Ga Optimized Srr Calculator

Negative magnetic permeability media (NMPM) can be built up by using small resonant metallic particles like Split ring resonator (SRR) which has very high magnetic polarisability. A group of these particles shows a negative permeability region near and above the resonant frequency. The continuous medium parameters describing the SRR array can be predicted from their individual electromagnetic behavior near the resonances. The paper presents an optimizing software using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to design an edge coupled two ring SRR for a particular frequency

Simple approach to determine resonant frequencies of microstrip antennas

A simple approach for accurate determination of the resonant frequencies of microstrip antennas of regular geometries is developed and presented. In this approach, a generalised empirical formula for the computation of effective dielectric permittivity is given which takes into account the ratio of the fringing area to the area of the patch. A correction to the equivalent side length of an equilateral triangular patch, previously published, is modified and a new formula is given. A correction to the effective dimensions of an elliptical microstrip antenna is also carried out. Numerical results obtained for the resonant frequencies of elliptical, circular, rectangular and equilateral-triangular microstrip antennas are in good agreement with the available theoretical and experimental results reported by others. The present approach is more efficient, simpler and more accurate

Comments on Simple and Accurate Formula for the Resonant Frequency of the Equilateral Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna

Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on,VOL 48,issue 4,pp 636

Barriers Faced By Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises In Raising Finance

Worldwide, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have been accepted as an engine of economic growth and for promoting equitable development. In developing countries including India, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises sector constitute an important part in its development. In spite of this importance, this sector face number of constraints like absence of adequate and timely supply of bank finance, difficulties in procuring raw materials, marketing and distribution challenges and non availability of suitable technology. Review of literature found that there exists problem in accessing finance from banks and financial institutions and this problem may differ from region to region, between sectors, or between individual enterprises within a sector. This paper tries to identify the various barriers faced by these units in raising finance and also try to identify the various sources of finance other than banks. The study is based upon the primary data collected from the 200 MSMEs owners in Kozhikode District of Kerala. The data has been analysed with the help of percentage. The study attempts to submit some recommendations to enhance the overall credit accessibility to MSMEs sector

Process Improvement of Coir Pith Degradation Involving White Rot Fungi By Substitution of Urea With Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria and Application of Biodegraded Coir Pith as Plant Growth Medium

In this study, a novel improved technology could be developed to convert the recalcitrant coir pith into environmental friendly organic manure. The standard method of composting involves the substitution of urea with nitrogen fixing bacteria viz. Azotobacter vinelandii and Azospirillum brasilense leading to the development of an improved method of coir pith. The combined action of the microorganisms could enhance the biodegradation of coir pith. In the present study, Pleurotus sajor caju, an edible mushroom which has the ability to degrade coir pith, and the addition of nitrogen fixing bacteria like Azotobacter vinelandii and Azospirillum brasilense could accelerate the action of the fungi on coir pith. The use of these microorganisms brings about definite changes in the NPK, Ammonia, Organic Carbon and Lignin contents in coir pith. This study will encourage the use of biodegraded coir pith as organic manure for agri/horti purpose to get better yields and can serve as a better technology to solve the problem of accumulated coir pith in coir based industries