L'Activité de l'enseignant dans les situations de rencontre avec des oeuvres d'art (littérature, arts visuels): quels gestes professionnels spécifiques? (Co) activité de l'enseignant et de l'élève au moment de "parler de l'oeuvre"

Les travaux ici présentés se définissent explicitement comme des recherches sur des situations de formation d’enseignants non spécialistes aux problématiques des Enseignements Artistiques et Culturels1 [EAC]. Cela ne signifie pas que ces travaux relèvent de ce qui serait une «recherche appliquée»; bien au contraire, nous postulons que ces situations professionnelles renvoient à la recherche «fondamentale» en sciences des arts des questions originales et difficiles. Une des difficultés de la formation d’enseignants polyvalents est justement de leur apporter, dans des délais forcément réduits, des connaissances solides, alors qu’elles portent sur des champs disciplinaires multiples, et sur des noeuds théoriques qui se révèlent complexes

A Negotiation Style Recommender Based on Computational Ecology in Open Negotiation Environments

The system described herein represents the first example of a recommender system in digital ecosystems where agents negotiate services on behalf of small companies. The small companies compete not only with price or quality, but with a wider service-by-service composition by subcontracting with other companies. The final result of these offerings depends on negotiations at the scale of millions of small companies. This scale requires new platforms for supporting digital business ecosystems, as well as related services like open-id, trust management, monitors and recommenders. This is done in the Open Negotiation Environment (ONE), which is an open-source platform that allows agents, on behalf of small companies, to negotiate and use the ecosystem services, and enables the development of new agent technologies. The methods and tools of cyber engineering are necessary to build up Open Negotiation Environments that are stable, a basic condition for predictable business and reliable business environments. Aiming to build stable digital business ecosystems by means of improved collective intelligence, we introduce a model of negotiation style dynamics from the point of view of computational ecology. This model inspires an ecosystem monitor as well as a novel negotiation style recommender. The ecosystem monitor provides hints to the negotiation style recommender to achieve greater stability of an open negotiation environment in a digital business ecosystem. The greater stability provides the small companies with higher predictability, and therefore better business results. The negotiation style recommender is implemented with a simulated annealing algorithm at a constant temperature, and its impact is shown by applying it to a real case of an open negotiation environment populated by Italian companies