Vision-based localization of an underwater robot in a structured environment

This paper presents a vision-based localization approach for an underwater robot in a structured environment. The system is based on a coded pattern placed on the bottom of a water tank and an onboard down looking camera. Main features are, absolute and map-based localization, landmark detection and tracking, and real-time computation (12.5 Hz). The proposed system provides three-dimensional position and orientation of the vehicle along with its velocity. Accuracy of the drift-free estimates is very high, allowing them to be used as feedback measures of a velocity-based low-level controller. The paper details the localization algorithm, by showing some graphical results, and the accuracy of the system

Correction of shading effects in vision-based UUV localization

This paper describes the improvements achieved in our mosaicking system to assist unmanned underwater vehicle navigation. A major advance has been attained in the processing of images of the ocean floor when light absorption effects are evident. Due to the absorption of natural light, underwater vehicles often require artificial light sources attached to them to provide the adequate illumination for processing underwater images. Unfortunately, these flashlights tend to illuminate the scene in a nonuniform fashion. In this paper a technique to correct non-uniform lighting is proposed. The acquired frames are compensated through a point-by-point division of the image by an estimation of the illumination field. Then, the gray-levels of the obtained image remapped to enhance image contrast. Experiments with real images are presented

Electron localization function at the correlated level

The electron localization function (ELF) has been proven so far a valuable tool to determine the location of electron pairs. Because of that, the ELF has been widely used to understand the nature of the chemical bonding and to discuss the mechanism of chemical reactions. Up to now, most applications of the ELF have been performed with monodeterminantal methods and only few attempts to calculate this function for correlated wave functions have been carried out. Here, a formulation of ELF valid for mono- and multiconfigurational wave functions is given and compared with previous recently reported approaches. The method described does not require the use of the homogeneous electron gas to define the ELF, at variance with the ELF definition given by Becke. The effect of the electron correlation in the ELF, introduced by means of configuration interaction with singles and doubles calculations, is discussed in the light of the results derived from a set of atomic and molecular systems