IRA) and ASMA), concurrent Asthma Crisis (CAB) is the most affected. The calculated costs associated in these diseases, amounting to $ 119 599.23 per year. In order to minimize the negative alternatives are proposed to be implemented in industry and community.

Coneixements dels professionals de la salut de l'atenció primària sobre prevenció del consum de drogues

The aim of this research is to know the training of health professionals in health promotion and disease prevention, and to examine its manifestation among the actions and interventions for prevention of tobacco, alcohol or cannabis consumption. The sample includes 225 professionals. The study used a self-made design of quantitative methodology (survey study). The most important results are: the formative limitations in health education and prevention of substance use and the fact that professionals who have received specific training in substance use tap more health education as a prevention tool in their daily activities. It is also noted that 80% of professionals believe they should improve quality training, and 67% quantity, always in relation to the tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use. Generally, the overload care and the lack of time are cited as factors preventing the health education activities. Finally, the study also shows that secondary prevention activities are the most used, while community interventions are underutilized by professionals.