Sympathetic Stimulation and Hypertension in the Pyridoxine-Deficient Adult Rat

Pyridoxal phosphate is the coenzyme of various decarboxylases involved in the formation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as y-aminobutyric acid , serotonin , dopamine, and norepinephrine . Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats placed on a pyridoxine -deficient diet for 8 weeks showed significant hypertension compared with pyridoxine -supplemented controls . Hypothalamic contents of pyridoxal phosphate , y-aminobutyric acid, and serotonin in the pyridoxine - deficient rats were significantly lower than those in pyridoxine -supplemented controls . Hypertension was associated with sympathetic stimulation . Treatment of pyridoxine-deficient rats with a single dose of pyridoxine (10 mg/kg body weight) reversed the blood pressure to normal levels within 24 hours, with concomitant restorations of hypothalamic serotonin and y-aminobutyric acid as well as the return of plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine to normal levels . Also, pyridoxine treatment reversed the hypothalamic hypothyroidism observed in pyridoxine -deficient rats . These results indicate an association between pyridoxine deficiency and sympathetic stimulation leading to hypertension.

Hypertension in Pyridoxine Deficiency

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the coenzyme of various decarboxylases involved in the formation of monoamine urotransmitters such as y-aminobulyric acid (GAE3A), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine. 1-lowever; in the pyridoxine-deficient rats GABA and 5-HT are decreased in various brain areas including the hypothalamus, with no change in the catecholamine levels. Serotonin and GABA are known to be involved in blood pressure control mechanisms. In this study adult Sprague-Dawley rats placed on a pyridoxine-deficient diet for 8 weeks showed significant hypertension compared with pyridoxine-supplemented controls. This was associated with a general sympathetic stimulation. Treatment of deficient rats with a single dose of pyridoxine (10 mg/kg body weight) reversed the blood pressure to normal levels within 24 h, with concomitant restoration of hypothalamic 5-HT and GABA, as well as the return of plasma norepinephrine to nornr;l levels. The results indicate that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between pyridoxine deficiency and hypertension.

Chronic catheterization using vascular-access-port in rats: blood sampling with minimal stress for plasma catecholamine determination

Chronic catheterization is illustrated using vascular-access-port model SLA where the port is surgically placed subcutaneously on the back of the rat. The catheter is tunnelled to the neck and inserted into the jugular vein . Within 24 h rats showed normal blood pressure and blood samples were collected at intervals with minimal stress to the animals . A comparison of the plasma catecholamine of blood collected from vascular-access-ports with that obtained from decapitation indicates that there was minimal stress to the rats when blood was drawn through the vascular-access-port.