Sequential interactions of Silver-silica nanocomposite (Ag-SiO2NC) with cell wall, metabolism and genetic stability of Psedomonas aeruginosa, a multiple antibiotic resistant bacterium

The study was carried out to understand the effect of silver-silica nanocomposite (Ag-SiO2NC) on the cell wall integrity, metabolism and genetic stability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multiple drugresistant bacterium. Bacterial sensitivity towards antibiotics and Ag-SiO2NC was studied using standard disc diffusion and death rate assay, respectively. The effect of Ag-SiO2NC on cell wall integrity was monitored using SDS assay and fatty acid profile analysis while the effect on metabolism and genetic stability was assayed microscopically, using CTC viability staining and comet assay, respectively. P. aeruginosa was found to be resistant to β-lactamase, glycopeptidase, sulfonamide, quinolones, nitrofurantoin and macrolides classes of antibiotics. Complete mortality of the bacterium was achieved with 80 μgml-1 concentration of Ag-SiO2NC. The cell wall integrity reduced with increasing time and reached a plateau of 70 % in 110 min. Changes were also noticed in the proportion of fatty acids after the treatment. Inside the cytoplasm, a complete inhibition of electron transport system was achieved with 100 μgml-1 Ag-SiO2NC, followed by DNA breakage. The study thus demonstrates that Ag-SiO2NC invades the cytoplasm of the multiple drug-resistant P. aeruginosa by impinging upon the cell wall integrity and kills the cells by interfering with electron transport chain and the genetic stability

(E)-2-(4-Benzyloxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)- N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide

The title compound, C21H19N3O2S, exists in the thione form. The configuration about the C N bond is E. The hydrazinecarbothioamide unit adopts an almost planar arrangement, with maximum deviations of 0.016 (3) and 0.016 (2) A ° for the two thiourea N atoms. An intramolecular O—H N hydrogen bond occurs. Weak intermolecular N— H S, C—H O and C—H interactions are observed in the crystal structure

(Z)-N,N-Dimethyl-2-[phenyl(pyridin-2- yl)methylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide

The title compound, C15H16N4S, exists in the Z conformation with the thionyl S atom lying cis to the azomethine N atom. The shortening of the N—N distance [1.3697 (17) A ° ] is due to extensive delocalization with the pyridine ring. The hydrazine– carbothioamide unit is almost planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.013 (2) A ° for the amide N atom. The stability of this conformation is favoured by the formation of an intramolecular N—H N hydrogen bond. The packing of the molecules involves no classical intermolecular hydrogenbonding interactions; however, a C—H interaction occurs