3 resultados para Guidelines for Handling Web Resources on CUNY and the Web
em Université de Montréal, Canada
Resumo:
Cette prsentation examinera le degr de certitude qui peut tre atteint dans le domaine scientifique. Le paradigme scientifique est compos de deux extrmes; causalit et dterminisme d'un ct et probabilit et indterminisme de l'autre. En faisant appel aux notions de Hume de la ressemblance et la contigut, on peut rejeter la causalit ou le hasard objectif comme tant sans fondement et non empirique. Le problme de l'induction et le sophisme du parieur proviennent dune mme source cognitif / heuristique. Hume dcrit ces tendances mentales dans ses essais Of Probability et Of the Idea of Necessary Connexion . Une discussion sur la conception de la probabilit de Hume ainsi que d'autres interprtations de probabilit sera ncessaire. Mme si la science glorifie et idalise la causalit, la probabilit peut tre comprise comme tant tout aussi cohrente. Une attitude probabiliste, mme si elle est galement non empirique, pourrait tre plus avantageuse que le vieux paradigme de la causalit.
Resumo:
Les tudes rhtoriques ont document la pertinence de la rhtorique prsidentielle et le pouvoir du prsident de dfinir les enjeux publics par le discours. Cette recherche porte sur les pratiques rhtoriques par lesquelles l'ancien prsident mexicain Caldern a dfini la lutte contre la drogue qui a caractris son administration. Je soutiens que Caldern a avanc une dfinition du problme de la drogue par des pratiques de dfinition telles que l'association, la dissociation et les symboles de condensation. Mon analyse 1) identifie les pratiques rhtoriques de dfinition qui ont caractris la lutte la drogue de Caldern; 2) examine les implications de ces pratiques; et 3) aborde les limites auxquelles les politiciens font face en tentant de modifier des dfinitions pralablement avances. En conclusion, jexplique comment les mtaphores et les pratiques de dfinition de Caldern ont ouvert un espace rhtorique o les droits humains pouvaient tre rvoqus et la violence encourage.
Resumo:
The article discusses the present status of weblogs and examines whether legal standards applicable to traditional press and media should be applied to that specific forum. The analysis is based on two key documents: the Draft Report on the concentration and pluralism in the media in European Union (2007/2253(INI)) of the European Parliament Committee on Culture and Education presented in March 2008 and a landmark decision of the Polish Supreme Court from July 26, 2007 (IV KK 174/07) in the light of present judicial tendency in other European countries.The first of the mentioned documents calls for the clarification of the legal status of different categories of weblog authors and publishers as well as disclosure of interests and voluntary labelling of weblogs. It emphasizes that the undetermined and unindicated status of authors and publishers of weblogs causes uncertainties regarding impartiality, reliability, source protection, applicability of ethical codes and the assignment of liability in the event of lawsuits. The position of the European Parliament, expressed in the document, raises serious questions on the limits of freedom of thought and speech on the Internet and on the degree of acceptable state control. A recent Polish Supreme Court decision, which caused quite a stir in the Polish Internet community, seems to head in the very direction recommended by the EP Culture Committee. In a case of two editors of a web journal (czasopismo internetowe) called Szyciepoprzemysku, available on-line, accused of publishing a journal without the proper registration, the Polish Supreme Court stated that journals and periodicals do not lose the character of a press release due solely to the fact that they appear in the form of an Internet transmission, and that the publishing of press in an electronic form, available on the Internet, requires registration. The decision was most surprising, as prior lower courts decisions declined the possibility to register Internet periodicals.The accused were acquitted in the name of the constitutional principle of the rule of law (art. 7 of the Polish Constitution) and the ensuing obligation to protect the trust of a citizen to the state (a conviction in this case would break the collateral estoppel rule), however the decision quickly awoke media frenzy and raised the fear of a need to register all websites that were regularly updated. The spokesman of the Polish Supreme Court later explained that the sentence of the Court was not intended to cause a mass registration of all Internet periodicals and that neither weblogs nor Internet sites, that were regularly updated, needed registration. Such an interpretation of the Polish press law did not appear clear based only on the original text of the judgment and the decision as such still raises serious practical questions.The article aims to examine the status of Internet logs as press and seeks the compromise between the concerns expressed by European authorities and the freedom of thought and speech exercised on the Internet.
